Old photo album-Songshan Shaolin Temple

? Shaolin Temple, the ancestral home of Zen Buddhism in China and the birthplace of Shaolin Kung Fu, is located at the foot of Wuru Mountain at the northern foot of Shaoshi Mountain in Songshan, Dengfeng City, Zhengzhou, Henan Province. Founded in the 19th year of Taihe in the Northern Wei Dynasty (495), it has the reputation of "the first temple in the world" and "Shaolin Kung Fu is the best in the world". August 20 10 was listed as a world cultural heritage by UNESCO. The current abbot is Shi Yongxin, the 47th and 33rd generation descendant of Cao Dong.

Welcome monks, Shaolin Square, east-west, covering an area of 5,000 square meters, paved with blue bricks, with buildings imitating Ming and Qing Dynasties outside the green belts on both sides, red walls and gray tiles. In the green trees at the east end of the square, there stands a statue of a monk dressed up, with his hands folded on his chest and politely welcoming visitors.

? Songshan Mountain, where Shaolin Temple is located, belongs to the Funiu Mountain Range in the east of Qinling Mountains. It borders Zhengzhou in the east, Luoyang in the west, Shui Ying in the south and the Yellow River in the north. It consists of Shaoshi Mountain and Taishi Mountain. In the early 1980s, the performance of the film Shaolin Temple starring Jet Li shocked the reputation of Shaolin Temple, and almost everyone knew it.

? This imitation Ming-Qing architectural complex is the service center of Shaolin scenic spot, including Shaolin Kung Fu Teahouse, sword and frock direct sales, ticket office, tourist complaint office, Shaolin restaurant and so on.

? Shaolin Temple was founded by stupa, and Buddhism was spread to Buddhism. /kloc-during 0/500 years, monks gathered and dispersed many times. At the time of prosperity, temples were expanded and increased, and the output of temples increased, with more than 2000 monks; During the decline, Buddhism was destroyed, monasteries were destroyed, and monks were sent away, leaving only a few monks. 1928 In March, Shaolin Temple monks helped Wu stop Shi Yousan of Feng Yuxiang's department, which was not only defeated by Shi Yousan's department, but also burned the Shaolin Temple. Most of the temples in Shaolin Temple were burned down, only the Thousand Buddha Hall, Dharma Pavilion, abbot's room, Shanmen, Dizang King Hall and Baiyi Hall were preserved, and the treasures of countless towns and temples in the temple were also burned down. Most buildings today were rebuilt after liberation.

? The stone carving of "Shaolin Wushu, Human Heritage" is located in the center of Square Road. Written on July 6, 2004, Jiang Zemin, then Chairman of the Central Military Commission, came to Shaolin Temple accompanied by Cao Gangchuan, Vice Chairman of the Military Commission, and Li Keqiang and Li Chengyu, the top leaders of Henan Party and Government. The stone used for stone carving is the oldest granite greenstone in Songshan, with a history of 3.6 billion years.

"Songshan Shaolin" stone archway has four pillars, three doors, seven floors and a roof. Inscription on the main entrance of the archway: Shaoshan Shaolin; The foreheads of the left and right eras are: Wulin resort and Zen ancestral hall; Couplets with two columns in the middle door: EMI clothing bowl bears one flower and five leaves, and four rivers and three cities are taken before the Millennium mountains and rivers; The couplet on the outer column is: the resort is destined to listen to the rain, and Shaolin is everywhere. The words on the stone workshop are all Mo Bao of today's calligraphers.

? On the back of the stone archway of Songshan Shaolin, the foreheads on the left and right sides are: the creation of the stupa and Mahayana resort; Couplets with two pillars in the middle gate: a reed crossed the Yangtze River for nine years, and two ancient temples in the mountains visited ten places. The outer two-column couplets are: the Hall of Incense and the Guanhe Wan Li Arch Mountain.

? Shaoxi River, also known as Shaolin River, is located in the south of Si Qian Square. It flows twenty or thirty meters in front of the Shaolin Temple, rushes out of Songshan and becomes a tributary of the ancient Heying River, and finally flows into the Huaihe River. There is a single-hole stone bridge on the Shaoxi River, named Shaoyang Bridge.

