Jiaozuo Shangliuzhuang Refractory Clay Mine (-2)

Upper Liu Zhuang refractory clay mining area is located in the north of Anyang, macun district, Jiaozuo City, starting from Shandi Village in the west and Tumenzhang in the east. It is divided into four sections from west to east, covering an area of 4 square kilometers. The south and west are15km away from Jiaozuo City, which is connected by expressway.

Refractory clay deposit occurs in benxi formation of Middle Carboniferous, belonging to coastal lagoon deposit. The ore-bearing rock series in benxi formation is 2.33-94.37m thick, with stable horizon, gentle occurrence and monoclinic occurrence, with dip angles of 140 and 8- 15. There are upper, middle and lower layers of refractory clay minerals, and the ore bodies are layered, layered and lenticular. The middle seam is the main seam, which is widely distributed in the whole region and has good continuity. The thickness is 0.70- 14.39 meters, generally 2-4 meters. Strictly controlled by the fluctuation of the erosion discontinuity of the underlying Middle Ordovician carbonate rocks, it is positively related to the thickness of the ore-bearing rock series, and the ore reserves account for 85% of the total reserves. The ore types are mainly soft and semi-soft refractory clay minerals, accounting for 62%, followed by hard and a small amount of high alumina refractory clay minerals. The main mineral composition of the ore is kaolinite with a content of 80%-90%, followed by pyrophyllite, hydromica and diaspore, and the main chemical composition is Al2O3 21.39%-44.83%. 0.75%-5.06% of titanium dioxide; fe2o 3 0.38%—3.38%； ca()0.08%— 1.82%； 0.09%-0.68% of magnesium oxide; Silica 29.12%-56.02%; K2O 0.03%— 1.86%； Na2O is 0.0 1%-0.23%, and the loss on ignition is 6.98%- 15.86%. The fire resistance limit is1610-1770℃.

The Li2O content in the ore is relatively high, generally above 0.05%, and the highest is 1.8 15%, mainly in the form of lithium chlorite. If it can be recycled, its potential economic value is considerable.

Clay minerals in this area have long been known, and they have been developed for producing ceramics and used as refractories. There is no data to prove when they started.

In the early 1930s, Hou Defeng and others conducted a coalfield survey and proposed for the first time that there was a clay layer under the coal seam. In the early days of the founding of New China, in order to meet the needs of national economic construction and development, large-scale mineral exploration was carried out rapidly. Central South Coalfield/Team 65432+0/25, Zhengzhou Geological School, Changchun Geological Institute and Xinxiang District Comprehensive Geological Team have successively carried out a large number of general surveys and prospecting work focusing on coal and iron.

From 1959 to/65438+February-1960, Wu He and Ren Baohang, the sixth team of Geological Exploration Company of Henan Metallurgical Industry Bureau, conducted a general survey and exploration of Jinshi iron ore in this area. 1: 5000 Topographic and Geological Map 3.75 square kilometers, 93 construction boreholes, footage of 2725.07 meters and shallow wells of 223 meters. The submitted iron ore reserves are11182400 tons. At the same time, the primary refractory clay mine in * * * was comprehensively evaluated. The prospective reserves of refractory clay mine were 164 10000 tons, and the upper Liu Zhuang refractory clay deposit was officially discovered. From 196 1 year 1 month to 1962 1 month, Qiu Zhenhai and Wang Huayun, the third team of Geology and Mineral Company of Henan Metallurgical Industry Department, were only qualified by 5% because of the poor engineering quality of the sixth team of Metallurgy. The topographic and geological map of1:2000 is 9.04 square kilometers, with drilling holes of 130, footage of 8332.43 meters, shallow wells of 18, 175.2 meters. The exploration report was compiled in March of 1962, and the iron ore reserves were 9,444,700 tons and the refractory clay reserves were/65432+0,443,400 tons, which further affirmed the value of refractory clay mines in this area.

From July 1965 to July 165438+10, Xiao Youchu and Gu Bojun of 60 1 team of Zhongnan Metallurgical Geological Exploration Company conducted the first exploration of refractory clay ore in the third section of Shangliu mining area. Fill in the topographic and geological map 1: 1000, covering an area of 3.6 square kilometers. According to the grid of 100× 100 m and 200× 100 m, 44 drilling holes were constructed, and shallow wells were drilled with footage of 34 1 1.52 m. 1966 In June, the reserve report of Liu Zhuang mining area of Jiaozuo refractory clay mine was submitted, which proved that the industrial reserve of refractory clay mine was 2.5 million tons. Among them, soft and semi-soft ore is 6.5438+0.8 million tons, accounting for 73%.

