What magnificent ancient buildings are there in Hangzhou?

Ji Xiang Temple Lane, formerly Ji Xiang Temple (now Hangzhou Traffic Equipment Factory), was cooked in the lake. The tower was built in the fifty-second year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (17 13). It used to be the East-West Twin Towers, but now the East Tower has been destroyed, leaving only the West Tower.

Ji Xiang Temple Tower is a pavilion-style building with eight sides and nine floors of imitation wood structure. Sumeru is relatively high, and each floor has a flat seat, a tower body and eaves, which are stacked into one. Flat seat and guardrail. The octagonal tower is carved with inclined columns. In the middle of each side is a flame-shaped pot door, which does not need to be paved, and the door nails and gold characters are clearly visible. Carve buddhas, bodhisattvas or scriptures by the door. The eaves are carved with rafters and buckets. The cornice carving cylinder plate has edges and hooks dripping water, the wing angle is old and tender, and the short cornice is not deep.

Second, longxing temple Jingzhuang

Located in Wick Lane, Yan 'an North Road, in the former longxing temple.

Built in the second year of Tang Kaicheng (837), this building is the earliest existing stone building in Zhejiang Province and the oldest existing building in Hangzhou. The appearance is eight sides, 4 meters high, and it is composed of sumeru, rocks, waist eaves, buildings and short columns, which is simple and dignified. Now all the rocks are buried underground, and the octagonal rock is engraved with a single hook hole and a cloud on it, supporting the flat seat. Each side of the seat is 0.47 meters wide, engraved with a hook bar, and the hook bar flower board is engraved with wishful, hook, oblique and other patterns, which is vigorous and vigorous. The rock is the center, with a height of1.76m and a width of 0.27m on both sides. Hu, a famous calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty, carved the book "The Curse of Buddha Topping over Dalagni" with clear handwriting and exquisite carving. At the end of the scripture, it reads: "On May 8, the Buddhist Taoist Temple was rebuilt, and there were 54 Buddhist relics in it, which were packed in glass bottles." The waist eaves are wood-like, the wing angles are inclined, and the cylinder plate ridges are carved under the eaves. There are shrines around the short column, in which statues such as Buddha, Bodhisattva and Lux are carved, with rich images and different postures. The descendants of the roof system on the column were added to protect the building.

Third, pagodas

On the north shore of West Lake, Baoshi Mountain. Formerly known as Yingtian Pagoda, it is also known as Baosuo Pagoda, Baoshu Pagoda, Baochu Pagoda and Gem Pagoda.

According to "Architectural Essays" and "Legend of Wulin", this tower was built by Wu Yue's mother-in-law. In the 14th year of Qing Qianlong (1749), Zhao Maocai found the tower-building remnant stone under the gem tower, with 34 words on it, which could not be read through. The first sentence is "It's cool to see the corner on this mountain." The word "Shuang" in the article should be Wu, while "Jiao" and "Kang" are the names of the stars. The tower was nine stories high when it was first built. During the reign of Song Xianping, it was reduced to level 7 when Monk Yongbao rebuilt it. Destroyed at the end of Yuan Dynasty, the torch of monk Hui was rebuilt, and it was destroyed several times in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The existing brick tower, rebuilt in 22 years of the Republic of China (1933), is a seven-level solid tower with eight sides, with a height of 45.3 meters and a bottom length of 3.26 meters. The iron components of the tower brake are all from the Ming Dynasty. After the mid-1970s, the base of the tower was renovated, the stone ridge was restored and fences were added.

Although the pagoda has lost its eaves and seats, its shape is beautiful and it is a model of combining human landscape with natural landscape, so city people compare it to the symbol of the West Lake and the city.

Fourth, the city gate of Fengshan.

Located in the south of Liubu Bridge on Fengshan Road, it spans the middle reaches from east to west. Zhang Shicheng was built in Yuan Dynasty to mobilize migrant workers, and there were five counties in western Zhejiang. In the 19th year of Yuan Dynasty (1359), Hangzhou was built, and Erli was promoted to the south of the city. In Song Dynasty, the Forbidden City was set up outside the city, and the city extended to the east of Donghe River. There are ten main doors and five water gates on the wall. Fengshan Gate is the water gate at the end of Henan Province, which is juxtaposed with Fengshan Gate (Dry Gate) and was originally connected with the ancient city wall. After the Revolution of 1911, the city walls and gates were demolished one after another.

Fengshan Watergate is the only remaining ancient city gate in Hangzhou. Shuicheng gatehouse has been destroyed, and there is still a single arch hole. The remaining length of the gate is 9.95m, the remaining height is 3.8m, and the width is12.8m.. The doorway consists of two stone arches with different spans, which are vertically stacked side by side, of which the south arch is 2.8m high, with a span of 5.7m, and the north arch1.92m, with a span of 4. There is also a stone square door slot in the south arch ticket, and there is a stone door mortar behind the door. There used to be two wooden doors that could be opened and closed, but now they are gone. The walls on the north and south sides of the gate are brick, and there is rammed earth inside. Now the brick wall has been partially restored and has become an important cultural landscape on the green belt of Zhonghe River.

Wu Zhai in Yueguan Lane

Located at No.8 Yueguan Lane, Xinhua Road (formerly No.4).