? Ancient Stone Square in Ming Dynasty, located on the west side of the square in front of Shaolin Temple, is a two-column single-story building. Built in the thirty-fourth year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1555), the front is inscribed with the words "Mahayana Resort", and the left and right columns are connected as follows: the heart is connected to the ancient cave, and Yan Dongxue holds his knees; Face to face with the peak, and hear the golden sound in the quiet night. On the back, the title is "Song Shaochan Forest", and the couplet is: Shuangshuang Yujing, Bi Chenghan soaked in a thousand autumn moons; Six or six mysterious peaks, green and sparkling, even thousands of clouds.

Dongshifang in Ming Dynasty was built in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. Its shape and sculpture are basically the same as Xishifang. It was built in the 23rd year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (AD 1544). The inscription on the front is "Zuyuanzhen", and the two columns are connected. Positive, it is: the earth is in the sky, and the mountain is the best in the world; Heart rumors, ten teachings is the ancestral source. On the back is inscribed "Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba Tuoba". There are no engraved couplets on the square columns on both sides.

? The gate of Shaolin Temple was built in the 13th year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1735), and rebuilt in 1974 according to the old system. Three rooms wide, two rooms deep, red wall of Zhumen, painted archway, single eaves resting on the top of the mountain, paved with green glazed tiles, located on a blue brick platform more than two meters high, with 17 vertical stone steps in front. There is a round hole window with a diameter of more than two meters on the left and right sides of the mountain gate. The plaque hanging above the mountain gate, with the words "Shaolin Temple" written on it, is Kangxi's imperial pen, and the six-character seal of "Treasure of Kangxi's Imperial Pen" is engraved in the center of the plaque, which was sealed in the forty-third year of Kangxi (AD 1704), and it has been more than 300 years since. This plaque was originally hung in Tianwang Hall. Before the mountain gate was built, the Tianwang Hall was originally used as a mountain gate.

? Around the gate of Shaolin Temple, there is also a splayed wall connected with Yemen. On the west wall is the inscription "Mahayana Holiday Village", and on the east is the "Zen Ancestral Court". The black official script characters are set against the yellow background, and the walls are surrounded by vermilion, which is very eye-catching.

? Shaolin temple pharmacy, located in the west of the mountain gate, was established as early as the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, mainly considering the diagnosis and treatment of monks in the temple and the surrounding people. In 2004, Shaolin Pharmacy was re-established with departments of orthopedics, acupuncture, acne, internal medicine, pediatrics and temple medicine. , and introduced some pills, powders, ointments, pills, medicinal liquor and temple medicines with "Shaolin Pharmacy" as registered trademarks.

? Shaolin, located in the east of Shanmen, is a brand shop of Shaolin culture. It mainly deals in meditation and martial arts products developed by Shaolin Temple, provides vegetarian food mainly with vegetables, tea and drinks, and offers Shaolin Zen and martial arts culture experience courses. It is a comprehensive commercial organization under Shaolin Temple. There is a couplet on the left and right sides of the ticket gate: Taomi is everywhere, moving firewood and carrying water to see Zen.

? Entering the mountain gate, facing the shrine is a statue of Maitreya sitting cross-legged, holding a rosary, revealing a smile on her chest and abdomen, while on the back of the Maitreya shrine is Bodhisattva Galand Wei Tuo, the protector, dressed in armor, with her right hand rested on her hips and her left hand leaning on a diamond pestle. From Wei's standing posture on the ground, we can see the attitude of Shaolin Temple towards monks who come to the temple to pay their bills: just eat, no matter where they live, they will not receive monks who come to pay their bills.

? Hammer spectrum hall, located on the west side of the first hospital of Shaolin Temple, was originally named Damosi Laitang, also known as the West Hospital of Shaolin Temple. It was originally founded by the real monks of Shaolin Temple, and it is one of the eighteen halls around the modern Shaolin Temple. 1928 was set on fire by warlord Shi Yousan. 1985 was rebuilt and expanded into a long corridor quadrangle. Later, the temple of dharma protector was built in the courtyard for the statue of the dharma protector. There are 2 15 hammer spectrum statues on the promenade of Hammer Spectrum Museum, which show the origin, development, essential routines, monk-soldier battles and martial arts activities of Shaolin Wushu.

