Risk analysis in the process of tour guide leading a group.

Tour guide is one of the longest and most stressful jobs away from home. Dealing with all kinds of variables from tourists and the surrounding environment anytime and anywhere is stressful and risky. There is a high probability of traffic accidents, accidents, sudden illness, sudden death and other risks during tourism.

(1) The risk of traffic accidents is high, which is higher than the average death rate.

Because the tour guide works in the car for a long time, the probability of a car accident is much higher than that of ordinary people. The nature of their work determines that tour guides should first protect the interests of tourists when they are in danger, and their risk coefficient is higher than that of guests and drivers. According to the data of the national insurance demonstration project, during the eight years from 20 10 to 20 17, there were 4,095 tourism accidents, resulting in 23,340 casualties, including 857 deaths, with an average mortality rate of 3.67%. Among the casualties of tour guides and travel agency staff 172, there were 22 casualties of tour guides 172, with a mortality rate of 12.79%, which was three times higher than the average mortality rate. It can be seen that the death rate of tour guides in tourist traffic accidents is obviously higher than the average death rate, and the risk of traffic accidents is high.

(2) The risk of illness and sudden death is increasing.

Tour guides often get up early and go to bed late during the tour. In addition to accompanying tourists to visit scenic spots and solving the problems of tourists in the process of traveling, we must always guard against risks and master the progress of the trip. Often, after arranging tourists, you can eat by yourself, and after the break, you have to confirm the next day's itinerary. The journey is hard and stressful, and the risk of sudden death increases. Due to the professional particularity of tour guides, their diet and routine are seriously irregular, and the probability of suffering from diseases such as stomach disease, liver disease and pharyngitis is high.

(3) Practice risks are hard to avoid.

There are many things that tour guides should pay attention to and worry about during the tour, and they are often in a state of high pressure and tension. If you remember the wrong place, it will lead to the delay of tourists' travel itinerary, or the luggage and articles of tourists will be stolen during centralized care due to sulfur negligence. Once this happens, after the travel agency compensates the tourists, the tour guide often has to bear part of the losses, and the practice risk is hard to avoid.

(4) Lack of insurance protection and low risk transfer ability.

Domestic tour guides are divided into contracted tour guides and social tour guides. The former is managed by travel agencies, with basic salary and social insurance, and labor rights and interests are relatively guaranteed; The latter is a part-time job with no fixed income, no social insurance and poor work quality. According to the data of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the number of social tour guides accounts for about 70% of the total number of tour guides in China, and social tour guides are the main force of tourist reception in various places. It can be seen that most tour guides belong to social tour guides and have not signed a written labor contract with the travel agency, so they cannot pay social security. It is difficult to get compensation for work-related injuries when the tour group has an accident. At the same time, due to the seasonality of their work and the instability of their income, they can't get medical treatment in time or get compensation for medical expenses from insurance, which becomes a heavy burden for tour guides and their families, and the interests of tour guides can't be effectively guaranteed. In addition, it is difficult for tour guides to find a way to transfer risks during their practice, and they can only bear the losses themselves.

Risk factor analysis

According to the data of 20 17 demonstration project, the main risks in the process of tour guide are personal injury, property loss and practice loss, accounting for 52% and 48% respectively.

(1) Personal injury risk

According to the types of personal injury risks, accidental injury, traffic accidents and sudden acute diseases are the main factors threatening the personal safety of tour guides, accounting for 56.25%, 22.50% and 18.75% respectively.

Accidental injury risk is the most important personal injury risk in tour guide activities. First of all, general accidents, such as accidental falls at scenic spots and accidental slips in hotel bathrooms, account for 57.78% of the risk of accidental injuries; Secondly, the vehicle accident factor, accounting for 15.56%, is the injury caused by sudden braking or vehicle drift during the driving of tourist buses; The third is being hit by a third-party vehicle, accounting for13.33%; Others include 8.89% animal scratches and bites, 2.22% high-risk sports injuries such as drifting, and 2.22% injuries caused by tourists or others' negligence.

The risk of traffic accidents is not high, but it causes serious damage to life. According to the data of the 20 17 unified insurance demonstration project, there were 3 14 travel-related traffic accidents in the whole year, among which 18 people were injured or killed by tour guides or tour leaders, accounting for 5.73% of the travel-related traffic accidents. The risk of sudden illness is the inherent risk of death caused by the tour guide's own illness. According to the data of 20 17 demonstration project of unified insurance, * * * a total of 14 tour guides suddenly fell ill during the tour, and 6 of them died suddenly. The risk of sudden death has become the most important risk factor threatening the life safety of tour guides.

(2) Share the risks of property loss and practice loss.

The risk of property loss mainly includes: the tour guide's property is stolen during the tour, the property loss during the rescue and centralized custody, and the property loss accompanied by personal injury; During the tour, the tour guide's negligence caused the tourists' travel delay or loss share to be cancelled. According to the data of the demonstration project of unified insurance in 20 17, there were 75 cases of property loss and loss sharing in the practice of * * * throughout the year, of which 67% were caused by property loss of tour guides, 34.67% by centralized care and 58.66% by tour guides' mistakes.

risk prevention

(1) Travel agencies should strengthen safety training for tour guides and improve their safety awareness. As the soul of the survival and development of group tourism, the safety level of tour guides determines the safety level of tourism products and tourists. Travel agencies should ask and help tour guides to be familiar with the travel itinerary plan, and fully communicate with drivers on the driving routes and stops. Before the vehicle starts, so as not to affect the normal driving of the driver during driving; Tour guides should consciously fasten their seat belts, sit in the "guide seat", avoid standing and explaining, and cooperate with drivers to urge tourists to fasten their seat belts. Tourist passenger transport enterprises should urge drivers to strictly abide by the laws and regulations on road traffic safety and road transport management, not to be overcrowded or overspeed, to drive safely and civilized, and to reduce the incidence of risk accidents.

(2) Safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of tour guides and improve the tour guide insurance system. Travel agencies shall participate in various social insurances according to law, handle relevant social insurance procedures for tour guides who have signed labor contracts with them according to regulations, and pay all social insurance premiums in full. Further play the positive role of commercial insurance in risk management and social security, and make up for the lack of protection in the tour guide industry.

(3) With the support of scientific and technological innovation, we should form a scientific tourism management platform and create a new tourism management model in internet plus, so as to help tour guides realize information exchange, sharing and management with travel agencies and tourists through the platform. From the daily tour to the comprehensive management of food, clothing, housing, transportation, finance and financial management, the information exchange between travel agencies and tour guides can be directly realized, which is convenient for tour guides to manage the roll call, room allocation, information inquiry and collection during the tour, improve the work efficiency of tour guides, facilitate the communication between tour guides and travel agencies, scenic spots and hotels, and help tour guides get out of their work difficulties.