It was built by the Shu brothers during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. After that, it was highly earned. In April of the 12th year of Chongzhen (1639), the house was owned by Weng Kai. Ten years after the reign of emperor Qianlong (1745), Sun Shi built a library in Wu Zhai, named "Shousongtang". In the second year of Xianfeng (1852), Zhen Wu, governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, purchased it and expanded it into a large enclosed courtyard with a length of108m from north to south and a width of 67m from east to west, covering an area of more than 5,700 square meters. The buildings in the courtyard are divided into three parts: middle, west and east. Along the longitudinal axis, the central part is decorated with accounting room (destroyed), sedan chair hall "Shoudun Hall", second hall "Daofu Hall", third hall "Zhaoxin Hall" and a Shikumen building. The hall is spacious and tall, with exquisite materials. Among them, Zhaoxintang is about 10 meter high, which is the tallest and largest two-story building in Wuzhai. Shikumen Tower is 5.3 meters high, 3.37 meters wide and 0.44 meters thick. There are brick carvings of flowers, Kirin, Double Lion Ball, Double Dragon Ball and Yunhe above the threshold on the back, which are extremely fine.

Xuanguan, Siyixuan, Zaidetang and Xizhitang are located on the east side of Wuzhai along the longitudinal axis. The foreheads and railings in the foyer are beautifully carved. "Siyixuan" was originally a study, with a rockery pool in front, which was small and quiet. The West Hall consists of a garden, a "Chinese Art Gallery" (flower hall), a "fir-mending hut" (small flower hall) and a bamboo garden. In the garden, Shui Mu sheltered from the wind, and the pavilion and small bridge were built beside the pool stone, which made them carefree. Unfortunately, it was partially destroyed today, leaving only a single building in Huayi Pavilion.

There are lanes (lanes) with the width of 1.35 meters between the three groups of courtyards, which have both fire prevention and patrol functions. The structure of each hall is mostly a mixture of hanging beams and buckets. On the hard roof, the beam frame of the "Zhaoxintang" in the middle is two lifting beams, and the roof is connected with hooks, commonly known as "Yuanyangtang". Tianhua, the hall in the house, is made into various forms of porches, beautiful and generous, with changeable shapes. There are patios in front of and behind the main hall, and there are wings on both sides of the patio. The whole courtyard is isolated by high embankment walls, with a patchwork architectural layout and elegant style. It is one of the representative large-scale residential groups in Jiangnan area in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

6. Chen Gong Bridge

Located in Qiaolong Street, Gongshu District, it spans the Grand Canal from east to west.

According to the records in Volume 7 of Hangzhou Official Records (Revised Edition) published in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, the bridge was built in Chongzhen four years of Ming Dynasty (163 1). In the eighth year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1 65 1 year), the reconstruction began in the fifty-first year of Kangxi (17 12 year) and was completed in December of 56. Yongzheng five years (1727) and rebuilt. During the tenth and eleventh years of Xianfeng (1860 ~ 186 1 year), because the Taiping Army built a fortress in the center of the bridge, the bridge didn't have any support until Guangxu. In the 11th year of Guangxu (1885), the stone bridge, now Chen Gong Bridge, was rebuilt. The bridge is a three-hole stone arch bridge with a total length of 92 meters. The bridge body is made of strips of stones staggered and spliced, and long lock stones run through it. The bridge deck is soft and curved, with stone steps in the north and south, and the concrete surface of the Republic of China is laid in the center. On both sides of the bridge deck, there are plain stone fence bridges about 3 meters long and 0.5 meters wide. In the middle of the bridge, the words "Chen Gong Bridge" are written on the railing. There are 48 sentry boxes of different sizes between the railings, and lotus flowers are carved on the stigma. The pier is divided layer by layer from bottom to top. The arch foot of the bridge is vertically juxtaposed with the stone and built in sections. The central arch coupon spans12.37m, with a height of 9.2m. The arch coupons on both sides span 6.9m.. The top of the arch wall is embossed with "Shuanglong Play Pearl", and the middle arch coupon is also embossed with lotus flowers. There are high questions on the arch wall, but they are not clear. Chen Gong Bridge is simple, stable and magnificent. It is the most magnificent existing ancient stone arch bridge in Hangzhou and the symbol of the end of the ancient canal leading to Hangzhou.

Seven. Huqingyutang

At the foot of Wushan Mountain, in Dajing Lane.

The 13th year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1874) was organized by Hu Xueyan and officially completed in the 4th year of Guangxu (1878). The store is divided into two parts, the first part is the business place, and the second part is the pharmaceutical factory. The two entrances are separated by a protective wall, and the middle is for longevity. According to the needs of business, the building absorbs the advantages of Jiangnan residential gardens, skillfully uses space and carefully configures small scenes. Use ginkgo, copper super, iron super wood, etc. Build a two-story building. The hall is spacious, the beams are carved with dragons and phoenixes, the arches are carved with great care, and the grille apron is embossed with auspicious pictures. The eaves on the second floor are decorated with hanging posts. Shop couplets, plaques, door pairs and signboards are all golden and resplendent. Trading counters, store furnishings, and drug containers all retained the late Qing model, and most of the items were relics at that time. More valuable are the gold shovel and silver pot for making precious medicinal materials, the "No Cheating" plaque in Hu Xueyan's library and the preservation of a large number of cultural relics.