? Ciyun Temple, located on the east side of the First Hospital of Shaolin Temple, was originally named Ciyun Temple. It was built in the 25th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (A.D. 1686) and rebuilt in 1984. After 2000, a pavilion-style hall "Guanyin Pavilion" was built in the center of the courtyard, with double cornices, lattice doors and windows, and upper and lower floors. This pavilion is dedicated to. There are more than 100 stone carvings in the corridor of the hospital, and calligraphy, painting and sculpture are all highly accomplished.

? The temple of the king was originally the mountain gate when Shaolin Temple was built. In the 13th year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1735), Shaolin Temple was ordered to build a new mountain gate, and the original mountain gate was converted into today's Tennoja. Tianwang Temple, with five rooms wide and four rooms deep, has three doors: front, middle and back, which should be the three-door structure when it was a mountain gate. There are still single doors on the left and right sides of the main hall, inlaid with hard mountain glazed tiles.

? Two generals, huh, huh, stood in the left and right compartments in front of the temple, all naked and glaring, which was terrible. One has indigo skin, the other is red and brown; Right hand pestle, right hand pestle; One shuts up and mumbles, the other opens his mouth and breathes. It is said that they can capture the enemy in their own hands between grunting and grunting, so they are called two generals with grunting. Maybe they were forgotten here after the new mountain gate was built.

? Above the middle gate, the plaque of "the first ancestral court in the world" is hung high, which is the imperial pen of Qianlong. The plaque is engraved with "Imperial Pen", and there is a circular seal with two seals under it.

? Through the middle gate, there are four statues of heavenly kings on the left and right sides of the main hall, namely the king of the East, the king of the South, the king of the West and the king of the North. The Four Heavenly Kings, also known as the Four donkey kong, are the protectors in Buddhist legends.

? Between the Mountain Gate and the Tianwang Temple, there are many kinds of stone tablets on the east and west sides of the Mountain Gate Tunnel. There are 1 1 in the east and 13 in the west, which is called Shaolin Temple stele forest. These stone tablets are famous primitive stone tablets since the Tang and Song Dynasties.

? The Bell Tower, located in the Second Hospital of Shaolin Temple, is a pavilion-like building with three rooms wide and three rooms deep, four floors up and down and ten feet high. It was built in Zheng Zhi, Yuan Shundi for five years (A.D. 1345) and rebuilt on the original site in 1994. This clock was cast in the 4th year of Jin Zhangzong Taihe (AD 1204) and made of iron. 1995 was recast according to the prototype, and it was made of copper, with a height of 2m, a caliber of 1.7m and a weight of 6.5t An iron statue of the Bodhisattva of the King of the Earth was dedicated to the Buddha on the first floor of the bell tower, with a height of 1.75.

? The height and shape of the Drum Tower are the same as those of the Bell Tower. It is located in the south of the west side of the Ursa Major Hall, opposite the bell tower. The Drum Tower, formerly known as the Wheel Pavilion, was built in the fourth year of Yuan Dade (A.D. 1300). During the renovation of Shaolin Temple in the 13th year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1735), the rebuilt Runwheel Pavilion was renamed as "Drum Tower" because a huge drum was put upstairs. Drum Tower was also destroyed by fire on 1928. Now the Drum Tower has been rebuilt from 1996 to 1998.

? Located on the east side of the temple tunnel, the stele gallery displays 124 tablets of Shaolin Temple inscriptions since the Northern Qi Dynasty, which is really a rich treasure house of calligraphy art.

? The statue of the cloth bag monk is said to be the incarnation of Maitreya Buddha, and the prototype is the Changting monk of the Five Dynasties. When he died, he left a sigh: Maitreya Buddha is really Maitreya Buddha, and it has been shown to the world, and the world does not know it.

