What are the seven greatest monuments in the world?

The seven ancient monuments of the world are the seven architectural wonders of the ancient world, namely: the Pyramid of Khufu in Egypt, the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, the Temple of Artemis, the Statue of Olympian Zeus, the Mausoleum of Mausolus, and Rhodes. Island Colossus and Lighthouse of Alexandria.

1. The Pyramid of Khufu in Egypt

The pyramid is the oldest among the Seven Wonders, and it is also the only relatively complete ruins. We have not yet uncovered all of it. secret.

According to legend, before the Third Dynasty of ancient Egypt, both princes, ministers and common people were buried in a rectangular tomb made of mud bricks. The ancient Egyptians called it "mastaba". . Later, a smart young man named Imhotep invented a new construction method when designing a tomb for the Egyptian Pharaoh King Djoser.

2. The Hanging Gardens of Babylon

The Hanging Gardens were built by the new Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II around 600 BC. Writers who have seen the Hanging Gardens of Babylon describe it as a cascading platform building with palms and other trees planted on each level. ?

This mythical building was built by Nebuchadnezzar II for one of his concubines. It is about 120 meters square and more than 20 meters above the ground. It is said that slaves turned a mechanical device to draw large amounts of water from the Euphrates River below to irrigate the flowers and plants in the garden.

3. Temple of Artemis

Built by Croesus, the king of Lydia in ancient Greece. The temple was dedicated to Artemis, the goddess of fertility and fertility. The temple burned down in 356 BC. ?

The temple architecture is based on marble and covered with a wooden roof. The designers of the entire building are Chersiphron and his sons. Its biggest feature is that there are two rows of at least 106 columns inside, each about 12 to 18 meters high. The base of the temple is approximately 60 by 120 meters. The original temple was destroyed by a fire in 356 BC, and the temple built on the original site was destroyed by fire again in 262 AD. ?

4. Statue of Olympian Zeus

The Statue of Zeus is a masterpiece by the ancient Greek sculptor Phidias. He used ivory to make the body of the statue of Zeus and gold to make the robe of the statue of Zeus. ?

Zeus is the god of the Greek gods. The statue of Zeus built to express his worship was the largest indoor statue in the world at that time. The Temple of Zeus where the statue of Zeus is located is the birthplace of the Olympic Games - Olympia, Greece ( Olympia), where the first Olympic Games (776 BC) were held.

5. Mausoleum of Mausolus

The Mausoleum of Mausolus in Halicarnassus is about 45 meters high. The upper part of the base is in the shape of a stepped pyramid. Caria A statue of King Mausolus of the Kingdom may have stood at the top. The tomb was destroyed by an earthquake in the third century AD.

This great white marble tomb was built for Mausolus and his wife. The entire building was designed by two Greek designers, and the outside is decorated with strange carvings. It became famous as soon as it was built, but was destroyed by a major earthquake in the early 15th century AD. Now in the British Museum, London

6. The Colossus of Rhodes Island

This colossus was built at the entrance to the port of Rhodes City. It is a bronze statue of the ancient Greek sun god Helios, about 33 meters high. 56 years after the casting of the Colossus was completed, it was destroyed by an earthquake in 226 BC. ?

This colossus is actually the Greek sun god and their patron saint Helios. It was designed by the architect Chares. After twelve years of construction, the Colossus of Rhodes was built in AD Completed in 282 BC, the entire colossus is 33 meters high. It was built of marble and wrapped in bronze. It was later used as a lighthouse.

7. Lighthouse of Alexandria

Following the orders of Alexander the Great (King of Macedonia), the Pharos Lighthouse of Alexandria was built on an artificial island in 300 BC. It has at least 122 meters high and built of gleaming white limestone or marble. ?

When the Lighthouse of Alexandria was built, its height deservedly made it the tallest building in the world at that time. Its designer was the Greek architect Soschatus. An Arab traveler recorded this in his notes: "The lighthouse is built on three floors. At the top of it, a mirror is used to reflect sunlight during the day, and firelight is used to guide ships at night.

”

Baidu Encyclopedia-Seven Architectural Wonders of the Ancient World