Allusions, idioms, proverbs and allegorical sayings about Zhuge Liang

Chu time scale

make three calls at the thatched cottage/repeatedly request sb to take up a post

Be a novice

Baititogu

Seven escapement mechanism

Borrow an arrow with a grass boat

Everything is just due to the east wind.

Battle of red cliff

Triangular confrontation

break the law

Let someone get away with it so that he can be arrested later.

Two heads are better than one.

A Zhuge Liang, as steady as a central account, arranges eight diagrams to catch flying generals.

Give one's last loyalty

Zhuge Liang frowned-the plan came to mind.

Lu Su got on Kong Ming's boat-in a daze.

Zhuge Liang's Empty City Plan-Saving the Day

Cao Cao and Zhuge Liang-Different Tempers

Zhuge Liang's Spirit and Zhou Yu —— A little skill

Zhuge Liang mourned his filial piety-pretending to be a teacher and dying first, and the hero cried on his skirt from then on.

Sima Yi called Zhuge Aliang a genius in the world.

Zhuge Liang (18 1-234), born in Yang Du (present-day yinan county, Shandong Province), was a descendant of Zhuge Feng, a captain of the Han Dynasty.

Zhuge Liang was born in the fourth year of Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty (18 1) to an official family in Yang Du, Ye Lang. Zhuge Liang was a noble family in Ye Lang, and his ancestor Zhuge Feng was a captain of Li Si in the Yuan Dynasty of the Western Han Dynasty. Zhuge Liang's father, Zhuge Gui, named Simon, worked as a county magistrate in Taishan in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Zhuge Liang lost his father and brother Zhuge Jun in his early years.

In the second year of Jian 'an (197), Zhuge Xuan died of illness. Zhuge Liang and his younger siblings lost their livelihood and moved to Longzhong (now 20 miles west of Xiangyang County, secluded in Nanyang? ), live in seclusion in the countryside to farm and make a living. In the fourth year of Jian 'an (199), Zhuge Liang and his friend Xu Shu studied under Mr. Si Mahui, a water mirror.

Unlike most people at that time, Zhuge Liang didn't stick to one chapter and one sentence, but glanced at it briefly and liked to recite the ancient ballad Song of Fu Liang. Through painstaking research, he is not only familiar with astronomical geography, but also proficient in tactical art of war. He is ambitious and takes the world as his responsibility. Zhuge Liang also paid great attention to observing and analyzing the society at that time and accumulated rich knowledge of governing the country and using troops.

In the 12th year of Jian 'an (207), when Zhuge Liang was 27 years old, Liu Bei visited the Caotang in Longzhong, Xiangyang, and met Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang brilliantly analyzed the situation at that time, and put forward the strategic idea of seizing Jing and Yi as a base, reforming politics at home, uniting with Sun Quan abroad, appeasing Yi Yue in the south, waiting for an opportunity, dividing the troops into two northern expeditions and unifying the whole country. ]

After listening to Zhuge Liang's incisive and thorough analysis, Liu Bei's thinking suddenly became clear. He felt that Zhuge Liang's talents were rare, so he earnestly asked Zhuge Liang to come out of the mountain and help him complete the great cause of reviving the Han Dynasty. Zhuge Liang went out to assist Liu Bei and formed a foothold in the Three Kingdoms.

Zhuge Liang came out to help Liu Bei when he was in danger and joined hands with his grandson to fight against Cao Cao. He defeated Cao Jun in Chibi and occupied Jingzhou. Jian 'an sixteen years, captured Yizhou. In twenty-six years, Liu Bei established the Shu-Han regime in Chengdu, with Zhuge Liang as prime minister and presiding over the state affairs. Liu Bei was critically ill for three years (223), and everything after that was mutually beneficial.

After Liu Chan succeeded to the throne, Zhuge Liang was appointed as the marquis of Wuxiang, in charge of Yizhou Pastoral. He is diligent and cautious, and all political affairs must be handled personally, with strict rewards and punishments. He formed an alliance with Dongwu, improved relations with all ethnic groups in southwest China, cultivated land and strengthened combat readiness. In the fifth year of lite (227), he went to Liu Chan (the "model") and led the army out of Hanzhong. He explored the Central Plains six times before and after, mostly for the sake of.