The plaque where Ganlong stayed in Shaolin Temple, Aisin Gioro? When Li Hong stayed in Shaolin Temple on September 30th, 15th year of Qianlong, he wrote: See Zhongyue tomorrow and stay in Shaolin tonight. The heart is pure according to the Six Zen, and the temple is deep according to Qian Shan. The ancient style of the tree lingers, and the earth spirit turns cloudy at dusk. I should teach the banyan tree rain and send me night window songs.

The main building of Shaolin Temple, Daxiong Hall, is also known as the three halls of Buddhism together with the Tianwang Hall and the Tibetan Classics Pavilion. It is impossible to know when it was established. The original building was destroyed in a fire in 1928, and was rebuilt on the original site in 1984. Five rooms are wide and four rooms are deep, and the height is 19 meters. It is called Daxiong Hall because it is dedicated to Sakyamuni, and its German name is Daxiong. In the center of the temple is the Tathagata Buddha of Sakyamuni, the past Buddha and the Oriental Pure Glass World Pharmacist Buddha on the left, and the future Buddha Amitabha on the right.

? Buddhist Scripture Pavilion, formerly known as Shaolin Temple Buddhist Temple, was built in the Yuan Dynasty to Mindfulness, about 1345. The original building, together with precious Buddhist scriptures and precious cultural relics, was burned in the fire during the warlord scuffle from 65438 to 0928. 1992 was rebuilt according to the original system, with five rooms wide and three rooms deep. This is a magnificent hall, with blue tiles, arched eaves, carved beams and painted buildings, and nine ridges on the top of the mountain. A giant white jade reclining Buddha with a length of 7 meters and a weight of 16.5 tons is enshrined in the shrine, which was presented by Myanmar Buddhist Yang Guangfo in 1997.

? Behind the Sutra Pavilion, the terrain is outstanding, and the whole abbot courtyard is built on a high platform, which is the fifth courtyard of Shaolin Temple. The abbot's room, facing south, is five rooms wide and three rooms deep, which is where the abbot of Shaolin Temple lives and is in charge. On September 30th, the 15th year of Qianlong (AD 1750), when Emperor Qianlong visited Songshan Mountain, he took the abbot's room as his palace and stayed in the temple. In front of the abbot's house stood a round bronze tripod with three feet and two ears. At the eastern end of the corridor, an iron clock of the Yuan Dynasty hangs in the abbot's room.

? In the abbot's courtyard, a few feet tall Cooper and thick Ling Xiao are tightly intertwined, forming the phenomenon that Ling Xiao and cypress are stacked together.

? Li Xueguan was built in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties at the latest. The existing buildings were rebuilt in the seventh year of Zheng De in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 15 12). It is a single-eave building with three rooms wide and three rooms deep, with a total height of 8.829 meters. Built on a 20-foot-high stone pier, it is surrounded by stone fences and has 27 vertical stone steps for going up and down. Li Xuege, formerly known as Chu Zu Dian, is also known as Dharma Pavilion. It is said that Li Xueting was originally the name of the pavilions on both sides of the ancestral hall. Later, the two pavilions were completely destroyed, and the plaque of Li Xueting was moved to the ancestral hall, so the ancestral hall became today's Li Xueting.

? Shaolin bookstore

? Manjusri Hall is located in the east of Li Xue Hall, opposite to Pu Xian Hall in the west. Rebuilt in 1985, sitting east to west, with three rooms wide, it is a hard mountain building with a porch in front. There is a statue of Manjusri Bodhisattva riding a green lion in the temple, and there are two boys on the left and right. Manjusri Bodhisattva, Guanyin, Dizang and Pu Xian are also called the four major Buddhists in China, with Wutai Mountain as its Dojo.

Pu Xian Hall, located on the east and west sides, is three rooms wide and has the same architectural shape as Manjusri Hall. Bodhisattva samantabhadra is enshrined in the temple, and Mount Emei in Sichuan is its Dojo. Bodhisattva Samantabhadra mounts a white elephant with six ivory tusks, which symbolizes Pu Xian's willingness to make great achievements. Samantabhadra Bodhisattva is the representative of Mahayana Bodhisattva, symbolizing the spirit of Mahayana Buddhism, and is also called "Hua Yan San Sheng" with Buddha and Manjusri Bodhisattva.