1June 1968 to1June 1969,165438+1October, the No.602 Team of Zhongnan Metallurgical Geological Exploration Company (1972) was renamed as No.2 Team of Henan Geological Bureau. According to the grid of 100× 100 m and 200× 100 m, 35 drilling holes were constructed, with footage of 2853.08 m and shallow wells 12.20 m ../65432+0. Among them, soft and semi-soft ore is 6.5438+0.2905 million tons, accounting for 68%.

1September 1978 to1September 1982 to 654381October, Zhang Xiuting, Zhang Kexian and Yuan Zengxin, the second geological team of Henan Geological Bureau, conducted exploration in the third section of Shangliu mining area at the request of the provincial metallurgical mining company. According to the grids of 50× 50m and 100× 100m, a total of 83 holes were drilled, with a footage of 6393.54m. In June, 1982, 1 1. However, because the main problems in the report directly affect the exploration degree and cannot be remedied, the detailed exploration report was not submitted until198765438+February, and the reserves of refractory clay mine were proved to be 336.48+0.3 million tons. Among them, soft and semi-soft ores 197.438+00000 tons, accounting for 59%. At the same time, the reserves of bauxite, iron ore and prospective lithium oxide are 6.5438+0.708 million tons, 6.5438+0.9509 million tons and 53.2 million tons respectively.

The refractory clay mines in Upper Liu Zhuang have long been known, and small-scale mining is intermittent. 1930, Hou Defeng and others put forward the existence of clay ore under coal seam, which provided important clues for the discovery of this deposit. At the end of 1950s, in order to adapt to the development of China's iron and steel industry, Metallurgical Team 6 and Team 3 were encouraged to engage in iron ore exploration in this area, and the primary refractory clay deposit was comprehensively evaluated, and the value of the refractory clay deposit in Upper Liu Zhuang was found and preliminarily determined. Mineral exploration with refractory clay ore as the main purpose began in the mid-1960s and ended at 1987. 60 1 Team and Geological Team 2 successively explored this area, and affirmed the industrial value of the deposit. After nearly 30 years of exploration, the reserves of refractory clay in Shangliuzhuang mining area have reached 7,855,900 tons, which meets the needs of mine construction and provides sufficient resources for the development of refractory industry in Jiaozuo area.

Large-scale mineral development and geological exploration are carried out simultaneously. 1958 Liu Zhuang Clay Mine in Jiaozuo City was formally established, and shallow ores were mined in advance. 1966 The inclined shaft was built in the third section and converted to underground mining. The design scale is 6,543,800+500,000 tons of ore per year. After 1979, I-segment conversion. 198665438+February, Ⅱ inclined shaft was completed and put into operation with a design scale of 50,000 tons/year. At the same time, private mining of shallow ores is widely organized, which not only meets local demand, but also sells well outside the province. As of 199 1, the mine still has a reserve of 53 10000 tons, and it is expected to be mined for another 20-30 years.

After 1985, with the deepening of China's economic system reform, in order to open up new application fields and further improve economic benefits, Liu Zhuang Clay Mine of Jiaozuo City entrusted Zhengzhou Institute of Mineral Comprehensive Utilization of the Ministry of Geology and Minerals to conduct experimental research on kaolin purification of its soft clay. 1986, and completed a small experiment. Using wet magnetic separation process, two-stage scraper paper coating products with a yield of 46.0 1% and a whiteness of 80.8% and filler-grade products with a yield of 35.84% were obtained. The paper-making coating test shows that all products reach or exceed the indexes of similar products abroad except the low whiteness, which opens up a new way for the development and utilization of sedimentary kaolinite clay in the north. 198665438+February completed the pilot beneficiation. Using chemical bleaching process, the product of coating grade kaolin with yield of 37.46% and whiteness of 80.5% can be obtained. 1May, 988, the second semi-industrial test of mineral processing was completed by roasting-wet classification process, and the whiteness of kaolin products reached 85.5%. On this basis, a small concentrator was established in Liu Zhuang Clay Mine of Jiaozuo City, and trial production began. Although the production is not ideal for various reasons, it creates a new direction for the development and utilization of sedimentary clay ore in benxi formation, northern Henan. Jiaozuo, a mineral resource, will play a greater role in the country's economic construction and change its resource advantage into economic advantage.