Zhuge Liang was an outstanding politician, thinker and strategist in Shu during the Three Kingdoms period. Zhuge Liang became the embodiment of wisdom for thousands of years, and his legendary story was told by the world. There are 24 books in Zhuge Liang's works, 104 1 12. Later generations compiled the Collected Works of Zhuge Zhongwuhou compiled by Zhang Shu in Qing Dynasty. Cecilia Han), etc. Because of the need of combat, he studied astronomy, magic and Taoism in depth, and talked a lot in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Zhuge Liang is ingenious, resourceful, decisive and skillful in thinking. He once innovated the crossbow, which can fire 10 arrows at the same time. As a "wooden cow flowing horse", it is convenient for military transportation in mountainous areas; He also deduced the art of war and made an eight-array diagram.

There are many memorial sites for Zhuge Liang, including dozens all over the country. There is an endless stream of tourists.

The earliest Wuhou Temple in China is located in Mianxian County, Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province. Mianxian Wuhou Temple is the first Wuhou Temple in the world. Wuhou Temple in Mianxian County was built in the spring of the sixth year of Jing Yao (AD 263). In August 234 AD, Zhuge Liang died at the age of 54 at Wuzhangyuan, the front line of the Northern Expedition, due to overwork. Zhuge Liang was the prime minister of Shu Han, and was once named "marquis of Wuxiang" (Wuxiang is now in Hanzhong). Therefore, his ancestral temple was honored as "marquis of Wuhou" in history. Now the Wuhou Temple in Mianxian County is magnificent and grand, with seven courtyards and more than 60 halls. It is not only a place to mourn the sages, but also a place to visit cultural relics. More significantly, Wuhou Temple in Mianxian County is the former site of Zhuge Liang's northern expedition to Hanzhong Tunjun.

At present, in addition to Wuhou Temple in Chengdu and Wuhou Temple in Mianxian, there are Wuhou Temple in Nanyang, Wuhou Temple in Baidicheng, Wuhou Temple in Baoshan, Yunnan and Wuhou Temple in Qishan. In addition, there are Zhuge Temple in Zhangwuyuan built before the Tang Dynasty, Wuhou Temple (Puyin, Hubei) built in the Ming Dynasty, and Huangling Temple (Yichang, Hubei) built during the Jian 'an period. Zhuge Town in Lanxi, Zhejiang Province, was named after Zhuge Liang's descendants lived here for generations. It has been more than 370 years. There are 52 ancient buildings in the Prime Minister's Temple, including Zhuge Liang's tomb. In recent years, the fame and influence of Lanxi Prime Minister's Temple are increasing day by day. It is a great historic site in Lanxi and the place of Range Rover.

Zhuge Liang chronicle

Year, age, life and deeds

In the fourth year of Guanghe, Zhuge Liang was born in Yang Du, Langxie (now yinan county, Shandong Province), and was born as 18 1.

Zhuge Liang's mother, Zhang, died in six years at the age of 189.

Chuping 3 years 192 12 years old Zhuge Liang's father Zhuge Si died.

In the first year of Xingping 194 14 years old, Zhuge Liang, his brother Zhuge Jun and his sister were adopted by his uncle Zhuge Liangxuan.

Zhu Gejin, the younger brother, then his mother went to Jiangdong.

In the second year of Chuping 195 15 years old, Zhuge Liang's uncle Zhuge Xuan was appointed as the prefect of Zhang Yu.

He and his brothers and sisters went to Zhang Yu (now Nanzhang) with their uncle.

Zhuge Xuan died in the second year of Jian 'an at the age of 197 17. Zhuge Liang and his sister moved to Longzhong.

In the fourth year of Jian 'an, 199 19 years old, Zhuge Liang and his friend Xu Shu studied with Mr. Si Mahui, a water mirror.

