Historical stories of Fengtai District

The Battle of Fengtai

An important part of the Battle of Pingjin in the Liberation War, it is known as the prelude to the peaceful liberation of Peiping. In mid-November 1948, the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China ordered the Northeast Field Army to secretly enter the customs in advance, take shortcuts and march at the fastest speed, and join forces with the North China Field Army to fight with the North China Field Army. With superior force, they divided and surrounded the Ping, Tianjin, Tang, and Tang lines. The North China Kuomintang Army. The Kuomintang's 35th Army stationed in Fengtai, led by Guo Jingyun, left Fengtai to aid the besieged troops in Zhangjiakou and Xinbao areas, which caused the strength of the troops here to weaken. The 5th Column of the Northeast Field Army, led by deputy commander Wu Ruilin, marched for more than 10 days and traveled more than a thousand miles, passing through Sanhe, Haidian Hongshankou, Xihuang Village, New Beijing (today's Yongding Road area), and Shawo, on December 14, 7 Arriving at Yuegezhuang at 30 hours, the troops reached Fengtai. The battle to liberate Fengtai began on December 14 and ended on the afternoon of the 15th. The army was divided into stages of seizing and defending.

Occupying Fengtai

At 11:00 on the 14th, the People's Liberation Army began to attack Dajing, Zhouzhuangzi, and Qilizhuang to defend the enemy. The 372nd Regiment of the 124th Division was blocked in the attack on Dajing and Xichangang, and 48 people below the Youth League Committee were killed. people, and 173 people below the battalion commander level were injured. At 14:00, the 370th Regiment began its first attack. After a short fierce battle, all the enemies were wiped out. Then, use the strength of two regiments to surround the enemy from the east and west sides of Fengtai. By 5 o'clock in the afternoon, more than 200 enemy soldiers were killed and wounded, 62 were captured, and 50 light and heavy machine guns were captured. Fengtai Railway Station and Fengtai East-West Warehouse were captured. The enemy defenders fled to the Zhenguo Temple area in panic to support the vanguard troops in seizing Fengtai. The 124th Division followed up behind the 126th Division. The 376th Regiment of the 126th Division arrived in the Wanshou Road area and encountered the Kuomintang logistics transport team. The People's Liberation Army captured 20 of its horses and captured more than 100 enemy people. Then they entered the ancient temple and racecourse (east of Indigo Factory) , the Temple of Wealth (i.e. Liuli Bridge), and the Lotus Pond line. The 125th Division followed up with the 126th Division, and entered the Bajiao, Gucheng, and Yamenkou areas on the 14th, and cooperated with the 124th Division in fighting, and entered the Wulitian and Kandan areas to cooperate with friendly forces to complete the encirclement of Peiping.

Defense Lines of Both Sides

As of the evening of the 14th, the Kuomintang and Japanese troops formed a confrontation on the southern outskirts of Beiping. The People's Liberation Army's defense line is: starting from Walnut Garden and Ancient Temple (today's Haidian District) in the north, passing through Jinjiacun, Racecourse, Maguanying, Caishen Temple, Xiju, Shuitouzhuang, Dongguantou, Mengcun, Wangjia Hutong, and Weiwa, To the front line of Jijiamiao, Zhangjia Road intersection, and Shentang; the Kuomintang defense line is: starting from Baiyunguan, Guang'anmen, and Guanxiang in the north, passing through Dahong Temple, Yaqiao, Laihu Camp, Sanluju, West Blacksmith Camp, and Zhongding, To the area of ??Caoqiao, Yuquanying and Zhenguo Temple. Because the strategic location of Fengtai was captured, Fu Zuoyi lost his barrier in Peiping. The People's Liberation Army not only cut off the enemy's escape eastward via the railway line, but also relied on Fengtai to gradually advance toward Peiping, approaching Guang'anmen and You'anmen, becoming the biggest threat to the enemy's defense of the city walls.

Fengtai Blockade

After Fengtai was occupied, Fu Zuoyi mobilized troops to counterattack. At 3:00 on the 15th, he organized the 5th Division of the 94th Army, the 89th Division of the 13th Army, and the 56th and 142nd Divisions of the 92nd Army. The troops of seven divisions, including the 271st and 273rd Divisions of the 101st Army, launched the first counterattack. They dispatched from Fuxingmen, Xibianmen, and Guang'anmen, and all the way, three divisions of the 101st Army attacked the PLA 126th Division's garrison head-on. First, the 5th, 56th, 142nd, and 89th divisions of Chiang Kai-shek's direct line, supported by more than a hundred howitzers, and guided by two armored vehicles, attacked the Jijiamiao positions in front of the 124th Division of the People's Liberation Army along both sides of the railway. The armored vehicles rushed straight to the frontline command of the People's Liberation Army. In front of the headquarters and the 372nd Regiment command post, the three battalions guarding the train station were cut into three sections. After the 372nd regiment was divided, each held its position. The reserve team attacked from behind the enemy's side and repelled the enemy. At 6:50 in the morning, the enemy organized a second fierce attack. Under the cover of armored vehicles, the entire division and regiment rushed towards the People's Liberation Army position. The Weiwa position was first broken into by 2 companies of enemies. The 1st Company of the People's Liberation Army who stood here charged and killed 4 times, and the remaining 20 people still stood firm. Jiang Xinliang, squad leader of the 7th Company of the 372 Regiment, led eight soldiers to hold the commanding heights and repelled eight attacks by hundreds of Kuomintang troops. They seized one machine gun and captured eight people.

The leading tank of the Shuikouzi garrison of the People's Liberation Army was destroyed, blocking its offensive path. The remaining tanks had to make a detour to attack the Temple of Fortune and the racecourse, but were repelled by the People's Liberation Army. At 13:30 in the afternoon, the Kuomintang army concentrated 6 divisions, 100 howitzers, tanks, and armored vehicles, and launched a third fierce attack on the People's Liberation Army positions along the railway line from north to south. The south road follows Yujia Hutong, Zheng Wang's Tomb, and Laohe Shen (now east of Sihe Village), attacking Shentang, Zhangjia Road intersection, and Jijia Temple, and then enters Shamao Garden; the north road attacks the mud puddles from the east and west tube heads. , enter the Niwa Brick Kiln. At the time of fierce fighting between the two sides, a regiment from the leading division of the 11th Column of the Northeast Field Army went into battle; the 7th Column and the 372nd Regiment of the North China Field Army coordinated to defend Fengtai Railway Station. Subsequently, other follow-up troops joined the battle one after another. In the evening, they repelled the Kuomintang army's counterattack and defended Fengtai. More than 8,000 enemies were wiped out, 106 tanks, 24 armored cars, 45 locomotives, 501 locomotives, 75 various guns, 225 machine guns, and 1,667 rifles were seized. A large number of weapons, equipment, and clothing were sent to Fengtai East and West Warehouses. , food, etc. In January 1949, the People's Liberation Army encircled Peiping on all sides. The Kuomintang defenders of Peiping broke out several times in the Guang'anmen area, but were repelled all times.

After the Tianjin war, Fu Zuoyi accepted the proposal for peaceful reorganization. Peiping was peacefully liberated on January 31st.