What is the focus of park design? Urban ecological park design

Park design is to use garden art and engineering techniques to transform the terrain (or further build mountains, stack stones, and manage water), plant trees, flowers, and create buildings and layouts within a certain geographical area. The process of creating a beautiful natural environment and a realm of life and recreation through the creation of garden roads and other ways. Let’s take urban ecological park design as an example to introduce to you what the key points of park design are.

Urban ecological parks protect and improve the ecological foundation and ecological structure of urban systems, reduce air pollution, improve the living environment, and protect natural landscapes and species diversity. The essence of urban ecological parks is still parks, where visitors can rest, walk, exercise and enjoy fresh air. People have the nature and right to be close to nature. Ecological parks in cities should not be at the expense of isolating people's activities, but should properly guide and regulate people's activities so that they follow ecological principles and create a harmonious life between man and nature. place.

Guiding ideas for the design of urban ecological parks

Ecological parks are country parks with natural landscapes such as forest plants and ecological environment as the main body. Their planning and design should highlight the natural landscapes. And supplemented by cultural landscape. The ecological park as a whole should be an ecological plant group formed by the combination of points, lines, slices and surfaces, and create a forest park environment and garden landscape through plants, water bodies, terrain, roads, buildings and other elements. In terms of plant configuration, a combination of trees, shrubs and grasses should be used so that plants with different ecological characteristics can be found in their own place, and environmental factors should be fully utilized to form a harmonious, orderly and stable community; the landscape should reflect the rich and colorful city The style reflects a healthy and progressive cultural atmosphere.

Characteristics of urban ecological parks

Urban ecological parks have the basic characteristics of "true", "healthy" and "beautiful".

The so-called "truth" means that the construction of ecological parks should reflect nature, reduce traces of artificial carvings, and build a true natural ecological environment for people. "Healthy" means first of all ecological health, which means that the construction of ecological parks must pay attention to ecological benefits and be scientifically configured to achieve significant effects in wind prevention and sand fixation, soil erosion, and water conservation; secondly, it can provide people with a tourism and leisure environment. , walking, exercise, entertainment and other ecologically virtuous cycle living environment. "Beauty" refers to the aesthetic function of landscape. Ecological parks create natural and artistic beauty through the combination of green plants and architecture, sculptures and paintings. It makes people feel happy, cultivates their sentiments, and improves their artistic accomplishment.

1. Landscape pattern principles of urban ecological parks

1.1 Ecological priority principle

Urban ecological parks are established in urban areas dominated by artificial ecosystems , which aims to protect natural ecosystems. Therefore, its landscape planning should be subject to the principle of ecological priority, that is, the landscape pattern planning of the urban ecological park should first meet the "design goals conducive to ecological protection", and the remaining use functions and aesthetic functions should be subject to and coordinated with the ecology as much as possible. design requirements.

1.2 Principles of spatial heterogeneity and diversity

Heterogeneity is one of the important characteristics of landscape. The maintenance and development of heterogeneity in landscape space is an important part of landscape ecological planning and design. important principles. Landscape diversity is an indicator that describes the complexity of embedded blocks in the landscape, including patch diversity, type diversity, and pattern diversity. Diversity is of great significance to the survival and development of landscapes, and it is a criterion for landscape planning and design.

Spatial heterogeneity depends on spatial scale, and different patch types and scales in the landscape have different variability and complexity. Spatial heterogeneity can be formed based on the number and proportion of its patch types, spatial arrangement, patch shape, contrast between adjacent patches, and connectivity between patches of the same type.

The principle of diversity not only emphasizes the diversity of space, but also should be fully reflected in the richness of plant species and the diversity characteristics of plant communities. Creating a rich and diverse plant landscape first relies on a rich and diverse landscape. The shaping of environmental space also creates a more suitable habitat for various plant communities.

1.3 Principle of ecological compatibility

The principle of ecological compatibility means that the composition of landscape pattern is not passive, but is created entirely based on existing natural conditions, processes and existing resource conditions. The process of landscape ecology is a process that can actively combine ecological, economic, social and other factors to coordinate repeatedly to finally achieve a satisfactory solution.

2. Landscape design principles of urban ecological parks

2.1 Based on ecological development, give full play to the benefits of "green"

"Green" is mainly Reflected in plants, the benefits of "green" include ecological benefits, landscape benefits, social benefits, and economic benefits. Therefore, it is necessary to rationally allocate the green benefits of plant landscaping.

2.2? The principle of combining nature, life, science and artistry

People in cities yearn for green and long to return to the natural environment. Therefore, in landscape design, plant landscaping should comprehensively consider the soil, climate, rainfall and other natural conditions of the site, be people-oriented, full of life, and use scientific and artistic techniques to integrate various contradictions into the planning. ?Form the most ideal landscape environment and better meet the needs of the people.

2.3 Adapt measures to local conditions, combine suitable trees in suitable locations with reasonable introduction, rationally select tree species according to local site conditions and climatic conditions, plant species are rich and diverse, and tree species vary greatly in regions, and suitable trees in suitable locations , the principle of focusing on native tree species. At the same time, scientifically and rationally introduce exotic tree species that are suitable, harmless, and of high ornamental value to increase the variety of garden plants in the region.

The above is a complete introduction to the design of urban ecological parks. Parks are public places for the public to visit, watch, rest, carry out scientific and cultural activities, and exercise, etc., with relatively complete facilities and a good green environment* **Green space. "It has the functions of improving urban ecology, fire prevention, and evacuation. Parks can generally be divided into urban parks, forest parks, theme parks, specialized parks, etc. The ultimate goal of park design is to create a picturesque, comfortable environment, healthy and civilized park recreation realm.

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