Xixian Hall, also known as Thousand Buddhas Hall, is the last building of Shaolin Temple. Seven rooms are wide, three rooms are deep and more than 20 meters high, with red walls and blue tiles, five ridges and two slopes, and a large hard mountain building with a bucket arch. Built in the 16th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1588), it is the largest existing building in Shaolin Temple. Western saints are the honorifics of the Buddha in Buddhism. Because the Buddha came from the west, this hall is called Pilu Hall, because it is a three-meter-high bronze statue dedicated to Sakyamuni Buddha. Because of the large-scale mural painting of the Ming Dynasty, "Five Hundred Arhats Against Pilu", it is also called the Thousand Buddha Hall.

? Six Ancestors Hall, sitting west facing east, is three rooms wide, five rooms deep, five ridges and two slopes, and it is a single-eave hanging mountain-like building imitating the Yuan Dynasty. The original building was built in the sixth year of Jintaihe (AD 1206). The present building was rebuilt by 1983 on the basis of the original temple. From left to right, the Sixth Ancestral Hall is dedicated to the statues of five bodhisattvas, namely, the Great Trend Bodhisattva, Manjusri Bodhisattva, Guanyin Bodhisattva, Samantabhadra Bodhisattva and Earth Treasure Bodhisattva. The Beishan Wall is the statue of the ancestor Dharma, the third ancestor and the fifth ancestor Hongren, while the Nanshan Wall is the painted statue of the second ancestor Hui Ke, the fourth ancestor Daoxin and the sixth ancestor Huineng, which shows that the six ancestors of Zen worship Bodhisattva.

? All beings in the temple

? Gongde water, the boiling water room of Shaolin Temple, provides boiled water for tourists.

? The living room is a place to receive guests. Hall column couplets: Fa Yu was noted by Huaxia in Dongyue Ze; Ciyun comes from Zen martial arts in the West Pole.

Tallinn, located about 300 meters west of Shaolin Temple, covers an area of about 20,000 square meters. It is a building complex where abbots, monks and monks of Shaolin Temple bury their spiritual bones after their death. There are 228 complete masonry tombs from Sui and Tang Dynasties to Qing Dynasty. The towers in Tallinn have different heights and shapes, but each tower has underground palace, pedestal, tower body, tower gate and other parts. Tasha is the decoration of the top of the tower, which means "Buddha country" in Buddhism.

? In addition to the tower gate, there is a tower forehead on the front of each tower, indicating the name of the tower owner, and some are also engraved with the portrait of the tower owner; Some towers have inscriptions and inscriptions behind them, which describe the life of the deceased and praise the deceased; Some monks set up stone tablets beside the Dade Pagoda to tell the merits and demerits of their lives.

? "The first brake in the world" stone archway, with four columns and three doors, has a roof structure on the third floor. The plaques on the left and right sides are "Wulin resort" and "Zen ancestral hall" respectively. The couplet of the gate post in Shifang: the Zen forest at the foot of Shaoshi Mountain is quiet, and the bell rings before the peak. Lian Fang on the back of the stone archway: Nine-year Zen ancestor, 500 monks stationed in the martial arts school. The two couplets on the front and back clearly illustrate the location and historical origin of Shaolin Temple and the characteristics of Zen and Wushu. It is said that the ticket gate of Shaolin Temple scenic spot was located in this archway in the early years.

? The Shaolin Temple Wushu Hall complex in Songshan Mountain was jointly built by the Tourism Bureau and the Henan Provincial Government on 1988. The main infrastructure includes martial arts hall, practice room, Shaolin Zen culture stone carving hall, Zen House International Hotel and office building. Shaolin Wushu performances are held regularly in the martial arts school every day. Most of the participants in the martial arts performances are students from the surrounding Shaolin Wushu schools, and have nothing to do with Shaolin Temple.

On the last day of April, it was as hot as a dog.