How to write the outline of graduation thesis of tourism management major?

I can't write a paper yet. This is the guidance of our professor. I hope it helps you. It's about writing a paper on tourism management. 1. Style and classification of academic papers.

1. The style of academic papers is argumentative. The difference between a paper and other styles, such as narration and lyricism, lies in "argument", that is, discussion, demonstration and argumentation.

2. Papers can be divided into academic papers and non-academic papers according to whether they are academic or not. Non-academic papers refer to papers in general newspapers and magazines, such as editorials, comments, short articles, current reviews, commentator's articles, etc. Academic papers, including academic papers in academic newspapers, special research papers (long special research papers are so-called monographs) and dissertations, are styles used to express scientific research achievements.

3. Academic papers can be divided into: general academic papers; Research academic papers. General academic papers refer to academic papers in academic journals, which are generally short in length; Research academic papers include: long monographic research papers, master's degree papers and doctoral degree papers. Second, the value of academic papers.

Innovation lies in having your own thinking and innovative knowledge; Including the innovation of topics, viewpoints and research methods. Third, the topic selection and topic design

(1) topic selection

It is the beginning of academic paper writing, and it is actually a process of selecting and determining research topics and research directions, which is an extremely important step. Topic selection is one of the scientific research abilities. Four requirements for selecting a topic:

(1) Academic and theoretical.

(2) Practicality and pertinence.

(3) There is enough information.

(4) Being able to foster strengths and avoid weaknesses.

Attached:

How to judge whether the topic is academic or not? In accordance with one of the following five circumstances, it can be considered as academic and theoretical:

First, fill in the blanks.

This topic has not been studied before, at least by domestic legal scholars. This is called filling in the blanks, which is academic and theoretical.

Second, pioneering topics.

Although predecessors have done some research on this subject, there are not many achievements, only a few general articles, or only a few parts and sides, but not all. This paper broadens the research scope, deepens the research degree, and makes a systematic, comprehensive and in-depth study, which can be called pioneering and academic.

Third, ask questions.

This topic is a new situation and problem in social life or legal life, which was not realized or studied in the past, not to mention of course. It is valuable to raise this question now, which marks the progress of academic research. Perhaps this paper can't do a systematic, comprehensive and in-depth study, and its academic and theoretical performance is to take the lead in asking questions.

Fourth, transcendental topic selection.

Predecessors have done a lot of research on this subject, and may have formed a general theory. However, according to the great development of social life and legal life, this paper summarizes new experiences in practice and answers new questions in practice. The research results far exceed the level and level reached by predecessors, and are of course academic and theoretical.

Fifth, summarize the topic.

There are many research achievements in this field in different times and countries, and different studies have their own emphases, limitations and shortcomings. This paper makes a systematic, comprehensive and in-depth summary study on the basis of predecessors' research results, which is of course academic and theoretical.

(2) Theme design

1. Four requirements for topic design:

The first requirement: the topic should be novel.

The second requirement: the topic is consistent with the content.

Example:

On the role of e-commerce in tourism

(The outline is as follows)

First, the meaning of e-commerce and tourism e-commerce

Second, the role and influence of e-commerce in tourism

Third, the problems and reasons in the development of tourism e-commerce

Fourth, the development strategy and problem analysis of e-commerce in tourism

The third requirement: the topic size is appropriate.

For example: One of the topics of 04: How to avoid vicious competition among travel agencies at low prices?

Scholars' Topic Selection: Deep Thinking on the Phenomenon of Tourism Economy in China

The position and industrial policy of tourism in regional economic development

Regional differences between tourists' consumption behavior and tourism consumption

The fourth requirement: be able to foster strengths and avoid weaknesses.

Advantages in data sources, foreign languages, and familiarity with subject knowledge.

For example, the psychological research of tourists in the process of tour group tourism.

Protection and Development of Lihu Tourism Resources in Wuxi

2. Three principles of thesis topic design:

The first rule: the topic is at most verb-object phrases, not sentences.

The second rule: the topic only determines the research object and does not express the author's point of view.

For example: 02 topic: Personalization of hotel service should be based on standardization.

—— Take Shangri-La and Hilton Hotel as examples.

Scholar's topic: the feasibility of tourism development and poverty alleviation in northern Jiangsu

Rule number three: the topic should be clear and short, and should not be lengthy. Fourth, the basic writing norms of academic papers.

6? 1 1 Style should be objective and avoid subjective judgment and emotional color.

6? 1 2 pay attention to the logical relationship between the main title and the subtitle.

Big-small; Shallow-deep

6? Basic structure of 1

Introduction-Ask questions

This theory-analyzing and studying problems

Conclusion-Solve the problem

6? 1 4 fundamental differences between reporting, quoting and plagiarism

-Whether the original viewpoint or data indicate the source, and whether the cited part exceeds 1/3.

6? The function of 1.5 keyword

-Let other scholars search your papers easily and reflect your innovation as much as possible.

6? 1 6 style of notes or references-Chinese

Examples (For other types of texts and annotation methods of foreign documents, please refer to Managing the World, China Soft Science, Travel Magazine, etc. ).

Lin Nanzhi, Tao. Tourism Economics (M), Tianjin: Nankai University Press, 200 1, 255-256.

Zhang Jimin. Thoughts on Developing "Nongjiale" Tourism in Hunan (J). Tourism survey. 2002 < 8 >. V. Common research methods

1 Propose hypothesis, hypothesis: Establish the logical relationship between constraints and conclusions.

-use models and cases to verify the hypothesis of "from general to special"

-Conclusion

2 objective data or facts: constraints are measurable.

-summarize the law of "from special to general"

-General constraints-Relax constraints

-Conclusion

Quantitative analysis is the basis of qualitative analysis.