Jian 'an12 Liu Bei, 27, visited the shanzhai, and Zhuge Liang told Liu Beichen that he could divide the world into three parts.

That is, the famous "Longzhong Dui". Immediately, he went out to help Liu Bei. [Some people say that Xiangyang is in Longzhong, and some people say that Nanyang is difficult to determine? ]

Jian 'an 13 Zhuge Liang persuaded Sun Quan to form an alliance with Liu Bei to win in Battle of Red Cliffs.

Jian 'an 14 209 29-year-old Zhuge Liang served as a military commander.

Jian 'an1621131years old Zhuge Liang and Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun were guarding Jingzhou.

Jian 'an19214 Zhuge Liang, 34, left Guan Yu to guard Jingzhou, joined hands with Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun to join forces with Liu Bei, and Liu Bei entered Chengdu to take charge of Bashu. Zhuge Liang was appointed as the general of the Shu army strategist, the left general and the post of fu.

At the age of 35, Zhuge Liang rectified the internal affairs of Bashu.

In the 23rd year of Jian 'an, Zhuge Liang stayed in Bashu at the age of 2 18 to raise rations for Liu Bei who was fighting in Hanzhong.

In the first year of Zhangwu in Shu, Liu Bei ascended the throne at the age of 22 1 4 1, and Zhuge Liang became the prime minister.

In the first year of Shu Jianxing, Liu Bei was 43 years old.

Liu Chan named Zhuge Liang as the marquis of Wuxiang and led Yizhou as a shepherd.

At the age of 224 and 44, Zhuge Liang adjusted the internal affairs of Bashu to stabilize the people who were confused by Liu Bei's defeat.

At the age of 225 and 45, Zhuge Liang led the army south and stabilized the four southern counties.

226 years old, 46 years old, Zhuge Liang is ready to set up a career to discuss Wei.

Zhuge Liang, 227 and 47 years old, submitted the examples of the Northern Expedition to Liu Chan in the fifth year of Jianxing in Shu.

In the 6th year of Shu Jianxing, he was 228 years old and 48 years old. When the street kiosks in the Northern Expedition fell, Zhuge Liang wept bitterly and beheaded Ma Su.

Be demoted to the right general and do the work of prime minister.

At the age of 229 and 49, Zhuge Liang made another northern expedition, seized Wudu and Yin Ping, and resumed his post as prime minister.

At the age of 230 and 50, Zhuge Liang went to the Northern Expedition again.

In the ninth year of Shu Jianxing (23 1 5 1), Zhuge Liang attacked Qishan in the northern expedition, defeated Sima Zhong Da and defeated Wei General Zhang He.

When Zhuge Liang was 233, he built a mansion in Gu Jie to collect food.

Shu Jianxing 12 Zhuge Liang died in Wuzhangyuan during the Northern Expedition.

make three calls at the thatched cottage/repeatedly request sb to take up a post

When Liu Bei lived in Xinye, he knew that the reason for wasting half his life was that although there were brave generals such as Guan Yu and Zhang Fei around him, there was no strategist to make plans, so he was very polite and sought good help. On the recommendation of Si Mahui and Xu Shu, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei came to visit Zhuge Liang in Longzhong, Xiangyang.

When I first came to this villa, Liang had already gone out, and the three met Liang's friend Cui on the way back. A few days later, Liu, Guan and Zhang braved the wind and took care of the thatched cottage. On the way, they met Liang's good friend and Meng. When I arrived at the thatched cottage, I met Zhuge Jun, the younger brother of Liang. Fang Zhiliang had traveled and left a suicide note to show his admiration. When they returned, they met Liang's father-in-law Huang at the foot of a small bridge in Longzhong Mountain. After a while, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei went to the thatched cottage, which happened to have a light on at home and didn't wake up during the day. Liu Bei told Guan and Zhang to wait outside the door, went in by himself, stood under the steps and didn't meet until he woke up. [Sangutang: It was built in the 58th year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 17 19), and it is Liu Bei's "three".

