Appreciation of "Two Poems on Shen Yuan" by Lu You

One:

Forty years have passed since the dream died, and the old willow tree in the garden has stopped flying;

This body is walking in the soil of Jishan, and I still mourn the legacy. The trace is clear.

The spring waves under the sad bridge are green, and it is suspected that it is the shadow of Jinghong.

Shen Garden is a place of nostalgia for Lu You, and it is also a place where he feels sad. He was thinking about Shen Yuan, but he was afraid of going to Shen Yuan. Spring comes again, with the sultry pink willows and green willows, and the annoying fragrance of birds and flowers. Although the dying Lu You can no longer go to Shen Garden to look for traces of the past, but that encounter with Tang Wan, the beautiful woman's sad eyes, timid attitude, and helpless The way he walked and stopped talking made Lu You never forget it,

So he wrote the poem "Dreamwalking in Shen Garden":

One:

Road I am already afraid of walking near the south of the city, and I am even more sad in Shen's home;

The plum blossoms on the guest's sleeves are fragrant, and the spring water is green on the temple bridges

Second:

It's spring again on the small street in the south of the city, and only plum blossoms can be seen but no one is there;

The jade bones have been sinking in the spring for a long time, and the ink marks are like dust on the wall.

Since then, Shen Garden has changed owners several times, and all the personnel and scenery have changed from the past. One spring day when Lu You was eighty-five years old, he suddenly felt physically and mentally refreshed and extremely light. He originally planned to go up the mountain to collect herbs, but because he was not physically strong enough, he turned back to Shen Garden. At this time, Shen Garden was reorganized and the scenery was restored to its original appearance. Lu You wrote the last love poem of Shen Garden with great affection:

The flowers in Shen's home are like brocades, half of which were the memories of the old man;

I also believe that beauty will eventually become ashes, and cannot bear the hurried dream.

(Shortly thereafter, Lu You passed away suddenly.)

Long songs should be cried, how embarrassing is the feeling! Love has become a thing of the past, but love remains in my heart forever.

Lu You, a young poet, finished his book in a hurry, and with a single stroke of tenderness, his heart was broken and he burst into tears.

Tang Wan, a talented and tender female poet, gazed lovingly at the sentimental Lu You with a pair of beautiful and sad eyes, and chanted her blood and tears word for word. Feeling emotional when touching the scenery is like a cuckoo crying for blood, which is extremely sad and beautiful.

Isn’t it the talented Lu You who is looking up to the sky and sighing? His face was covered with dust and frost, and his beard and hair were all white. He was already haggard and miserable.

Isn’t that the beautiful and elegant Tang Wan chanting against the wall? Blue embroidered jacket, long skirt dragging to the floor. She also looked sad and had tears streaming down her face.

Feudal ethics, like a cold sword, ruthlessly blocked a pair of childhood sweethearts who were in love with each other.

More than 850 years later, listening to this song feels like being there. How can you not be moved by the love story between Lu You and Tang Wan, which is both extraordinary and eternal? Why not make people cry?

What is love in the world? Direct teachings promise life and death!

Lu You and Tang Wan - a melancholy love poem"

1.

Twenty-five or six years ago, I occasionally read "Fang Weng" Famous article "The Hairpin-headed Phoenix":

Red hands, yellow vine wine, the city is full of spring scenery and willows on the palace walls.

The east wind is evil and happiness is thin. With a heavy heart, I have been away from home for a few years.

Wrong, wrong, wrong.

Spring is still there, people are thin and empty, and the tears are stained red and silky.

The peach blossoms are falling, the pavilion is idle, and although the mountain alliance is still there, it is difficult to trust the brocade book.

Mo, mo, mo.

Then, I read Tang Wan's tearful reply:

The world is thin, human nature is evil, and flowers fall easily at dusk when it rains.

The wind is drying at dawn, and the traces of tears remain. I want to write down my thoughts, and I talk alone across the fence.

Difficult, difficult, difficult.

People are different, today is not yesterday, and the sick soul is like a rope on a swing.

The sound of the horn is cold, the night is dark, I am afraid of being asked, I swallow my tears and make up for joy.

Hide, hide, hide.

When I first read these two poems, I was just impressed by Lu You's unique and delicate writing style and his heartfelt emotional expression.

However, despite being a great poet of the generation, later generations commented that he "swept away the graceful style of Song poetry" and actually wrote such a touching and romantic work. . Because I was young at the time, I didn’t know the ins and outs of many things, so I didn’t take them seriously.

