Which expert can introduce the Xuanwu Lake in Nanjing in detail? It is best to have both historical and cultural aspects.

Xuanwu Lake is located outside the northeast city wall of Nanjing and is connected to the urban area by Xuanwu Gate and Jiefang Gate. It was turned into a park in 1909. It was called Yuanwu Lake Park at that time, and was also called Wuzhou Park, Hou Lake, etc. The shores of Xuanwu Lake are diamond-shaped, with a circumference of about 10 kilometers, an area of ??437 hectares, and a water surface of about 368 hectares. There are 5 islands in the lake, which divide the lake into four large areas. There are bridges or embankments connecting the islands, making it easy to visit. The depth of the lake water does not exceed 2 meters. Fish are raised in the lake and lotus are planted. In summer and autumn, the water surface is green and pink lotus are hidden in it. The lake is full of fragrance and the scenery is charming.

In recent years, Xuanwu Lake Park has introduced many large-scale entertainment projects to entertain tourists. For example, on the right side of Xuanwu Gate is a 3,000-square-meter racecourse, where horses are tamed, and cavalry veterans follow them when riding. Protect and ensure the safety of tourists. On the left, there is a sightseeing train on the lake that goes north around Liangzhou, Huanzhou, Yingzhou, and Lingzhou, and reaches Tailing Causeway. There are also golf clubs and standard tennis courts on the west side of Tailing Causeway.

Xuanwu Lake was called Sangbo in ancient times. It turned out to be just a swamp wetland formed by faults, and the lake water came from the northern foot of Zhongshan Mountain. During the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Quan, King of Wu, diverted water into the back lake of the palace garden, and Xuanwu Lake began to take on the shape of a lake. Because Xuanwu Lake is located to the north of Yanque Lake and Miyagi City, it is also called "Back Lake" or "North Lake". After Qin Shihuang destroyed Chu, Jinling was renamed Moling County, and Xuanwu Lake was renamed Moling Lake. Because Jiang Ziwen, the captain of Moling during the Han Dynasty, was buried by the lake, Sun Quan during the Wu Dynasty named it "Jiangling Lake" to avoid the name taboo of his grandfather Sun Zhong. In the early years of the Liu Song Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty, Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty carried out a large-scale dredging of Xuanwu Lake. The excavated lake mud accumulated together and formed a small island above the water. The largest of them are the three islands of "Penglai", "Abbott" and "Yingzhou", collectively known as the "Three Sacred Mountains". Perhaps this is the predecessor of Liangzhou, Huanzhou and Yingzhou in Xuanwu Lake today. Legend has it that in the 25th year of Yuanjia of the Liu Song Dynasty (448), "black dragons" (probably the current Yangtze E) appeared in the lake twice, so it was renamed Xuanwu Lake.

During the Six Dynasties, Xuanwu Lake was a recreational place for feudal emperors. In the third year of Song Dynasty and Ming Dynasty, Shanglin Garden was established on the lake, and Leyou Garden and Hualin Garden were also established on the south bank. During the next year of the Qi Dynasty, Emperor Wu often went hunting in the middle of the night, either to Zhongshan Mountain or to the Shogunate Mountain, accompanied by tens of thousands of palace maids in strict attire. When he came back at dawn, he just heard the rooster crow, "The jade in Xuanwu Lake is leaking, and the rooster crows on the embroidered jacket at the mouth." "The sentence originated from this, and there is still the place name of Jimingdai near Wumiao Gate. Historically, Xuanwu Lake was also the central base for training and reviewing naval forces. During the reign of Emperor Xiaowu of the Song Dynasty, the navy paraded on the lake twice, so it is also known as Kunming Lake and Lian Lake, but among the people it is called Yinmatang. In the 10th year of Emperor Chen Xuan's reign, there were many masts and masts on the Parade Lake, flags covering the sun, drums and horns shaking the sky, one hundred thousand soldiers, five hundred ships, and a majestic scene. Later generations sang: "Five hundred ships, one hundred thousand soldiers, climb high." The clouds of the martial arts array are born. I know that the warships are marching across the melons, and there should be military fangs supporting the stone city. The autumn sky is on the lake, and the sound of drums and drums is rising at the head of the river. time, and the other occurred during the reign of Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty. After Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty destroyed Nanchen, he ordered the city of Nanjing to be razed. Xuanwu Lake disappeared for the first time in more than 200 years. Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty once lamented that "the country has been destroyed now, and the five palaces have no ancient hills. The lake behind the lake is empty, and the waves are facing Yingzhou"; in the ninth year of Xining, Shenzong of the Song Dynasty (1076 AD), Wang Anshi was transferred to Jiangning Prefecture Yin and advocated the "abolition of Yingzhou". "Lake returns to farmland", the nightmare of Nanjing city being hit by rain has never gone away. After Emperor Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang of the Ming Dynasty established Nanjing as his capital, he expanded the scope of Nanjing City aggressively. Xuanwu Lake has since become the moat outside the northeastern city wall of Nanjing City. The lake surface is only 1/3 of what it was in the Six Dynasties. Huangceku was built in Zhongzhou (Liangzhou) as a moat. The Ming Dynasty government stored the national household registration, tax and service registers in a restricted area of ??the warehouse, and ordinary people were not allowed to enter at will. People at that time had an ironic saying: "Yingzhou is so close to each other, and the islands are soaring in the sky. People rarely visit, and only the pavilions are left, and the setting sun is low." In 1911, Xuanwu Lake was turned into a park. Later, Xuanwu Gate was opened and a green rainbow embankment was built to connect the lake. Xuanwu Lake became a famous tourist area in Nanjing.

