About Fubao in Luzhou, Sichuan

Fubao is located in the southeast of Hejiang County, Sichuan Province, at the junction of southern Sichuan, northern Guizhou and western Chongqing. It is connected with Hejiang County to the north, Jiangjin, Chongqing to the east, and Xishui, Guizhou to the southwest. It is known as the "primitive forest. Yelang Ancient Road" is now a national forest park and AAA tourist area. The Fubao Ancient Town in the area is one of the "Top Ten Ancient Towns" in Sichuan and is known as the "Classic of Chinese Mountain Village Residential Houses"; the Fubao Yanju Tribe on the outskirts of the town is known as "the origin of human life" and "the 'history refrigerator' of Ba culture". " known as. The mountains and rivers in the area meet, making it clear and ethereal. It has the originality of the landscape, the simplicity of the folk customs, and the richness of the history and culture.

"Fubao Gaoqiang Folk Song" is an ancient and unique original folk song that was produced and spread by Fubao to the southern Sichuan, northern Guizhou and western Chongqing regions. Fubao is located at the junction of southern Sichuan, northern Guizhou and western Chongqing. During its long historical evolution, it has integrated Bashu culture, Yelang culture and Central Plains culture to form a unique mountain culture.

Fubao's high-pitched folk songs are mainly composed of seven characters, using Fu Bixing technique and mostly Bixing technique, and retain a large number of entering tones. Lining words often use a series of function words, mostly pronounced with an accent. Folk song styles include long-tune high tune and short-tune high tune. The modes are mostly Zheng mode and Jiao mode among the Han pentatonic modes. Long-tune high tune mostly has a single-two-part form, and short-tune high tune is a one-part tune. There are many folk song brands and a wide range of performance content. The singing voice is high-pitched, rough, infectious and penetrating.

It is called "the sound of mountains, the sound of water, the rhyme of things, and the spirit of people".

Fubao Gaoqiang folk songs have evolved along with history in time and space, giving birth to many singing stories, song customs, singing etiquette, and song rules, forming a rich and unique Fubao Gaoqiang folk song culture. Fubao's high-pitched folk songs originated from the ancestors' labor in farming, fishing, hunting, and logging. A rock painting of "Fishing and Plowing" on a cliff tomb of the Eastern Han Dynasty in Fubaogao Village shows that Fubao folk songs were well developed in the Han Dynasty. During the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, a large number of people from "Huguang" moved to Fubao and incorporated ballads from the Central Plains into Fubao folk songs, enriching the form and content of Fubao folk songs. By the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Fubao folk songs developed from singing on the ground to singing on stage and became an important social and cultural form.

Fubao's high-pitched folk songs have formed a rich variety of tunes and styles during their long historical development, vividly expressing people's life, labor, inner world and regional customs. The tunes of Fubao's high-pitched folk songs are divided into long tunes and short tunes. The long tune is high-pitched and lingering, while the short tune is clear and smooth. The long tune is in the form of a single two-part tune. The first part is presented and developed by two lyrics and two musical phrases, and the second part is supplemented and developed by a phrase composed of lining words. The short tune is in the form of a single tune, starting from the beginning and then turning to the closing form. It is composed of four sentence sections.

The tunes of Fubao's high-pitched folk songs are rich and colorful, some express characters, such as "Guwang Tune", "Yaugu Tune", "Liu Langmei"; some express the mood of characters, such as "Shan Le" "Soul", "Luan Ji Ma", "Bai Tune"; some express characters' tastes and musical instruments, such as "Suona Tune" and "Daluo Tune"; some express animals, such as "Ikaruga Tune" and "Lao Yu Tune"; Some express religion, such as "Guanyin Tune" and "Tudi Tune".

The lyrics of Fubao's high-pitched folk songs mostly use seven-character sentences, with a two-two-three structure, and are rich in phonology and singing. Lining words mostly use function words, which vary according to different tunes, such as "Yeah", "Luo Hey", "Yeah Hey Yo", "Ya Ho Hey", "Ebu Er Ye", "Salina", "Ho" "Hoo, ho, fish, sheep, ho", etc., are simple and confusing, and are used intensively. They are unique passages in the form of a two-part song and are full of expressive power.

The singing form of Fubao's high-pitched folk songs is "leading the crowd to harmonize". The lead singer is called "pumping the tune" or "raising the tune", and the chorus is called "helping the tune" or "harmony tune". Those with leading singing skills are called "singers", and backup singers are called "Houbaer". The leader of the winning team in the singing competition is called the "King of Songs".

The occasion for Fubao's high-pitched folk songs to be sung is usually in the fields when harvesting rice seedlings and weeding. Occasionally, wealthy families invite people to sing in their courtyards. The singing competition is usually held when there are two rice-culling teams in a working place or there are rice-culling teams on the opposite slope of the river. The special singing competition is held in conjunction with the temple fair. The contestants sign up to wear pheasant feathers and go on stage to sing.

In addition to the traditional lyrics, the lyrics of Fubao's high-pitched folk songs are composed at will by the singers who are inspired by the scenery and emotions, and are filled in with fixed tunes for singing, so they are rich and true. The lyrics use Fu, comparison and xing techniques to express love content.

Fubao's high-pitched folk songs are collectively created by people in production and life. They sing and communicate with each other during labor and during holidays and leisure time. There is no fixed master-disciple relationship and it is a spontaneous inheritance. In terms of teaching, we listen by ear and remember by heart, commonly known as "Guan Erfeng", which is passed down from word of mouth.

The music theme of Fubao's high-pitched folk songs is generally a lyrical theme, with beautiful melody, lyrical and artistic conception, and a stretched, broad and unrestrained rhythm. Major tunes are mostly in the "Zheng" mode, which are bright and unrestrained; minor tunes are mostly in the "Shang" mode and "Jiao" mode, which are soft and delicate. The long-key and high-pitched tunes are mostly single-two-part forms with reproduction, while the short-key and high-pitched tunes are one-part forms of four-line sections.

The lining words and the use of Fubao's folk songs with high accents are very distinctive, and they are the essence of the wonderful tunes of Fubao's folk songs with high accents. Fubao's high-pitched folk songs often use lining words and sentences to enrich the musical image and deepen the emotional expression.

The lyrics of Fubao's high-pitched folk songs use Fu, Bixing and Xing techniques, especially Bixing techniques. The first sentence is exciting and the next sentence is lyrical, such as "The turtle dove flies with a round tail, and one wing flies to the mung bean." Tian. You can’t eat a good piece of mung beans, and you can’t even eat a good sweetheart.”

Fubao's high-pitched folk songs emphasize the characteristics of "high-pitched tune" in singing method, and are full of "Biao Ge" style. Some tunes have requirements for "hissing" and "false voice" singing, and the performance is rich and vivid.

The emergence and development of Fubao's high-pitched folk songs are closely connected with the historical political, economic, social and cultural development of Fubao and even the southern Sichuan, northern Guizhou and western Chongqing regions. It is an original singing art, a manifestation of the spiritual culture of the people in the area, a record of economic and social development, and the basis for studying the remains of the Yelang Ancient Road that integrates the Central Plains culture and Yelang culture. The carrier of cultural origin and development is also the nutrient and element of modern literature and art.