The characteristics of the ancient village of Cuandixia Village

The word "Cuan" under Cuan has thirty strokes and is pronounced as cuàn. To facilitate memory, it can be separated and said: Xing at the beginning, Lin at the waist, and fire at the bottom of the big character, Huoshao. Lin, the more it burns, the more prosperous it is. Isn't it very hot? The people in Cuandi all have the surname Han. The homophone (cold) means cold. Cold and heat can complement each other in the five elements. Everything in the universe has heaven and earth, and there is sun. There is the moon, there must be men and women, and there must be heat when there is cold. Therefore, Cuandixia Village has been glorious in history.

The word "Cuan" is interpreted from the literal meaning as: family, never divided into Cuan, that is, never divided into families. For: stove, to light the fire and cook. The surname is Cuan. There is Cuanjiazhuang in Qishan County, Shaanxi Province. More than a thousand people in the village have the surname Cuan. This character is difficult to write and difficult to recognize. If you can write it, it will become Cuan, but if you cannot write it, it will form one piece. Therefore, the homophonic word "Chuan" is used to replace it, but it still has the pronunciation Cuan. As early as 1942, in order to facilitate the communication of anti-Japanese cadres, especially anti-Japanese cadres from other places, "Cuan" was changed to "Sichuan". Cuan and Sichuan were used together until the late 1950s, and the word "Cuan" was basically no longer needed. After the tourism development in 1995 , the word Cuan shines brightly again. The courtyard houses in Cuandixia have similarities and differences with those in the capital. The size of the main room, the size of the wing rooms, where the gatehouse opens, and where the central axis is are all determined by Feng Shui. The blue dragon on the left, the white tiger on the right, the red bird on the front, and the Xuanwu on the back have the same architectural ideas. In terms of craftsmanship, we also pay attention to dry grinding and fine grinding, and the bricks are ground to the seams. The difference is that the east and west wing rooms are retracted towards the center of the courtyard to reduce the area occupied. In the second courtyard, on the central axis of the inner house and the outer house, there are no hanging flower doors, but three five-purlined hall rooms to improve land utilization. Rate. There are two doors on the east side of the main hall, and the main door is in the southeast corner of the front yard. Rainwater is discharged from the hole on the left side of the gate.

Most of the main rooms and side rooms in the Cuandixi courtyard have four beams and eight columns, and the side rooms have three beams and six columns. The four corners of the wall are hard, and the roof has a double-slope hard mountain clear water ridge, with scorpion tails rising from both ends of the ridge. Flower and plant trays are placed underneath, tiles, stone or wooden balconies, and brick wall skirts. There are many variations in the lattice of doors and windows: I-shaped brocade, lantern brocade, large square grid, turtle-back brocade, baby's breath, one horse and three arrows, and oblique lattice characters, etc. The foundation is entirely made of strips of stone, and there are windward cover plates under the wall legs on both sides of the house. The stone carving patterns are numerous and not the same, including large squares, diagonal squares, water ripples, or flower auspicious words, etc. Cuandixia people focus on farming and reading, and at the same time they also pay attention to Feng Shui. The surrounding environment of the village is in perfect harmony with Feng Shui theory. In the long history, working people have summarized and accumulated very profound Feng Shui theories and formed different schools in order to pray for rich production results and comfortable living conditions. And these theories, no matter which genre, are affecting, guiding, and regulating people's production and life to a greater or lesser extent. At the same time, no matter what kind of school, it is inseparable from the seven elements of the original Feng Shui theory: left green dragon, right white tiger, front vermilion bird, back Xuanwu, wind, water, Yingchen. It's just that some focus on "situation", while others focus on "regulating Qi".

On the left side of Cuandixia Village are Inner Qinglong Mountain, Dongpo Liang, Wai Qinglong Mountain, and Cheayu Dongpo Liang. These two Qinglong Mountains are majestic and winding. What is amazing is that the inner Qinglong Mountain has three groups of hills rising out of the ups and downs, which look like three auspicious animals. That is: Crouching Tiger, lying with his head turned and looking at the whole village. Tiger, the king of beasts, is Lu. Turtle, the divine turtle roars to the sky, looks up to the sky and roars, turtle, for longevity. Bats bring blessings, flying here, bats, for blessings. The stars of good fortune and longevity shine upon the ancient village.

