The Origin and Customs of March 3rd of Zhuang Nationality

The third day of the third lunar month is a festival of Zhuang nationality, which was also called Shangsi Festival in ancient China. In ancient times, the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar was the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar after Wei and Jin Dynasties. So what are the origins and customs of the Zhuang people on March 3? Let's take a look at the origin and customs of the Zhuang nationality on March 3, welcome to check!

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The origin of March 3 of Zhuang nationality

The custom of March 3 of Zhuang nationality

The Legend of March 3rd of Zhuang Nationality

●? The origin of March 3 of Zhuang nationality

The origin of "March 3" can be traced back to the commemoration of Fu Xishi. Fuxi and his sister, Nu Wa, unearthed human beings to reproduce. In eastern Henan, Fuxi is honored as the "ancestor", and the ancient temple of Taihaoling was built in Huaiyang (the capital of Fuxi). From February 2nd to March 3rd of the lunar calendar, the Temple Fair of Taihaoling was held. Good men and women all gathered in the mausoleum area to worship their ancestors.

The third day of the third lunar month is also the day when the legendary Queen Mother opens a flat peach party. There is a poem in Zhi Zhu, Beijing, describing the grand occasion of the temple fair in the Flat Peach Palace: "Born in spring on the third day of March, the Flat Peach Palace burns incense; The wind rises slightly along the river and the red dust is everywhere. " Legend has it that the Queen Mother of the West was originally the patron saint of a primitive tribe in western China. She has two magic weapons: one is to take the elixir of life, and the other is to eat peaches-flat peaches, which can prolong life. The legendary Chang 'e flew to the Moon Palace after stealing the elixir from her husband Hou Yi. Since then, in some strange novels, the Queen Mother of the West has been described as the god of longevity.

In ancient times, the third day of March was regarded as "thinking", and the Han Dynasty was designated as a festival. "Today is the third day of the month, and the officials and the people are all on the east running water (clean). It is called "removing dirt (disease)" (Book of Rites). Later, water banquets and outings were added. In the evening, every household set off firecrackers and blew ghosts in every room of Kiko's house. It is said that ghosts haunted everywhere that day.

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●? The custom of March 3 of Zhuang nationality

The Han nationality in the south of the Yangtze River, especially in Dongting Lake area, still retains the custom of eating local vegetables and boiling eggs. Ground vegetables, also known as mustard and wild vegetables, are wild vegetables that grow in the corners of fields. Although it is a wild vegetable, it is delicious and nutritious. It is said that cooking eggs and vegetables together has the effect of expelling wind and dampness and strengthening the body. No wonder there is still a saying that "shepherd's purse is a panacea on March 3" in Qixian Lake area. As the saying goes, "when you eat vegetables and boil eggs, the pebbles are rotten." Besides boiled eggs and fried tea, they also use boiled vegetables as dishes. Spring is the season to eat vegetables. Eating vegetables in spring is also a long-standing traditional custom in China. The Book of Songs has a chant of "sweet as water"; Xin Qiji also has a poem that "peaches and plums are full of worries, and spring is at the head of the stream". In the Qing Dynasty, Ye's "Hankou Zhi Zhu Ci" said: "Three or three orders are more important than the kitchen, and the taste is new. Rice meals and eggs are ready, full and fragrant. " The rice meal in this word refers to shepherd's purse, which is not only nutritious, but also can treat many diseases. In traditional Chinese medicine, shepherd's purse has a wide range of medicinal value and is known as "licorice in vegetables". Chinese medicine believes that shepherd's purse is sweet in taste and cool in nature, and belongs to liver, spleen and kidney meridians, which has the effects of harmonizing spleen, promoting diuresis, stopping bleeding and improving eyesight.

The third day of the third lunar month is a traditional festival for many ethnic groups in China. In the central plains, there is a saying that ancestors are worshipped on March 3 and Xuanyuan is worshipped on March 3. It is said that this day is the birthday of Pangu, Huangdi, Wang Mu and Zhenwu Emperor.

It is also a traditional festival for the Han, Zhuang, Yao, Dong and Miao nationalities in Guangxi. Song Club is not only a grand event to promote national culture, but also a grand event for national economic exchanges. According to records, the song club has a history of thousands of years. The development of Zhuang folk songs is particularly prominent, and the songs are very popular. In the Qing Dynasty, hundreds or even thousands of people gathered to sing.

"March 3rd" is one of the major festivals of Zhuang nationality and the main manifestation of traditional Yue culture, which is collectively called "March 3rd" song meeting. At present, six "March 3rd" song concerts and Wuming Luoyue Cultural Tourism Festival have been held in Wuming County, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Beside Ge Wei, vendors gather and folk trade is active. The people nearby provided accommodation for those who came to arrest Ge Wei, and they were warmly received whether they knew him or not. A large-scale song concert was attended by dozens of young men and women in Fiona Fang, with a sea of people and songs, which was really lively. Qiao Ye has always been a big song fair in Tianyang County. People go to song parties to compete and enjoy songs; Young men and women sing. If they hit it off with each other, they give each other tokens as tokens of their love. In addition, there are interesting activities such as throwing hydrangeas and touching eggs.

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●? The Legend of March 3rd of Zhuang Nationality

There are many beautiful and moving legends about the origin of Ge Wei Festival among Zhuang people.

