Chinese national geography Examination Paper-My Hometown-Shandong

Shandong is called "Lu" or "Qilu" for short. It faces the ocean to the east and the mainland to the west. The horizontal terrain is divided into peninsula and continent. Shandong Peninsula in the east stands out between the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea, and faces Liaodong Peninsula across the Bohai Strait. Miaodao islands stands in the Bohai Strait, which is the dividing line between the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea, and has become an important coastal defense gateway to defend the capital Beijing.

Shandong is a hilly area in the south-central part of Shandong, where the central part of the terrain is prominent. Most of the eastern part of the peninsula is hilly, with gentle ups and downs, gentle valley width and slope, belonging to the hilly area of eastern Shandong; The west and north are the plains alluvial by the Yellow River, which are part of the North China Plain and belong to the Northwest Shandong Plain. South of the hilly area in central and southern Shandong and east of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, it is the highest and widest mountainous area in the province. The four mountains of Thailand, Shandong, Yi and Mongolia, whose main peak is above 1000 meters, constitute the backbone of the whole region. The hilly area in eastern Shandong is located in the east of Shuhe and Weihe river basins, surrounded by the sea on three sides. Except for Laoshan Mountain, Kunyu Mountain and Ai Shan, which are more than 700 meters above sea level, a few peaks stand in hilly areas.

The history of civilization in Shandong can be traced back to more than 5,000 years ago, and it is one of the birthplaces of oriental civilization. China's earliest writing-"Dawenkou" and Dinggong Village's "Longshan Pottery Book" were discovered in Shandong, and China's earliest city-state "Chengziya Longshan Ancient City" was discovered, which owns the oldest Great Wall in China-Qi Great Wall. It is also one of the birthplaces of ceramics and silk. In the history of Shandong, a large number of historical celebrities have had an important influence on China culture: Confucianism, founded by Confucius, a great thinker, educator and politician, has become the pillar of China culture and has a great influence in the world. Sun Tzu, a famous ancient strategist, is still a classic admired by Chinese and foreign military and business circles.

Shandong province has a long history, many cultural relics and beautiful mountains and rivers, which constitute a unique tourist landscape. There are about 493 natural and cultural scenic spots and 65,438+300,000 ancient buildings and sites in China, including 27 national key cultural relics protection units and 379 provincial key cultural relics protection units. A long history, splendid culture and beautiful natural scenery constitute rich and distinctive natural and cultural landscapes, and isomorphism has become the unique style of Shandong tourism.

Shandong tourism combines beautiful natural landscape, rich history and culture with distinctive local characteristics, forming its own unique style. Basically formed a "landscape sage" tourist area extending from Jinan, Taian and Qufu to Zoucheng; A seaside scenic tourist area integrating Qingdao, Yantai and Weihai; A folk tourist area with Weifang as the center and kites, Yangjiabu woodblock New Year pictures and folk customs as the main body; Qi cultural tourist area with Zibo Qi ancient city, Liemakeng and Pu Songling's former residence as the main body; Dongying Yellow River Estuary Tourist Area is dominated by the wonders and original natural features of the Yellow River entering the sea. Take the water margin story as the main line; Tourism routes of Water Margin with Liangshan and Yanggu as the focus.