Longzhongdui

After the battle of Guandu, Liu Bei fled to Jingzhou and defected to Liu Biao, who gave him some troops and stayed in Xinye (now Xinye County, Henan Province).

Liu Bei is an ambitious man. Because his ambition has not been realized, he is always moping. He wants to find a good assistant. He found a famous man named Si Mahui in Xiangyang, so he went to visit him specially.

Si Mahui said, "There are Wolong and Feng Chu in this area. If you can invite one of them, you can calm the world. " Si Mahui told Liu Bei: Wolong is Zhuge Liang, and the word is Kongming; Feng Chu's real name is Pang Tong.

Xu Shu is also a local celebrity, because I heard that Liu Bei was recruiting talents, so I came to see him. Liu Bei was very happy, so he left Xu Shu as a counselor under his command. Xu Shu said, "I have an old friend Zhu Gekongming. His name is Wolong. Does the general want to meet him? " After listening to Xu Shu's introduction, Liu Bei said, "Since you know him so well, please come hard and invite him!" Xu Shu shook his head and said, "That won't do. People like this must have been invited by the general himself to show your sincerity. "

Liu Bei heard that Si Mahui and Xu Shu valued Zhuge Liang. Knowing that Zhuge Liang must be a great talent, he took Guan Yu and Zhang Fei to Longzhong to find Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang visited the hut and was finally moved by Liu Bei's sincerity and took Liu Bei to his hut.

Zhuge Liang saw Liu Bei asking for advice with an open mind, so he talked with Liu Bei heart to heart. He said, "Now Cao Cao has defeated Yuan Shao, with a million troops and the son of heaven giving orders. You can't win by force alone Sun Quan has occupied Jiangdong area for three generations. Jiangdong has a dangerous terrain, and now the people join him, and a group of talents work for him. It seems that we can only unite with him, but we can't.

Then, Zhuge Liang analyzed the situation of Jingzhou and Yizhou (now Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Hubei and Guizhou), and thought that Jingzhou was a military stronghold, and Liu Biao could not keep this place. Yizhou has a fertile and vast land and has always been called "the land of abundance", but its owner Liu Zhang is also a weak man, and everyone is dissatisfied with him.

Finally, he said, "The general is a descendant of the royal family and is famous all over the world. If we can occupy Jingzhou and Yizhou, unite with Sun Quan externally, and rectify internal affairs internally, we can March from Jingzhou and Yizhou and attack Cao Cao once we have the opportunity. At this time, who doesn't welcome the general? If you can do this, your achievements will be realized and the Han Dynasty will be restored. "

After listening to Zhuge Liang's incisive and thorough analysis, Liu Bei's thoughts were suddenly enlightened. He felt that Zhuge Liang's talents were rare, so he earnestly asked Zhuge Liang to come out and help him complete the great cause of reviving the Han Dynasty. Zhuge Liang came out to assist Liu Bei.

Later, people called it "three visits to the thatched cottage", and Zhuge Liang's talk was "Long Zhong Dui". It's hard to say whether it's Xiangyang Longzhong or Nanyang. )

Wuzhangyuan

Wuzhang was originally located in Qishan County, Baoji City, 30 kilometers east of Xi/KLOC-0, 56 kilometers west of Baoji and 25 kilometers north of Qishan County. It is more than 20 meters high and covers an area of about 12 square kilometers. Wuzhangyuan faces Qipanshan in the south and Weihe River in the north. The situation is very dangerous. During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang sent troops against Sima Yi.

In 234 AD, Zhuge Liang led his troops from Hanzhong, crossed the Qinling Mountains and entered Wuzhangyuan. New here, lack of food and grass, first set the field for training and stand by to attack Wei. Sima Yi, the general of Wei, knew Zhuge Liang's clever plan and stuck to the north bank of Weihe River, not daring to send troops. After a hundred days of stalemate in Wuzhangyuan, Zhuge Liang had to lure Wei Bing into Hulugou to fight and set fire to the valley, hoping to defeat Wei General Sima Yi. Zhuge Liang died in the army, and the Shu army was defeated. Sima Yi entered the place where Zhuge Liang commanded the battle, and when he saw the danger of the position of the Shu army, he exclaimed, "There are geniuses in the world." Later generations built a temple here to commemorate Zhuge Liang.