In ancient times, there was a couple, both famous singers, who often sang folk songs to express their affection for each other. However, due to the shackles of feudal ethics, the two could not get married, so both of them died in despair. People sang in memory of the couple on March 3rd.

Second, there was a singer named "Liu Sanjie" in the Zhuang nationality in the Tang Dynasty. She is very clever. She often praises labor and love with folk songs and exposes the sins of the rich, who hate and fear her. Therefore, on the third day of March one year, when Sanjie Liu was chopping wood on the mountain, the rich sent someone to cut off the vines, causing her to fall off the cliff and die. In memory of the singer, later generations gathered to sing on the day of Liu Sanjie's death. Singing for three days and three nights, the song fair was formed in this way.

These legends are hard to verify now, but the book Taiping Universe written by Song people records: "A strong man is familiar with the valley, and he chooses a day to worship the gods, and men and women will sing songs at the grand event." This shows that the song fair was also very prosperous at that time. After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the development of Zhuang folk songs was particularly prominent, and the song club became a place for cultural entertainment and romance between men and women, and there were games of throwing hydrangeas. After the woman threw the hydrangea to her beloved man, they both quit the music scene and gave each other tokens of love. In the Qing dynasty, a large-scale activity was formed, with thousands of people participating. 1934 The Survey of Counties in Guangxi recorded that there were 26 counties in Guangxi at that time, almost all over Guangxi.

On the day of Wei Song Festival, every household will use red bluegrass, yellow rice flowers, maple leaves and wisteria to dye five-color glutinous rice and eggs to celebrate the festival. Songs usually last for two or three days at a time and are located in an open space not far from the village. Bamboo and cloth were used to build a singing studio to receive singers from other villages. The duet is mainly composed of unmarried young men and women, but old people and children come to watch and entertain. The content of antithesis songs is very rich, including knowledge songs, battle of wits songs and love songs. The content is astronomical geography, literature, society, ethics and so on. Among them, love songs are divided into meeting songs, invitation songs and love songs.

There are one or two thousand people in Xiaosong City and tens of thousands in Dasong City. Adjacent to Xu Ge, vendors gather and folk trade is active. People nearby provide accommodation for people who come to catch the concert, and they are warmly received whether they know each other or not. A large-scale song concert was attended by dozens of young men and women in Fiona Fang, with a sea of people and songs, which was really lively. Pangang River in Bama, Mianshan in Du 'an, Qiao Ye in Tian Yang, Xiajian in Yishan, Yufeng Mountain in Liuzhou, etc. They are all large-scale song fairs in history. People go to song parties to compete and enjoy songs. Young men and women exchange tokens by singing. The song is like a red line, holding two hearts. If a girl likes that guy, she will give him hydrangeas when others are not looking, and "he" will give him handkerchiefs, towels and other things in return. Another communication tool to express feelings is eggs. In the song fair, the young man took an egg and touched the egg in the girl's hand. If the girl doesn't want to, just take the egg and don't touch it. If you are interested, let the young man break the eggs and eat them together, and sow the seeds of love at the same time. Now March 3 has become an international song festival, a comprehensive cultural festival with a new era.

The Fireworks Festival on March 3rd is a traditional sports event of Dong people, which has a history of hundreds of years. On this day, young men and women of Dong, Zhuang, Yao, Miao and Han nationalities at the border of Hunan, Guangxi and Guizhou came to attend the meeting in Fulu, Sanjiang, Guangxi. Later generations gave candy to girls one after another, and the girl who got the most candy was the most popular girl. Fireworks grabbing is the main activity of the Fireworks Festival. As soon as the gunfire rang, the iron ring with red and green stripes went straight into the sky and immediately became the focus of the audience. Hundreds of players on the field competed for it. The player who grabs the fireworks has both wisdom and courage. They not only won prizes from their elders, but also won the favor of girls. At the fireworks party, everyone got together to play lusheng, sing and watch Dong Opera, as well as bullfighting, cockfighting and bird shooting. Everywhere is a scene of joy. On the third day of March, Buyi, Yi and other ethnic groups will kill cattle and pigs to worship the kitchen god and mountain god, and at the same time sweep the village to drive away ghosts. Outsiders must not enter the village on this day, otherwise it will be considered as destroying the village.

It is a traditional folk custom in Kunming to "go to the Western Hills on March 3rd". On this day, young men and women of Yi, Bai, Dai, Miao, Hani, Naxi, Wa and other ethnic groups dressed in festive costumes called for a collective outing in Xishan, where everyone enjoyed the beauty of nature and the joy of festivals and returned home at dusk.

Li people in Hainan want to have a "love story" in the third month of the lunar calendar, which was originally a special festival of the branch of Li Mobil, and later gradually developed into a festival for all Li people. Its formation is closely related to the marriage system of Li nationality. There will be a bonfire song and dance party on this day. By the campfire, girls and boys in the Li family danced to the beat, such as "Betel nut dance" and "wrangling dance". After the middle of the month, "mountain love" began, and young men and women sang in groups in the mountains and streams. Those who like it will both leave the group and send each other tokens of love. The young man will put an ear bell or bracelet on the girl, and the girl will tie her colorful belt around her lover's waist. This tradition of singing love songs and choosing a spouse lasted for more than two thousand years. Today's "March 3", in addition to traditional songs and dances, there are economic and trade exchanges and other activities.

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