More than ten years later, I gradually read more texts, gradually tasted and experienced many human feelings and sophistication in life, and gradually became familiar with the melancholy love story between Fang Weng and Tang Wan. understood. Only then can I read more and more about the deep emotions hidden in these two poems "The Hairpin-headed Phoenix", dripping with tears and even blood...

2.

< p>Lu You (1125-1210), with the courtesy name Wuguan and the nickname Fangweng, was born in Shanyin, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). In the second year after his birth, Bianliang (now Kaifeng, Henan and the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty) was captured by the Jin soldiers and the Northern Song Dynasty was destroyed. He spent his childhood in the chaos of war.

Lu Fuzai was a patriotic scholar-bureaucrat who advocated resistance to the Jin Dynasty and had close contacts with the militant figures. His father's patriotic words and deeds had a profound impact on the young Lu You.

The tragedy of the overthrow of the Northern Song Dynasty, the loss of the Central Plains, the experience of suffering and the influence of his father helped Lu You cultivate the idea of ??caring for the people and patriotism from an early age.

At the age of 20, he determined to "mount his horse and kill Kuang Hu, and dismount his horse and write a military letter"

Lu You persisted in resisting the Jin Dynasty and restoring the country throughout his life, and his belief remained unswerving. As a result, he was squeezed out and attacked by the Lord Harmony sect many times.

Twenty-nine-year-old, he took the scientific examination and ranked first among Jinshi. He was expelled from the exam in the next year because he advocated resistance to gold. He became the chief registrar of Ningde County in Fuzhou at the age of thirty-four.

When Xiaozong first came to the throne, he tended to take the lead in fighting, activated veteran Zhang Jun, and summoned Lu You. He was said to be "knowledgeable in mechanics and sharp in speech", and was given a Jinshi background and served as general magistrate of Zhenjiang Prefecture.

However, Zhang Jun lost the battle, and Xiaozong immediately wavered and sued for peace. Zhang was dismissed; Lu You was also charged with "taking advice from Taiwan, singing drums, and urging Zhang Jun to use troops", and was dismissed from his post and returned home.

At the age of 48, Wang Yan, the general of the main war faction who was the Xuanfu envoy of Sichuan at the time, invited Lu You to Sichuan to assist the shogunate in military affairs. Lu You was in high spirits, dressed in military uniform, and galloped on the front line of Nanzheng, southern Shaanxi, to inspect the terrain, understand the enemy's situation, contact soldiers and people, and plan a strategy to regain the Central Plains.

However, Xiaozong suddenly transferred Wang Yan back to Lin'an (the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, in the west of today's Hangzhou), and Lu You was also appointed as the counselor of the Chengdu pacification envoy. The wish to regain the country was once again frustrated.

Although the fiery military staff life lasted only a short year, it had a profound impact on the creation of Lu You's patriotic poems.

During his tenure in Sichuan, because his patriotic ambitions were repeatedly frustrated, Lu You was depressed and often drank to drown his sorrows. He was ridiculed as "drunk by alcohol". He simply called himself "Fang Weng".

However, during this period, Lu You wrote a lot of patriotic poems, forming a situation where "the meaning was restored and the books were circulated" (Ye Shaoweng's "Records of Hearings and Seeings of the Four Dynasties").

Later, Lu titled all his poems and anthologies "Jiannan Poetry Draft" and "Weinan Collected Works".

At the age of fifty-four, Lu You was summoned to leave Sichuan and return. While serving in Jiangxi Province, he was dismissed from his post and returned to his hometown for the crime of "exerting power" for allocating grain from a charity warehouse to provide relief to the victims. It was only six years later that he was appointed as the magistrate of Yanzhou. He was impeached and removed from office because he was "good at talking about resisting the Jin Dynasty and reviving the country, and expressed it in chants".

For twenty years from the age of sixty-six until his death at the age of eighty-five, Lu You lived in seclusion in his hometown and lived a simple and peaceful rural life. He wrote many poems that reflected rural reality and described pastoral scenery.

At the age of eighty-one, Fang Weng still tried his best to support the powerful Han Wanzhou in his war to conquer gold. But this hasty Northern Expedition soon failed, and Lu You was once again attacked from all sides.

Before he passed away at the age of eighty-five, he still wanted to restore the Central Plains. There is a poem in "Shi'er" that says:

When I die, I know that everything is in vain, but I am not as sad as all the nine states. When Wang Shibei sets the Central Plains Day, don’t forget to tell Naiwen during family sacrifices!

