Where is Slovenia in Europe? Is this country rich?

country name: Slovenia * * * and the Republic of Slovenia

national flag: it is a horizontal rectangle with the ratio of length to width of 2: 1. It consists of three parallel and equal horizontal rectangles, which are white, blue and red from top to bottom. The national emblem is painted on the upper left corner of the flag. Slovenia declared its independence from the former Yugoslavia in 1991 and became an independent sovereign country. In 1992, Slovenia officially adopted the above-mentioned national flag.

national emblem: it is the coat of arms. The shield is blue, with three yellow six-pointed stars at the top, white and blue ripples at the bottom and three white peaks in the middle, symbolizing the highest peak in the country-Trigraff Peak at an altitude of 2,864 meters.

physical geography: it is located in south-central Europe, at the northwest end of Balkan Peninsula, between Alps and Adriatic Sea, in the northwest of former Yugoslavia, bordering Croatia in the east and south, Adriatic Sea in the southwest, Italy in the west and Austria and Hungary in the north. It covers an area of 2273 square kilometers. 52% of the area is covered by dense forests. The coastline is 46. 6 kilometers long. Slovenian Alps in the northwest and limestone plateau in the south. The Delaware River and the upper reaches of sava river flow through, and the valley plains account for one-fifth of the country's total area. Tregraff Peak is the highest mountain in China, with an altitude of 2,864 meters. The most famous lake is Lake Brad. Climate is divided into mountain climate, continental climate and Mediterranean climate. The average temperature is 21℃ in summer and ℃ in winter.

population: 1.988 million (December 1999). Slovenes (87.9%), Hungarians (.43%), Italians (.16%) and the rest (11.6%) are the main ethnic groups. The official language is Slovenian. The main religion is Catholicism.

capital: Ljubljana is the capital and political and cultural center of Slovenia. Located in the upper reaches of sava river in the north of the west, surrounded by mountains, it is foggy. It covers an area of 92 square kilometers and has a population of about 272, (1995).

in the first century BC, the Romans built the city, which was called "Armona", but it was renamed in the 12th century. Because of its geographical location

close to the border, it was influenced by Austria and Italy in history. 189-1813 was a

local administrative center in France. In 1821, Austria, Russia, Poland, France, Britain and other countries held a meeting here to become members of the "holy alliance". The 19th century was the center of Slovenian national movement. It has belonged to Yugoslavia since 1919. In 1895, there was an earthquake, which was severely damaged. Only some important buildings were preserved, such as the ruins of the ancient Roman city in the 3rd and 4th centuries BC, St Nicholas's Cathedral in the 18th century, the Music Hall built in 172, and some baroque buildings in the 17th century.

Ljubljana is well-developed in cultural undertakings, with the famous Slovenian Academy of Arts and Sciences, and its galleries, libraries and national museums are well-known in China. The University of Ljubljana, founded in 1595, was named after Kardelj, Edvard, a revolutionary and politician in the 2th century. College students in this city account for 1/1 of the population of the whole city, so it is called "University Town". There are also theological seminary (1919) and three fine arts colleges, Slovenian Academy of Science and Fine Arts and Metallurgical Research Institute.

The industry mainly produces hydro-generators, textiles, alumina, paper, newsprint, leather products,

household appliances, chemicals and medicines.

Ljubljana has been a traffic artery since ancient times, and it is still an international railway hub for Slovenia to Italy, Austria and

Balkan countries.

Ljubljana is the first city in the world to install heating equipment on the streets of urban areas, and there are no traces of snow and ice on the streets in winter.