On the right side of Cuandixia Village are Neibaihu Mountain, the northern slope of Lengzi, Waibaihu Mountain, and the northern slope of Baiyu Tai. These two Baihu Mountains follow the trend and do not rise sharply, especially the Neibaihu Mountain. Once the mountain falls to the bottom, it is extremely tame. It was the green dragon on the left who raised his head, and the white tiger on the right who lowered his head.

The intersection of Liangqinglong Mountain and Liangbaihu Mountain at the top of the beam on the east slope of Baiyu Terrace is the ancestral mountain: Xuanwu. It stretched out its arms to hug Cuan Xixia, shielding the village from the cold to the west, and holding the yin in its arms while embracing the yang. The most amazing thing is that there is a mountain ridge hanging down from the left side of Zushan. It is made of red sandstone. When it falls flat, it is completely filled with loess. When it rises slightly, it forms a round hill. The red sand mountain ridge is the dragon's spine, the terraces on both sides are the dragon's scales, the loess is the dragon's neck, and the hills are the dragon's head. But under the dragon head is the village's bright hall, with the village spread out on both sides with the bright hall as its axis. The combination of the village and the dragon's head, and the dragon's head and the ancestral mountain is so ingenious, so friendly, and so miraculous. The southern slope of the mountain opposite Cuandixia Village is Zhuque Mountain. It drops from Bijia Mountain in the southwest to the southeast, levels out opposite the village, and then drops suddenly to the left in front of the village. It confronts Qinglong Mountain and surrounds the village to form a water outlet with strong locking force. The red bird is likened to a bird, and its posture is like flying and dancing, which is auspicious. The southern slope is flat and spectacular, with no trace of evil, lush jungle, green and beautiful. Although the eastern mountain top is slightly lower, there is a row of green cypresses standing proudly and dancing gracefully with the mountain.

There is a peak on the south slope in front of the village behind the beam that is evenly straight and pointed like a writing brush, but it can only be seen from outside the village. It is called the brush point facing outward. People with a brush peak admire literature, and only those with education can become officials, so the brush Feng Chaowai gave birth to many high-ranking officials under Cuan who served across the country. It can really be said: Bifeng is like a forest of foreign officials.

"Wind" and "water" are also extremely important in Feng Shui theory. Flowers will not bloom without wind, rain will not come without wind, and the air will be dull even if there is no wind. Strong wind, strong wind, biting wind, and strong wind are not good, but spring breeze, gentle breeze, soft wind, and gentle wind are very good. The mountains below Cuandi can resist the strong northwest wind and enjoy the breeze blowing on your face. Water is the source of all things. Cuandizi Village is located in the middle and lower part of the northwest ditch of Zhaitang. The upper part is 10 kilometers away from Baiyu Huangcaoliang. It is an incoming water. "The water comes from the dry side, the Tianmen is open, and the source of the stream is long and the source of wealth is prosperous." The lower part is 6 kilometers away from the national highway and is an outflowing water. "Xunda When water comes out, the households in the land will be closed and their wealth will be inexhaustible.

"In the northwest of the village, there is the spring of Mahuaergou on the left, the river of Huangcaoliang in the middle, and the spring of Cuanbaoyu on the right. The three waters (which existed a long time ago but have dried up in recent decades) converge from the northwest and go straight to the south slope. The roots follow the trend to the east, and then turn to the southeast in an arc, "surrounded by mountains and water, there must be energy." On the left of the village, there is the spring water in the donggou, on the right side of the village, the rainwater in the back yard, in front of the village, Qiao. There are two wells (longan) facing the faucet. The water in the crown can nourish the village and benefit all things. The water can gather energy, collect wealth, and ward off evil spirits and bring good luck. , the 100-meter-long South Lake (a line of sky) is like a trumpet, absorbing the purple energy from the east, and brings auspiciousness into the house. Half a kilometer below the village, a beam (Menchaling) extends from Bifeng Mountain into the east mountain, locking the God of Wealth at home in the mountainous area. , there are many villages surrounded by mountains, but it is rare to find such feng shui elements as Cuandixia. It is rare to be praised everywhere. No matter how much superstition the feng shui theory contains, the people of Cuandixia are beautiful. With the blessings of the natural environment, the villagers are handsome, hard-working and intelligent, and have abundant financial resources. They are famous in the west of Beijing and have good luck in officialdom.

