Introduction of Terracotta Warriors and Horses

Terracotta Warriors and Horses are a category of ancient tomb sculptures. In ancient times, human sacrifice was carried out, and slaves were accessories of slave owners before their death. After their death, slaves should be buried with slave owners as sacrificial objects. Terracotta warriors and horses are made into sacrificial objects in the shape of military forces (chariots, horses and soldiers).

On March 4th, 1961, the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor was announced by the State Council as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

in March p>1974, the Terracotta Warriors were discovered.

In p>1987, the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor and the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit were approved by UNESCO to be included in the World Heritage List, and were praised as "the eighth wonder of the world". More than 2 foreign heads of state and government visited it successively, which became a gold-lettered business card of China's ancient splendid civilization and was praised as one of the rare treasures of the eight ancient tombs in the world.

Architectural structure

The burial pits of Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang sit west to east, and the three pits are arranged in a zigzag pattern. The earliest discovery was the No.1 Terracotta Warriors Pit, which was rectangular. There were more than 8, terracotta warriors and horses in the pit, and there were sloping doorways on all sides. There is a Terracotta Warriors pit on the left and right sides of the No.1 Terracotta Warriors pit, which is called No.2 pit and No.3 pit.

Terracotta Warriors Pit is an underground tunnel-type civil structure building, that is, a pit with a depth of about 5 meters is dug from the ground, and parallel earth partition walls are built in the middle of the pit. Wooden columns are arranged on both sides of the wall, and crossbars are placed on the columns. The crossbars and earth partition walls are densely covered with shed wood, and the shed wood is covered with a layer of reed mat and then covered with loess, thus forming the pit top, which is about 2 meters higher than the surface at that time.

the bottom of the figurine pit is paved with blue bricks. The space height from the top to the bottom of the pit is 3.2 meters. After the terracotta figures and terracotta horses were put into the pit, the doorways around them were blocked with stumps, and the doorways were filled with rammed earth, thus forming a closed underground building.