Tourism Geography —— Four Five-year Scenic Spots and Tourism Culture in Gansu Province

Jiayuguan is located in the middle of the narrowest valley 5 kilometers west of Jiayuguan City, Gansu Province. The walls on both sides of the city pass through the desert Gobi, connecting the Great Wall of Montenegro in the north and the first pier in the world in the south. It is the westernmost part of the Great Wall in Wan Li in the Ming Dynasty. It was once called the throat of Hexi in history. Because of its dangerous terrain and magnificent architecture, it is known as the first male pass in the world, even the lock key. Jiayuguan Pass was the first pass at the western end of the Great Wall in Ming Dynasty, and it was also the traffic fortress of the ancient Silk Road. It is known as one of the three wonders of the Great Wall of China (Shanhaiguan in the east, Beitai in the middle and Jiayuguan in the west).

Jiayuguan was founded in A.D. 1372. It consists of inner city, outer city, Luocheng, Wengcheng, moat and the Great Wall on the north and south wings, with a total length of about 60 kilometers. Towers, piers and forts are scattered all over the Great Wall, which consists of three lines of defense: inner city, outer city and moat, overlapping defense, forming a defense system of five miles, one long, ten miles, one pier, three miles, one fort and a hundred miles.

The main attractions of Jiayuguan include Jiayuguan Guancheng, the Great Wall hanging on the wall, the first pier of the Great Wall, the tombs of Wei and Jin Dynasties, the stone carvings in Montenegro, Mulan City, the "July 1" glacier, the gliding base and other natural and cultural landscapes. Most of the scenic spots in Jiayuguan are closely related to the Great Wall culture and the Silk Road culture, each with its own characteristics, which has been a place for Chinese and foreign tourists for many years.

Kongtong Mountain Scenic Area is located at 12km west of Pingliang City, Gansu Province, with Xi 'an in the east, Lanzhou in the west, Baoji in the south and Yinchuan in the north. The main peak is 2 123m above sea level, which is the fortress of the ancient Silk Road in the west.

Since ancient times, the scenic spot of Kongtong Mountain has been known as "the first mountain in the west", "the wonder of the west town", "the beauty of Kongtong Mountain is the best in the world" and "the place where Taoism lies". On 20 18 Northwest China Tourism Marketing Conference and Tourism Equipment Exhibition, it was shortlisted for "Magic Northwest 100 Scenes".

Kongtong Mountain Scenic Area belongs to Danxia landform. Kongtong Mountain is a branch of Liupanshan Mountain. Influenced by external forces such as differential weathering, water erosion and collapse, it forms Danxia landform with isolated peaks, widely distributed peaks, rugged rocks, steep mountains and magnificent momentum. Kongtong Mountain landform is an early Danxia landform type in China and a unique natural wonder on the large-scale loess plateau.

Located in Maiji District, Tianshui City, Gansu Province, it is a solitary peak of Xiaolongshan, with an altitude of 142 meters, which is named after the mountain shape like a wheat pile. Maijishan Grottoes was founded in 384-4 17. There are caves 22 1, clay sculptures 10632 and murals 1 3,000 square meters, which are known as the Oriental Sculpture Art Exhibition Hall.

Maiji Mountain Scenic Area consists of five sub-scenic spots, namely Maiji Mountain, Xianrenya, Shimen, Quxi and Jieting Hot Spring 180. With rich and diverse biological types and species, it is known as the "crown of forest springs in Longshang" and has far-reaching tourism value. It is a dazzling artistic pearl and the most potential tourist attraction on the golden tourist route of the ancient Silk Road.

There are also several charming attractions around McKee. For example, the Diaochao Valley on the back cliff of Maiji Mountain was the refuge palace of Xiao Wei, a general of Xizhou who lived in Tianshui in the late Western Han Dynasty. At that time, the Summer Palace, with pavilions and winding paths, glazed tiles and jade, red-walled golden dragons shining, three eaves and four clusters of carved phoenix, swaying light and shadow, and splashing silver beads. With the passage of time, the resplendent Summer Palace has long gone, leaving only three waterfalls, cypress and pine trees, rugged rocks, exotic flowers, exotic birds and animals under the cliff, forming a beautiful natural landscape everywhere.