There are three gods on the top of the east mountain. The stars of fortune, wealth and longevity shine on the ancient village. Their backs are on the dragon head, and the pen peak faces the official like a forest.

The top has a copper head to absorb the purple energy, and the bottom has a door lock and a god of wealth. The glory of the past has gone with the wind, and spring has returned at the turn of the century. Cuandixia Village

Recommended level ★★★★

Cuandixia Village is located in the deep mountain valley in the western Beijing mountains. There are 500 rooms and more than 70 sets of courtyard houses from the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The entire village retains a relatively complete group of ancient buildings. It is located on the gentle slope on the north side, built against the mountain, and rises layer by layer. The village has a winding east-west direction. The alleys made of purple stones and bluestones look elegant and beautiful. The village is divided into upper and lower floors with clear lines. It is called the "Potala Palace" in Beijing.

Characteristics: Residential photography

Transportation directions: Located in Mentougou District, there is a direct bus to Cuandixia Village at Pingguoyuan Station. If there are many people, you can also charter a bus to go there. It takes about 2 hours on a single line.

Opening hours: all day

Tickets: 35 yuan/person

Yongding River Canyon

Recommended level ★★★

From Mentougou area On the way to Yanchi, the car is driving through the Yongding River Gorge, one of the three largest canyons in western Beijing. The scenery in the valley is gentle and delicate, which can create an atmosphere of exploring ancient times.

Nature: Landscape Photography

The "One Line of Sky" in West Beijing

Recommendation Level ★★★★

About 3 kilometers north of Cuandixia Village is Xiaobeigou, known as the "One Line of Sky" in West Beijing The valley, which the locals call Sichuan Bottom Ankou, is integrated with the village, like the neck of a treasure gourd, protecting this remote village.

Nature: Landscape Photography

Tickets. : None Tickets: 35 yuan

Free for children under 1.2 meters, 18 yuan/person for college, middle and primary school students with student ID cards, and 18 yuan/person for senior citizens with senior citizen ID cards.

Free admission for journalists, tour guides, retired certificates, disability certificates, and active military personnel. 1. Bus + Taxi:

Go to:

Take the 892 subway at Pingguoyuan Station West from 6:30-17:50 to Zhaitang, ***39 stop, approx. It takes 3 hours and 50 minutes to arrive at Zhaitang. It is said that there is an 8-kilometer road to go from Zhaitang to Cuanbai Scenic Area and then to Cuandixia Village. You need to get off at Zhaitang and transfer to a taxi. It is said that Zhaitang goes to Cuandixia. Taxi service costs 15 yuan, you can negotiate the price.

Reply:

Take 892 from Zhaitang to the west of Pingguoyuan Station of the subway. Generally, there is one bus every half hour from 7:30-10:00 in the morning, and 3:00-5 in the afternoon. One bus runs half an hour after: 00, only available on Saturdays and Sundays during holidays. Normally, there are usually 2 buses a day. If you want to get a seat, it is best to wait at the entrance of the village before the bus arrives, and carry forward the spirit of daring to grab and fight.

2. Chartered car:

At the Pingguoyuan subway entrance or the 929 bus station, there will be countless car owners there to pull people, whether it is Cuandixia, Lingshan or Baihuashan, Xiali, Songhuajiang and Jinbei generally cost 25 yuan per person to reach the destination. Of course, the owner will not set off until the whole car is filled with people. This is also a good way if you don’t have the patience to wait for the bus.

When returning to the city, there are usually black cars waiting for passengers at the entrance of the village.

3. Self-driving car

Control your own round trip time, the best way to travel. Follow National Highway 109 until you get off the national highway at kilometer 84.9 and go straight for 5 kilometers. There are 44 households in the village, almost all of which are inns. It is said that accommodation is tight during the holidays, so it is best to find an inn before noon, or make a reservation before going. Otherwise, if you look for it at night, you will be really blind. The price of the room will vary greatly depending on the high season and low season.