Lu You studied poetry in his early years, starting from the Jiangxi School. In his middle age, he broke through its barriers and faced reality, forming a heroic, vigorous and impassioned style. In his later years, he gradually became dull and tragic. Liang Qichao, a famous patriotic scholar and the founder and leader of the Reform Movement of 1898, praised Lu You:

The poetry world has been popular for thousands of years, and the soul of the soldier has been wiped out and the soul of the country is empty. Concentrate on the military music of the 19th, and the eternal man is in full swing!

3.

He was such a poet who had a rough life and was loyal and patriotic. He also experienced unimaginable twists and turns and pain on the road of love, and left a legacy for future generations. An immortal poem that has been praised throughout the ages.

Lu You married his cousin Tang Wan in his early years. The couple enjoyed each other and had a deep friendship.

However, for some reason, Tang Wan was not tolerated by her aunt (Lu You's mother) and forced Lu You to divorce his wife. You couldn't bear it, so he bought another house for Tang Wan to live in behind his mother's back. His mother discovered him and forced him to give up. Therefore, Lu You, who was in his early twenties, tasted the bitterness of the great change in human relations for the first time.

Tang Wan later remarried Zhao Shicheng, the eldest son of the same county.

In the next few years, Lu and Tang traveled in spring and met in Shen's Garden south of Yuji Temple in Shaoxing. After Tang explained the reason to Zhao, he sent people to send wine and food to Lu as a token of his appreciation. After wandering for a long time, he wrote the poem "The Hairpin Head Phoenix" on the wall of the garden. This is the origin of "The Hairpin Head Phoenix".

Not long after Shen Yuan met, Tang Wan died of depression and illness.

You had a rough life, working hard to resist the Jin Dynasty and restore the Song Dynasty, but failed. In his later years, he lived in seclusion in Jianhu Sanshan outside Shaoxing. Every time you enter the city, you must climb to Yuji Temple to have a look.

You wrote "Chrysanthemum Pillow Poem" when he was 20 years old, but it was lost. At the age of sixty-three, I happened to pass through the Shen Garden and was moved by the scenery. I wrote two quatrains in the poem:

One

I picked yellow flowers to make pillow bags, and the curved screen was deep and fragrant. Recalling the dream of forty-three years, the lights are dark and no one says that the heart is broken.

Second

When I was young, I once wrote a poem on the chrysanthemum pillow, and compiled the remaining manuscripts in a bag to lock the spider silk. Everything in the world has faded away, and only the fragrance remains like the old days.

At the age of sixty-eight, he visited Shen Garden again and wrote poems. Xiaoxu says:

To the south of Yuji Temple, there is the Shen family's small garden. Forty years ago, I lived in a small palace. When I arrived again, I found that the garden had changed owners three times, which made me feel sad when I read it.

The maple leaves are turning yellow at first, and the river sun is worried about the new frost on the temples. Lin Ting looked back with a sense of emptiness, who could say that the spring road was heartbreaking?

The old topics on the broken wall are dusty, and the broken clouds and dreams are blurry. Over the years, all my delusions have been eliminated, and I return a stick of incense to the pouch niche.

At the age of seventy-five, Tang Wan passed away nearly forty years ago. He revisited Shen Garden and composed two quatrains from "Shen Garden".

One:

The setting sun on the city is painted with mournful corners, and the Shen Garden is not a restored pool. The spring waves under the sad bridge are green, and it was once the shadow of a startled dragon came.

Second

The dream has been broken and the fragrance has been sold for forty years, and the old willows in the garden will not fly. This body is walking in the soil of Jishan, and its traces are still missing.

Eighty-one years old, sleepwalking in Shen Garden. When I wake up, I sigh with emotion. The poem says:

Part 1

The road near the south of the city is already afraid of walking, and Shen's home is even more sad. The fragrance wears plum blossoms on guest's sleeves, and the green spring water grows on temple bridges.

Second

Spring is coming again on the small street in the south of the city, with only plum blossoms but no people. The jade bones have been sinking into the earth for a long time, and the ink marks are still like dust on the wall.

At the age of eighty-four, only one year after his death, You ignored his old age and frailty and visited Shen Garden again. The poem "Spring Outing" reads:

The flowers in Shen's home are like brocades, half of which were those who knew him back then. It’s also true that beauty will eventually become ashes, and you can’t bear to have a dream that’s too hasty!

The hairpin-headed phoenix: Lu You

Red hands, yellow wine, the city is full of spring scenery and willows on the palace walls. The east wind is evil, happiness is thin, and melancholy brings me away for a few years. Wrong, wrong, wrong!

Spring is as old as ever, people are thin and empty, and the tears are red and raw. The peach blossoms have fallen, and the pavilion is idle. Although the mountain alliance is there, it is difficult to hold the brocade book. Mo, mo, mo!