According to local folklore, when Zhuge Liang died, a star fell from the sky, hence the name. The place where Zhuge Liang reclaimed land was called Zhuge Tian. At that time, the place where Zhuge Liang set up a military tent to command operations left a half-meter-high wall relic, which was about 250 meters long from north to south and nearly 100 meters wide from east to west. The locals named this small castle "Hollo City". South side of Hollo City. There seems to be a checkerboard line on it. It is said that Zhuge Liang played chess here in those days, so this mountain was named Qipanshan. In the soil of Wuzhangyuan, many "Zhuge pots" were found, on which were cast the handwriting of the official script of the Han Dynasty. The military compound is now a farmland, and tourists always want to find the remains and rumors of the ancient battlefield here. In the middle of the farmland, there is a river bend, which is called Luoxingwan locally, and the village in the bay is called Luoxingbao.

There is Zhuge Liang Temple at the northern end of Wuzhangyuan, which was built in the early Yuan Dynasty and rebuilt in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. On both sides of the temple, there are stories about the Three Kingdoms, such as Gu Chenghui, Empty City Plan, and Lu Bu in the Third World War. There are 40 bluestones embedded under the mural, and Yue Fei's calligraphy is vigorous and powerful. In front of the stone, there is a stone carving in which Zhu Yuanzhang praised Yue Fei as "simple as a man". )

Zhuge Liang story

-The following are arranged at the request of netizens. 2004.03.438+0

Eat melons and keep seeds.

Zhuge Liang can not only grow crops well, but also grow watermelons with one hand. Xiangyang used to have a rule that you can eat enough melons when you enter the watermelon garden, but you can't take them away. It is said that this "rule" was also requested by Ge Liang to stay.

The watermelon planted by Zhuge Liang is big, sandy and sweet, with no tail acid. Anyone who comes to Longzhong to play or pass by will go to Guayuan to have a good time. The old farmers around him came to learn from his experience in growing melons. He told them unreservedly that melons should be planted in sandy soil with sesame cakes or sesame oil residue. Many people came to him for melon seeds, because they didn't pay attention to keeping them before, so many people had to go home disappointed. The next year, the watermelon bloomed again.

Zhuge Liang washed and dried the melon seeds, and then distributed them to nearby melon farmers. Now, watermelons in Hu Jiajia, Changfeng and Xiaofanzhou on the sandy land on both sides of the Hanshui River are still very famous. They are big, thin and delicious. Some places still abide by the old rule of "eating melons and keeping seeds".

Save future generations through clever calculations.

Whether this matter is true or not cannot be verified. Judging from the record, it is still possible.

Legend has it that Zhuge Liang said to his descendants before he died, "After I die, one of you will be killed in the future. At that time, you tore down the house and there was a paper bag in the wall. There are remedial measures. "

After Zhuge Liang' s death, Sima made the world emperor. He learned that there was a general in the imperial court who was a descendant of Zhuge Liang and wanted to cure him. One day, Sima 0 made an excuse and sentenced the general to death. In the golden palace, Sima asked, "What did your grandfather say before he died?" The general told Zhuge Liang in detail. Sima 0 listened and ordered the soldiers to tear down the house and take out the paper bag. There is a letter in the paper bag, which reads "Open it when the emperor receives it". The soldiers handed the letter to 0.0, opened it and saw that it said, "After visiting, take three steps back." 0 immediately stood up and took three steps back. Hardly had he stood firm when he heard a click. A piece of jade fell, smashing tables and chairs into pieces and breaking out in a cold sweat. On the other hand, I read the back of the letter, "I saved your life, please save my offspring's life." "After reading this letter, I secretly admire Zhuge Liang's ingenuity. Later, he was reinstated as a general.