State dignitaries: President Janez? Janez Drnovsek, elected in December 22; Prime Minister Janez? Yang Sha was elected in November 24.

brief history: at the end of 6th century, Slavs migrated to present-day Slovenia. In the 7th century, Slovenia belonged to the feudal kingdom of Samo. By Frank rule the kingdom in the 8th century. From 869 to 874 AD, an independent Slovenian state was established in Panno Plain. Since then, Slovenia has changed hands several times and was ruled by Habsburg, Turkey and Austria-Hungary. At the end of 1918, Slovenia and some other southern Slavic peoples jointly established the Serbian-Croatian-Slovenian Kingdom, which was renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929. In 1941, German and Italian fascists invaded Yugoslavia. In 1945, the people of all ethnic groups in Yugoslavia won the anti-fascist war, and on November 29 of the same year, they declared the establishment of the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (renamed the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1963), and Slovenia was one of them. In May 199, Slovenia held its first multi-party general election after World War II, and the Democratic League of Slovenia came to power. On June 25, 1991, the Slovenian parliament passed a resolution declaring that it would become an independent sovereign state from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Joined the United Nations on May 22nd, 1992.

Politics: The new Constitution promulgated on December 23, 1991 stipulates that the President shall be elected by direct universal suffrage for a term of five years, with a maximum of two consecutive terms. Parliament is bicameral, called National Assembly and National Consultative Conference. The National Assembly, as the main legislative body, consists of 9 members, who are directly elected by secret ballot for a term of four years. On behalf of citizens and society, the National Consultative Conference exercises supervisory power and has veto power. Its term of office is five years, and it is composed of 4 members. The government is the executive organ of state power, with a term of four years.

economy: it is a moderately developed country with a good industrial and technological foundation. Mineral resources are poor, mainly including mercury, coal, lead and zinc. There are abundant forest and water resources, and the forest coverage rate is 49. 7%. In 2, gross industrial output value accounted for 37. 5% of GDP, and the employed population was 337,, accounting for 37. 8% of the total employed population. The industrial sectors are mainly ferrous metallurgy, papermaking, pharmacy, furniture manufacturing, shoemaking and food processing. Export occupies an important position in the national economy, and its output value accounts for more than half of the gross national product. The main trade targets are EU countries, followed by former Yugoslavia and China-EU Free Trade Agreement countries. Attach importance to the development of tourism. The main tourist areas are the Adriatic coast and the northern Alps, and the main tourist spots are the Trigraff Mountain Natural Scenic Area, Lake Bled and the Bostoina Cave.

Military: The Slovenian territorial defence force was formally established in June 1991, and was renamed the Slovenian Army in October 1993. According to the Constitution of Sri Lanka, the President is the supreme commander of the national armed forces. The compulsory military service system is implemented, and the service period is seven months.

press and publication: in 2, there were 1558 kinds of various publications, including 6 kinds of daily newspapers, 48 kinds of weekly newspapers and 325 kinds of monthly newspapers. The main newspapers, such as Labor, * * * and National, Daily News, Evening News and Slovenian, are published in Slovenian. Slovenia News Agency is the national news agency (STA). There are 28 radio stations and 2 TV centers in China. In addition, there are more than twenty local cable TV stations.

diplomacy: it advocates developing relations with other countries on the basis of mutual respect for sovereignty, equality and mutual benefit. Committed to joining the EU and NATO, actively developing good-neighborly and friendly relations and striving to maintain friendly and cooperative relations with world powers are the basic points of Sri Lanka's foreign policy.

Relations with China: On April 27th, 1992, China announced its recognition of the Slovenian Republic, and on May 12th of the same year, China and Slovakia established diplomatic relations.