The shores of Xuanwu Lake are diamond-shaped, with a circumference of about 10 kilometers, an area of ??437 hectares, and a water surface of about 368 hectares. The lake is divided into four large areas, with five beautiful islands embedded in the water, including Huanzhou Yanliu, Yingzhou Sea of ??Flowers, Cuizhou Cloud Trees, Liangzhou Qiuju, and Lingzhou Shanlan, each of which has its own beauty. Continents are connected by embankments and bridges, and mountains and rivers depend on each other everywhere. The halls, corridors, pavilions and pavilions are sparse and dense, the pavilions, terraces, buildings and pavilions complement each other. Fish and kites fly across the vast sky. Painted boats cruise around carrying sheng songs. Green trees and green mountains embrace each other, and the skylight and cloud shadows wander endlessly. How much historical smoke and dust has been deposited in the lake that looks like smoke and clouds, and the sparkling waves seem to tell the story of the rise and fall of the ages. Xuanwu Lake has won the hearts of many people throughout the ages with its magnificence, elegance, depth and subtlety.

Starting from the Xuanwu Gate, a piece of land shaped like a jade ring goes deep into the lake from the north and south. The Huanzhou is like two huge arms embracing the amorous Yingzhou. The characteristic of Huanzhou is the rows of graceful weeping willows on the lakeshore. The breeze blows and dances like smoke and clouds. There is a pyramid-like earth mountain in the northwest of Huanzhou called Dunzi Mountain, also known as Guo Xiandun. It is the tomb of Guo Pu, a famous scholar in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Guo Pu was a famous writer and scientist in the Jin Dynasty. He was erudite and talented, especially good at poetry and calendar calculation. He once lived in seclusion by Xuanwu Lake. His life ambition is expressed in a "Poetry of Traveling Immortals": "The Ranger Cave in Beijing, seclusion in the mountains and forests." Habitat. How could a rich family be so glorious? However, his indifferent body was born in the troubled times, and he was eventually killed because he was worried about the country and the people, and scolded Wang Dun for his rebellion.

To the north of Tushan Mountain, there are two Taihu stones moved from the palace of Xu Da, King of Zhongshan in the Ming Dynasty. They have strange shapes. One is shaped like Guanyin and the other is shaped like a boy. Together they are called boys worshiping Guanyin. Legend has it that it is a relic of the "Huashi Gang" during the Zhenghe period of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty. It is thin, transparent and wrinkled, and has a unique style without being carved.

Yingzhou, also known as Liancaizhou, is located in the embrace of Huanzhou, so it is called the continent within the continent. The cherries on the island are like fire and clouds, and the cherry blossoms are dancing lightly. Every year in April, the island is covered with a dazzling red color, and when there is a slight wind or rain, the fallen flowers become colorful and intoxicating. Walking among the sea of ??green flowers, you will feel relaxed and happy, as if you are in a fairyland. There is a 500-meter-long winding corridor on the island, and in the north of the corridor there is a Lama Temple and a nine-level eight-sided exquisite pagoda named "Nona", which is reflected in the lake and has beautiful scenery;

Lingzhou, formerly known as Linzhou, is located in It is located in the center of Xuanwu Lake, far away from Cuizhou in the north and south. Mountain viewing is a special enjoyment when visiting Lingzhou. You can look at the shogunate in the north and the overturned boats in the south, and enjoy the wonderful scenery of "the mountains are turning dark green". Looking east at Zijin, it looks like a dragon swimming. There are often purple-gold clouds lingering on the top of the mountain. Watch the ever-changing purple and gold clouds at Lingzhou. "Thousands of clouds are not the same" and mysterious. "Lingzhou Mountain" is naturally extraordinary.