The most elegant inn in the village is undoubtedly the Caizhuyuan Inn in Guangliangyuan (Guangliangyuan is the highest-level courtyard in Cuandixia Village. This group of courtyards is composed of a group of independent and relatively complete two-indoor courtyards. The courtyard is composed of two horizontally connected independent first-entry courtyards and a second-entry courtyard with a backyard). The only pity is that there is only one room with an old-style kang, which can accommodate 2-4 people. Those who want to sleep on the kang in winter need to make a reservation. No matter how many people you stay, it is usually 40 yuan per day.

The old couple are very simple and funny. They visit the courtyard for free. They greet the tourists enthusiastically and talk about the history of Guangliang Yuan. When it’s cold, they go into their bedroom to cook on the stove. When they’re hungry, they let them fry two dishes, bake a pancake or Make a bowl of noodles, the food is very fresh, the portion is large and the taste is good. There are many people going to Cuandixia during holidays and weekends. It is a bit noisy during the day and it feels like there are people everywhere, but it is still nice at night. The cool breeze is very comfortable. It should be a good place to escape the heat in summer.

For those who love mountains and rivers, or like mountain climbing, Cuandixia may be boring to you. "It's nothing more than some stone houses, humanities and history."

There are not many specialties in Cuandixia, especially on May Day. But I heard from the owner of the inn that there will be fresh crabapples in autumn, and there will also be particularly mellow honey produced by the villagers.

There is a small shop selling handicrafts at the foot of the mountain. There are many unique things that you can browse.

The local tourism policy is very good. Every inn is equipped with computers. It is very convenient to access the Internet in such a remote place. Choose the method that suits you according to your own play purposes and mood.

1. See the historical sites, eat farm food, don’t want to spend the night there:

Start early in the morning, walk up and down the village, find a farmhouse to eat farm food, and spend the afternoon It only takes an hour to visit the Guandi Temple and the Niangniang Temple on the opposite mountain, and see the whole village on the opposite mountain. If you have time, you can also go to Yixiantian. You can walk straight along the road and it takes less than an hour to get there.

2. Experience the folk customs, have enough time to rest quietly, and spend a few days away from the city life:

In addition to all the things to see in the scenic spot, the most important thing is Find a farmhouse to stay, take a stroll, walk around, chat with the villagers, swing at the foot of the mountain, and be in a daze as long as you want. Time is wasted at this time, this is rest. The wild hillside behind the village is a good place for walking and relaxing. The slope is not big, but the view is very good. There is an ancient plank road where you can practice your foot strength.

3. If you are satisfied with outdoor sports, then go to nearby Huangcaoliang to see the alpine meadows and beautiful flowers, shout a few times to the mountains, and then hum a little tune and have a small bottle of Erguotou , and the old sheep-herding man returned to the ingot-shaped village like a fool. The round trip takes 5-6 hours. There are many people going to Cuandixia during holidays and weekends. It is a bit noisy during the day and it feels like there are people everywhere, but it is still nice at night. The cool breeze is very comfortable. It should be a good place to escape the heat in summer.

For those who love mountains and rivers, or like mountain climbing, Cuandixia may be boring to you. "It's just some stone houses, humanities and history."

There are not many specialties in Cuandixia, especially on May Day. But I heard from the owner of the inn that there will be fresh crabapples in autumn, and there will also be particularly rich honey produced by the villagers.

There is a small shop selling handicrafts at the foot of the mountain. There are many unique things that you can browse.

The local tourism policy is very good. Every inn is equipped with computers. It is very convenient to access the Internet in such a remote place. The history of Cuandixia Village is worth discussing, and the well-preserved ancient buildings of the Ming and Qing Dynasties are even more eye-catching. I recommend that you read this post before traveling to have a deeper understanding of those rare old houses.

Summary: The mountain courtyard in Cuandixia Village, located in the deep mountains and canyons of western Beijing, has the basic structure of Beijing courtyards and the general characteristics of traditional courtyard space as the core, that is, it is open inward and outward. In addition to being closed, with strict spatial order, an obvious central axis, and strict hierarchical divisions in each room, influenced by the natural environment, the courtyards in Cuandixia Village are small and exquisite, change with the terrain, and have irregular shapes. Features such as using local materials make it unique.