Zhuge Liang's gossip clothes

Whether it is the plot or the picture, Zhuge Liang is dressed in gossip clothes, strategizing and winning thousands of miles. According to folklore, Zhuge Liang's gossip clothes were given by his studious wife.

When Zhuge Liang was a teenager, he studied hard from Mr. Si Mahui, a water mirror. Zhuge Liang is diligent in thinking. Not only Sima Caode appreciates him, but also Sima's wife values him very much. They all like this studious and brainy boy. There were no clocks at that time, and there was no sun when it rained. Time is not easy to master. In order to grasp the time, Si Mahui trained roosters to crow on time by feeding them regularly. As soon as he met at will, he didn't understand his thirst for knowledge. In order to learn more, he wanted Mr. Wang to extend the lecture time, but Mr. Wang always relied on the cock to crow, so Zhuge Liang thought: If the cock crows longer, Mr. Wang will also extend the lecture time. So he brought some food in his pocket when he went to school. It is estimated that he will feed the chicken a little food when it crows, and the chicken will not crow when it is full.

After a while, Mr. Sima wanted to know why the chicken didn't crow on time. Careful observation shows that Zhuge Liang fed the chicken when it was about to crow. In class, Teacher Sima asked the students why chickens didn't crow on time. The other students are at a loss. Knowing that he was an honest man, Zhuge Liang truthfully reported to Mr. Sima that he had fed the chicken when it crowed, so as to prolong the teacher's teaching time. Teacher Sima was so angry that he burned his book on the spot and wouldn't let him continue reading. Zhuge Liang is eager to study, so how can he not study, but he can't force it, so he goes to ask Mrs. Sima. Sima Fu expressed deep sympathy for Ge Liang being punished for feeding chickens to study. He pleaded with Mr. Sima. Teacher Sima said: "at an early age, I didn't work hard at my lessons, but my mind deceived my teacher." This is an evil thought, and he can't be a big shot. " Madame Sima pleaded for Zhuge Liang many times, saying that he had always wanted to learn more since he was a child and wanted nothing else. Hearing this, Mr. Sima felt reasonable and agreed that Zhuge Liang would continue his studies.

Mr. Sima burned Zhuge Liang's book in a rage, and after his wife persuaded him, he agreed to continue studying. But how can he read without books? The lady said to Mr. Sima, "You have the back shell of a thousand-year-old tortoise. Legend can make people know the past in a thousand years and the future in 500 years. You might as well let Zhuge Liang try. If it's useful, why do you want a book? " Mr. Sima thought that he had burned the book, so he had to do as his wife said.

Zhuge Liang put the turtle's back shell on his body, which became the costume of his life-gossip suit. What I learned in the past is vivid in my mind, and I can understand it without telling the truth.

Zhuge Liang's goose feather fan

Zhuge Liang's goose feather fan represents wisdom and talent, so in Zhuge Liang's operas, Kong Ming always holds a goose feather fan in his hand.

There is a folk story about goose feather fan. Dear girl, Huang is not ugly, but a very smart, beautiful and talented girl. Huang was afraid that promising young people didn't understand Jingshanyu, so he called his daughter "Ah Chou". Ah Ch 'ou Huang Yueying is not only good at writing, but also good at martial arts. She once studied under a famous teacher. When she went down the mountain, Master gave her a goose feather fan. The words "Ming" and "Liang" are written in the book. There are many tricks to attack the city. Tell her that the one with the word "Liang" in his name is your Mr. Right. Later, Huang's son-in-law was Zhuge Liang, the later prime minister of Shu. Before he left Longzhong, he knew that there were three words "Ming" and "Liang" in his name. We were inseparable. In doing so, he not only expressed the sincere love between husband and wife, but also skillfully applied the strategy to the fan, so he always put his hand on the fan regardless of spring, summer, autumn and winter.

During the reign of Emperor Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, Zhao, an observer of Xiangyang, wrote in Zhuge Shi: "The fan shakes the tripod for three minutes, and there are eight dark clouds in the stone", which is enough to prove the role of the goose feather fan in Zhuge Liang's hand and the reason why he never leaves the fan.