Going north from Huanzhou and crossing Fangqiao is Liangzhou. Liangzhou is the earliest developed and most scenic place among the Five Continents, also known as Laozhou and America. It was originally the reading place of Prince Zhaoming of the Liang Dynasty. Prince Zhaoming studied ancient and modern times and loved landscapes. The Xiaoliang literature he advocated opened a new trend for a generation. Even today, there is still a comment that "Don't worry about the color passed down from generation to generation, how can it be as fragrant as Zhaoming's writing". An ancient well still remains at the former site of Liangyuan. According to "Houhu Zhi": "This well has existed since ancient times." During excavation and cleaning in the Ming Dynasty, a copper hook from the Six Dynasties was found at the bottom of the well, and the well was named after the copper hook. There is a two-story square ancient building in the northeast of the island, the Mingshan Tower. There is a platform on the north side of the building, surrounded by iron railings, which is the ancient general platform. There are buildings such as the Lake Temple in the west of the building. At the northwest corner of Liangzhou is a classical garden-style flower bed, which is made of stacked yellow stones. There are winding paths paved with rain flower stones between the altars. The famous Wenji Pavilion is beside the flower bed. Liu Kun, a patriot in the Jin Dynasty, took it as his mission to restore the Central Plains. Living in the wilderness, he "heard the chickens dancing", which was a bit like the Yue King Gou Jian who lay down on firewood and tasted gall. The Song Dynasty poet Lu You once lamented in a poem: "After Liu Kun's death, there are no outstanding people. I lie down and listen." The clothes of a wild chicken are stained with tears." Nowadays, Liangzhou is famous for its flower bonsai. In spring, peonies and peonies are in full bloom, with colorful bees and butterflies dancing; in golden autumn, the fragrance of osmanthus is refreshing, and the chrysanthemums are blooming, which is fascinating. The sentiment of "picking chrysanthemums under the eastern fence" is even more exciting. People are fascinated.

From Liangzhou along the lake embankment and across Cuiqiao is Cuizhou. Cuizhou is also known as Zhizhou. The long embankment lies on the slope and is surrounded by green belts. Green pines, green cypresses, tender willows and light bamboos constitute the elegance and indifference of "Cuizhou Cloud Tree". The section of embankment on the south side of Xuanwu Lake used to be called Qiqi Geng. The embankment leading from Luqi Geng to Cuizhou is the famous Ten Miles Long Embankment. Wei Zhuang of the Tang Dynasty wrote a poem about Taicheng: "The river is raining and the grass is flowing. The six dynasties are like a dream and the birds are singing in the sky. The most ruthless willows in Taicheng are still smoke cages." "Shili Dike" refers to the scenery of the ancient embankment leading from Qiqigeng to Taicheng. In fact, Liu Feiqing was not ruthless. The willows on the long embankment were originally a symbol of the common people. What is the story behind the rise and fall of the Six Dynasties? What she cares about and is obsessed with is this land with green mountains and green waters, but despite the wind and rain, snow and ice, she still persists in dedicating her charm and beauty. This is exactly what Liu Yuxi said Poem: "The sun shines in the east and rains in the west. The road is ruthless but affectionate."

Xuanwu Lake is located outside the northeast city wall of Nanjing and is connected to the urban area by Xuanwu Gate and Jiefang Gate. It was turned into a park in 1909. It was called Yuanwu Lake Park at that time, and was also called Wuzhou Park, Hou Lake, etc. The shores of Xuanwu Lake are diamond-shaped, with a circumference of about 10 kilometers, an area of ??437 hectares, and a water surface of about 368 hectares. There are 5 islands in the lake, which divide the lake into four large areas. There are bridges or embankments connecting the islands, making it easy to visit. The depth of the lake water does not exceed 2 meters. Fish are raised in the lake and lotus are planted. In summer and autumn, the water surface is green and pink lotus are hidden in it. The lake is full of fragrance and the scenery is charming.

In recent years, Xuanwu Lake Park has introduced many large-scale entertainment projects to entertain tourists. For example, on the right side of Xuanwu Gate is a 3,000-square-meter racecourse, where horses are tamed, and cavalry veterans follow them when riding. Protect and ensure the safety of tourists. On the left, there is a sightseeing train on the lake that goes north around Liangzhou, Huanzhou, Yingzhou, and Lingzhou, and reaches Tailing Causeway. There are also golf clubs and standard tennis courts on the west side of Tailing Causeway.