Lu You's poem "The Hairpin Phoenix" is a masterpiece that "will last through the ages". It describes a touching love tragedy. According to "Remaining Poems of the Past Dynasties", Lu You married his cousin Tang Wan when he was young and had a deep relationship with her. But because Lu's mother didn't like Tang Wan, she forced them to marry separately. One day ten years later, Lu You met Tang Wan unexpectedly during a spring outing in Shen Garden. Lu You felt "sad for a long time about this situation, so he wrote the poem "The Hairpin-headed Phoenix" on the wall of the garden." This is the origin of this poem.

It is said that after Tang Wan saw the poem "The Hairpin-headed Phoenix", he was filled with emotion and wrote a poem with the poem "The Hairpin-headed Phoenix: Poor World Love". Soon, Tang Wan died of sorrow and resentment. Another forty years later, when Lu You was over 70 years old, he still missed Tang Wan, revisited Shen Garden, and composed two poems "Shen Garden".

The hairpin-headed phoenix; Tang Wan

The world is thin, human nature is evil, and flowers fall easily at dusk when it rains. At dawn, the wind has dried, and the traces of tears remain. I want to write down my thoughts, and I talk alone across the fence. Difficult, difficult, difficult!

People are different, today is not yesterday, and the sick soul is always like a rope on a swing. The sound of the horn is cold, the night is dark, I am afraid of being asked, I swallow my tears and pretend to be happy. Hide it, hide it, hide it!

Shenyuan? Lu You

One

The setting sun on the city draws a sad angle, but Shenyuan is not a restored pool.

The spring waves under the sad bridge were green, and it was once the shadow of a startling grand.

Second

The dream has faded and the fragrance has faded for forty years, and the old willow in the garden has stopped blowing.

This body is walking in the soil of Jishan, and there is no trace of it.

Lu You's original wife, Tang Wan, was forced to divorce and remarry due to a disagreement between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law. After getting married, she and Lu You met by chance in Shen Garden. Lu You composed a poem called "The Hairpin-headed Phoenix: Red Hands" (Tang Wan also composed a poem called "The Hairpin-headed Phoenix: The Love of the World"). The poem "Shen Yuan" was written in the spring of the fifth year of Qingyuan by Emperor Ningzong of the Song Dynasty, when the author revisited the old place in Shanyin and wrote it sentimentally about the past. (The former site of Shen Garden is south of today's Yuji Temple, Shaoxing)

◆ The love between Lu You and Tang Wan◆

Lu You, a famous patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, suffered huge setbacks in his life. Not only did he have a bumpy career, And the love life is also very unhappy.

In the fourteenth year of Shaoxing, Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty, twenty-year-old Lu You married his cousin Tang Wan. The two were childhood sweethearts and treated each other as guests after marriage. However, Tang Wan's talent and close relationship with Lu You aroused dissatisfaction with Lu's mother, which eventually developed into forcing Lu You to divorce her. Lu You had a deep relationship with Tang Wan and did not want to separate. He pleaded with his mother again and again, but was scolded by her. Under the suppression of feudal ethics, despite all kinds of pleas, they finally reached the point of "holding hands and looking into each other's eyes with tears".

Founded by his mother's fate, Lu You had no choice but to reluctantly separate from Tang Wan. Later, Lu You married another Wang family according to his mother's wishes, and Tang Wan was forced to marry Zhao Shicheng from the same county according to his father's order. The happy marriage of this young couple was broken up in this way.

One spring ten years later, Lu You wandered alone in the Shen Family Garden in Shanyin City, full of melancholy. While he was sitting and drinking alone, drowning his sorrows with wine, he suddenly saw Tang Wan and her remarried husband Zhao Shicheng unexpectedly.

Although he had been separated from Logan for many years, he had not completely gotten rid of his feelings for Logan in his heart. He thought that Tang Wan was his beloved wife in the past, but now she belonged to someone else, like the willow in the forbidden palace, out of reach.

When he thought of this, grief suddenly surged into his heart. He put down his wine glass and was about to leave. Unexpectedly, Tang Wan obtained Zhao Shicheng's consent and brought him a glass of wine. Seeing Tang Wan's move, Lu You felt her deep affection, and burst into tears. He raised his head and drank the glass of wine brought by Tang Wan. Bitters. Then, on the white wall, he wrote the inscription "The Hairpin-headed Phoenix", an eternal song.

What Lu You expresses in this poem is the sadness, guilt and deep love for Tang Wan after the love was destroyed, as well as his dissatisfaction with his mother's beating of the mandarin duck.