Mackey is a typical Danxia landform, and its rocks are all purple-brown water rocks. Its mountains suddenly rose from a single mountain, and there were many natural caves at first. Its altitude is1742m, and the top of the mountain is142m from the ground. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Maijishan had become the summer palace of Tianshui's famous Xiao Wei. Here, pine trees are gloomy, clouds are flying around, clouds are lingering, and water is flowing. "Half a piece of blue clouds, between the cliffs, carved stone into Buddha, thousands of stone niches" brings together statues of more than ten dynasties, including the late Qin Dynasty, the Western Qin Dynasty, the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Western Wei Dynasty, the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasties, the Song Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty. All caves and niches are dug on the cliffs, distributed on the east and west cliffs. Cave 54 in Dongya, Cave 0/40 in Xiya/Kloc. * * * There are more than 7,200 clay sculptures, stone tires and clay sculptures, and murals 1300 square meters. Among the existing statues, most of the statues of the Northern Dynasties (referring to the northern regime during the Southern and Northern Dynasties) are original.

The art of Maiji Grottoes is famous at home and abroad for its exquisite clay sculpture art .. Historian Fan Wenlan once praised Maiji Mountain as a "big exhibition hall for displaying statues". If Dunhuang is a big mural museum, Maijishan is a big sculpture museum. The statues here are 16 m high and 10 cm small, which embodies the characteristics of statues in various eras for more than a thousand years and systematically reflects the development and evolution of clay sculpture art in China. Clay sculptures here can be roughly divided into four categories: high relief sculptures protruding from the wall, circular sculptures completely leaving the wall, molded shadow sculptures and wall sculptures close to the wall.

Yueya Spring Scenic Spot in Mingsha Mountain, the main scenic spots are Yueya Spring and Mingsha Mountain. Crescent spring surrounds Mingsha Mountain, which looks like a crescent moon, hence its name. Mingsha Mountain is 5 kilometers away from the southern suburbs of Dunhuang City, and it is named after the sound of quicksand. Mingsha Mountain is formed by quicksand, with yellow, green, white and black dividends.

Crescent spring

Surrounded by Mingsha Mountain, it is named after a crescent moon. In ancient times, it was called Shajing, also known as Yaoquan, which was misrepresented as Wowachi and renamed Crescent Spring in Qing Dynasty. For thousands of years, the sand mountain surrounded the spring, and the spring reflected the sand mountain. The sand mountain is deep in the valley. "The wind brings Sha Fei, and the spring reflects the moon without dust." There are four unique features of the crescent spring: the crescent shape remains the same, the evil land flows into a spring, the sand mountain does not sink in the sand, and the old fish in the ancient pond is not old.

Mingsha

Mingsha Mountain is named after the sound of sand. It was called "Shajiao Mountain" and "Shensha Mountain" in ancient times. The mountain is made of quicksand, which is about 40km long from east to west and 20km wide from north to south, with the highest elevation of1715m. Its mountains are adjacent to the sand ridges, and the peaks are like blades, which is very spectacular. The sand is pink, yellow, green, white and black, glittering and translucent, without a trace of dust. In case of friction and vibration, it will make a sound, such as drums and horns, as light as silk and bamboo and as heavy as thunder. Therefore, "Shaling Qingming" is one of the "eight scenic spots" in Dunhuang.

Supplementary attractions:

1: Zhangye Danxia Geopark

Zhangye Danxia Geopark is located at the northern foot of Qilian Mountain, 30 kilometers south of Linze County, Zhangye City, Gansu Province. It is one of the areas with the largest area, the best landforms and the richest landforms in China. It is a typical representative of colorful Danxia and lattice Gongdanxia in China, and has high scientific research and tourism appreciation value.

Zhangye Danxia landform is the only compound area of Danxia landform and colorful hilly landscape in China. The landscape area mainly includes Binggou Danxia Scenic Area and Colorful Danxia Scenic Area, with an interval of about 12km. Zhangye Danxia Geopark covers an area of about 536 square kilometers, of which colorful Danxia Scenic Area covers an area of about 200 square kilometers and Binggou Danxia Scenic Area covers an area of about 300 square kilometers. Binggou Danxia Scenic Area is mainly distributed in Le Kang Township and Baiyin Township, Sunan County, Zhangye City. Colorful Danxia Scenic Area is mainly distributed in Nijiaying Township, Linze County.

Zhangye Danxia landform mainly has two zonal distribution areas, one starts from Jinta Temple and Horseshoe Temple in the east and extends to Hongshan Village in the west. The concentrated distribution points are Jinta, Horseshoe, Hongshan Bay, Baiyin, Dahe and Hongshan Village. The other area starts from Hongsihu area in the east and reaches Gaotai River in the west. The concentrated distribution points are Hongsi Lake, Hongquan, Banqiao and Heli, and the most distinctive ones are Hongshan Bay, Baiyin and Hongquan.