1. Slovenians

It is generally said that the ancestors of Slovenes were ancient Slavs. Around 57 AD, THE SLAVIC TRIBES began to live in the area between the ALPS and THE ADRIATIC SEA. During the period from 623 to 658, Slavic tribes in the area between THE UPPER ELBE RIVER and the KARAVANKE Mountains United under the leadership of KING SAMO and established their first country (the Grand Duchy of Samo). The tribal alliance collapsed after the death of Archduke Samo. However, a smaller Slavic country, the DUCHY OF KARANTANIA or KARANTANIJA (today's CARINTHIA), continued. The center of this country is in Carinthia (most of Carinthia is now in Austria), which was the first country established by Slovenians. Due to the strong pressure from AVARS in the east, CARINTHIANS formed an alliance with BAVARIANS in 745, and then they recognized the suzerainty of FRANKISH and accepted Christianity in the 8th century. THE PRINCIPALITY OF PRINCE KOCELJ, the last independent Slavic regime in this region, existed in 869 -874, but lost its independent status in 874. The national territory of Slovenes was swallowed by the GERMANS in the west, and gradually settled with the arrival of HUNGARIANS in pannonian plain. It lasted until the 15th century.

Second, Slovenian

The earliest document recorded in Slovenian was FREISING MANUSCRIPTS, dated between 972 and 122, which were discovered in Freising, Germany in 183. The first book printed in Slovenian was "CATTECHISMUS AND ABECEDARIUM", which was written by the Protestant PRIMOZ TRUBAR in 155 and printed in the German city of TUBINGEN. JURIJ DALMATIN translated the BIBLE into Slovenian in 1584. In the mid-16th century, Slovenian was known to other European languages through the MULTILINGUAL DISTIONARY compiled by HIERONYMUS MEGISAR.

III. Ancient History (1) At the beginning, the ethnic territory of Slovenes was called SCLAVInia, and the residents in this Slavinia were called Slavi. When the population of Slovenes reached its maximum population density in Karantania, they were also called KARANTACI. Slovenian was developed by Slovenian Protestant writers in THE PRINCE OF CARNIOLA, which was rooted in Slovenians' rapid identification with Carniola and Carniola. Slovenes' national territory was defined in the 6th century and expanded to its peak in the 9th century. This area extends from the BAY OF TRIESTE to the south of DANUBE RIVER and the west of LAKE BALATON. The national territory of Slovenians was subsequently reduced by Germanization in the west and the arrival of Hungarians in pannonian plain in the north. The territorial boundary of Slovenia was fixed in the 15th century and did not change until the middle of 19th century. Y2t/} F g

IV. Ancient history (2)

After LOMBARDS invaded Italy in 568, Slavic tribes and Avars began to colonize western pannonian plain and the eastern Alps. Their progress was blocked by the LOMBARDS LIMES on the eastern edge of FRIULIAN LOWLAND. And in the upstream direction along the DRAVA RIVER (also known as the DRAU River), we fought the Bavarians. Until the end of the 7th century, Slavs in this area were under the rule of Avars. During the period from 623 to 658, Slavic tribes between the lower Elbe River and the Karavank Mountains established their first country under the leadership of Grand Duke Samo. The grand duchy collapsed after Samo's death, but a principality of Kalantania is still preserved in today's Carinthia region. In the middle of the 7th century, it developed into the first Slovenian country, ruled by PRINCE VALUK, and its center was in KRN CASTLE next to MARIA SAAL. After forming an alliance with Bavarians and fighting the Avars, Slovenians had to accept the rule of Franks and believe in Christianity in the middle of the 8th century. In 83, this church area was divided into THE SALZBURG ARCHDIOCESE and THE PATRIARCHATE OF AQUILEIA along the Delaware River, and this division continued until the 18th century. The Kingdom of awar collapsed in the early 19th century, and Slovenes expanded from the Alps to LOWER PANNONIAN PLAIN and ISTRIA. After THE TREATY OF VERDUN of FRANKISH STATES was divided in 843, all Slovenians were united under the rule of Franks. Around 84, PRINCE PRIBINA acquired this feudal territory from the Franks, and the center of the territory was Balaton Castle, which was built at THE MOUTH OF THE ZALA RIVER near Lake Balaton. Influenced by THE BYZANTINE MISSIONARIES CYRIL and METHODIUS, Kozeji, the successor of Pribina, alienated from Bishop Frank and established an independent principality.