After Lu You wrote the inscription, he looked at Tang Wan affectionately and then left sadly. After Lu You left, Tang Wan stood there alone and read the poem "The Hairpin-headed Phoenix" several times from beginning to end. She could no longer control her emotions and burst into tears. When she returned home, she felt sad and resentful, so she also composed a poem called "The Hairpin Phoenix". Tang Wan soon died of depression and resentment.

After that, Lu You went north to fight against the Jin Dynasty, and then moved to Sichuan and Sichuan to serve. After decades of ups and downs, he still could not relieve the nostalgia in the poet's heart. At the age of sixty-three, he "occasionally came back to sew his pillow bag, "It feels sad and sad", and wrote two more poems with sad love words:

I picked yellow flowers as pillow bags, and the curved screen is deep and fragrant.

Recalling the dream of forty-three years, the lights are dark and no one says the heartbreak!

When I was young, I wrote a poem on the chrysanthemum pillow, and compiled the remaining manuscripts in a bag to lock the spider silk.

Everything in the world has faded away, and only the fragrance remains like the old days!

When he was sixty-seven years old, he revisited Shen Garden and saw half of the broken wall with the inscription "The Hairpin-headed Phoenix". He was moved by the scene and was filled with emotion. He also wrote a poem to express his feelings:

The maple leaves are yellow at the beginning of the year, and the river Yang is worried about the new frost on the temples.

Lin Ting looks back with a sense of emptiness, and who can say that the road to the spring is heartbreaking.

The drunken questions on the broken wall are indistinct, and the dreams are blurred in the broken clouds.

The delusions of the past years have been eliminated, and I return to the pouch niche to burn a stick of incense.

Hou Lu You was seventy-five years old and lived near Shen Garden. "Every time he entered the city, he would go to the temple and look at it, and he couldn't be overcome with emotion." He wrote two quatrains, namely the two poems "Shen Garden".

The poet was eighty-one years old and wrote another poem about sleepwalking in Shen's garden.

First one

I was afraid of walking on the road near the south of the city. Shen's home was the most painful place. Love;

The fragrance wears plum blossoms on guest sleeves, and the spring water grows on temple bridges in green.

Second

It is spring again on the small street in the south of the city, only plum blossoms are seen but no one is there;

The jade bones have long been turned into the earth under the spring, and the ink marks are still on the wall. Chen

In his later years, Lu You would go to Shen Garden every spring to pay homage to Tang Wan. Every time he went there, he would express his feelings in poems or lyrics. When he was 82 years old, he wrote a quatrain in memory of Tang Wan. Perhaps because it was not carefully included in "Qidong Wild Languages", it was not widely circulated:

The pavilions in the south of the city are locked in the leisure square, and the lonely crane returns only to hurt itself.

p>

Dust stains and moss invade several lines of ink. Who will brush the decaying wall?

He was 84 years old - in the spring of the last year of his life, he was still supported by his children and grandchildren and left a poem called Qijue:

The flowers in Shen's home are like brocades, half of which were released back then. Weng,

I also believe that beauty will eventually become ashes, unable to endure the dream of being in such a hurry!

This is a kind of deep, heartfelt, suffocating love that makes people cry, and while weeping, I feel a little jealous of Tang Wan. After all, he can still continue to love her sixty years after his death. It is such a blessing to be truly mourned by someone! !

Why can love be so deep that it lasts through life and death, so that decades after "beauties turn to dust" and "red pink turns to ashes", it still allows poets to sing "this love" with dying blood and tears. The heart-breaking poem "I am walking in the soil of Jishan Mountain, but I still hang my traces for a moment"? I seemed to get a hint of insight from Lu You's poem "One plum blossom tree and one blooming man": Although the love between Lu You and Tang Wan's husband and wife does not last long in the real world, it has already been "transferred" bit by bit. Being among all sentient beings, it is like depositing your true love in a Swiss bank, where you can steadily collect interest. A pair of "chrysanthemum pillow" pillow letters seals and expresses how much sweetness and tacit understanding there was during the wedding; how much beauty, how much feelings; how much respect, how much mutual love and respect. Perhaps, just this pair of "chrysanthemum pillows" is enough to make love "hidden in the world in a grain of millet" and "transform into millions", not to mention the "boudoir joy" between loving couples that is "even better than a thrush" .

A pair of "chrysanthemum pillows" are so insignificant to us modern people, but they are so luxurious. Its "medicinal" effect is still second to none, sigh.

Everything in the world can fade away, but the fragrance of love will always remain fresh.

May all lovers in the world sew their own pair of "chrysanthemum pillows" with their own hands, stay close to each other, never leave, never forget, and cherish them forever!