The Mogao Grottoes, also known as "Thousand Buddha Cave", is located on the cliff at the eastern foot of Mingsha Mountain, 25 kilometers southeast of Dunhuang City, and is one of the three artistic treasures of China grottoes. These caves were first dug in the second year of the former Qin Jianyuan (AD 366), and were later supplemented and repaired. Today, there are 492 grottoes, with 45,000 square meters of murals and 24 15 colored sculptures, which is the largest and richest grotto art treasure house in China. 1987 is listed as a world cultural heritage by UNESCO.

The artistic features of Mogao Grottoes are mainly manifested in the organic combination of architecture, statues and murals. Cave-shaped organizational system is divided into Zen Cave, Palace Cave, Tower Temple Cave, Dome Cave and Shadow Cave. Colored plastics are divided into round plastics, floating plastics, shadow plastics and good plastics. Murals are divided into statue paintings, historical paintings, story paintings, Buddhist historical paintings, architectural paintings, landscape paintings, animal paintings, decorative paintings and other different contents, which systematically reflect all aspects of cultural exchanges between the East and the West in more than ten dynasties, such as Sixteen Kingdoms, Northern Wei, Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties, Song, Xixia and Yuan Dynasty, and have become rare cultural treasures for mankind.

Mogao Grottoes is also a veritable treasure house of cultural relics. More than 50,000 scriptures, documents, embroideries and portraits have been unearthed in the Tibetan Sutra Cave, which has high artistic value. Unfortunately, due to the ignorance of the Taoist king who presided over the Mogao Grottoes at that time, almost all these treasures were stolen abroad. Now, under the Sanxian Mountain opposite the Mogao Grottoes, the Dunhuang Research Institute has built the Dunhuang Art Exhibition Center, and copied some original large caves, making the viewing contents of tourists in the Mogao Grottoes more colorful.

Dunhuang Ya Dan landform is the only desert geological museum in the world because of its long formation time, peculiar and diverse landforms, large scale and high artistic taste. In this magical land of Dunhuang, nature has created many miracles. Located at the junction of Xinjiang and Gansu, more than 80 kilometers northwest of Yumenguan, there is a typical Ya Dan landform community with orderly layout and peculiar shape, which is a rare natural sculpture museum.

It can be called another wonder of Dunhuang, and it is a wonderful masterpiece of nature. The Ya Dan in Dunhuang is hard and light red. It is about 15km long from east to west and 2km wide from north to south, which is in sharp contrast with the blue Gobi Desert and stands out against the blue sky and white clouds. When you enter Ya Dan, when the wind blows, the ghost's voice is very dense, and you can't go out at night. Locals commonly call Ya Dan a "ghost town", which looks like an ancient medieval castle.

When you enter the Ya Dan landform group at different times, your feelings are completely different. Walking into the landform of Ya Dan in the morning, when the sun rises, you can climb high and overlook, with a little glow, golden light and colorful weather; At noon, I walked into the landscape of Ya Dan. The sun was shining overhead and there were many strange shadows around me. In the strange Ya Dan Group, it seems that there is smoke everywhere; Entering Ya Dan Group in the evening, the huge red sun sets in the west, the breeze slowly winds around, and the glow on the head is brilliant, giving people a beautiful enjoyment.

The Yellow River Stone Forest is located in the southeast of Jingtai County, Baiyin City, adjacent to Longwan Village, Zhongquan Township, with a large scale and an area of about 10 square kilometer. Surrounded by mountains, it has a quiet environment, fresh air and beautiful scenery. The most distinctive is the ancient stone forest group. The stone forest landscape in the scenic spot is quite natural by the winding mountains and rivers of the Yellow River.

The Yellow River Stone Forest was formed in the Cenozoic Quaternary Early Pleistocene 265.438 million years ago. Due to the geological processes such as crustal movement, weathering and rain erosion, stone forest landforms with different shapes and mainly yellow glutenite have been formed. The cliffs in the scenic area are towering, varied, and the scenery changes. Most stone pillars and stalagmites are as high as 80- 100 meters, and the highest is more than 200 meters. Their shapes are natural and ingenious, just like the sculptor's dream masterpiece.

Narrow and tortuous valleys, such as the extinction of snakes, are named after ditches. From southeast to northwest, there are as many as eight ditches. The Yinmagou Grand Canyon, which is under development, has many scenic spots, such as lions as the gateway, falcons looking back, elephants sucking water, Qian Fan marching, Buddhist scriptures, lovers under the moon, Qu Yuan asking for heaven and so on, which are both vivid and vivid.

Extended reading:

1: Physical Geography-Geographical Climate and Natural Resources in Gansu Province

2. Human geography-Gansu's history, culture and local cuisine.