How to fight poverty alleviation and follow the path to get rid of poverty based on reality

The success or failure of poverty alleviation and development lies in precision. Precision poverty alleviation is related to whether we can fully "take off the hat" in 2016 and to the building of a comprehensive moderately prosperous society. Eryuan County places poverty alleviation at an important position in the overall economic and social development, focuses on the word "accurate", and is more refined and pragmatic in thinking, policy, and action, and regards poverty alleviation as the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" "We must focus on the top priority and people's livelihood projects during this period, and effectively improve the accuracy, comprehensiveness, practicality and extraordinary quality of poverty alleviation work.

Implement seven "precisions": 1. Precise poverty alleviation targets. We have always adhered to the principles of "finding the poorest" and "being fair, just and open", and carefully organized three rounds of "look back" work. The village-based poverty alleviation team went to the villages and households to carefully verify the housing, income, education and , health and other basic conditions, strictly follow the procedures of "five checks, five looks", "three evaluations and four determinations" and "two public announcements and one announcement" to implement the "look back" work to achieve accurate identification, accurate identification, and Precise exit, mass approval, and file creation for each household. After three rounds of "look back", there were 4,290 registered households with 15,002 people in the county. There were 1,877 households with 5,782 people in the "two households" of subsistence allowance households and registered households, accounting for the total number of registered households. 43.75% of the 4,290 households accounted for 38.54% of the total registered population of 15,002 people. We must effectively "find the poorest people and support them with the best policies" to achieve the goal of "really helping the poor, truly helping the poor, and truly getting rid of poverty".

2. Accurate industrial development. In accordance with the principles of seeking truth from facts, implementing policies according to each household, cultivating when it is suitable, and planting when it is suitable, each registered household will be given an industrial support subsidy of no less than 3,000 yuan, through labor cooperation, capital investment, land transfer, contract farming, etc. The form establishes a multiple interest linkage mechanism for industrial development with poor households to help poor households develop industries and achieve full coverage of registered households. Industrial development has always firmly focused on the key to the participation of registered households, using the model of "company + base + poor households + party branch + technology + financial support" to stimulate poor households to develop the planting industry. Photos" and other forms of confirmation, and then cash in the support funds to develop the breeding industry. At the same time, the method of "agricultural-related enterprise belt, leading enterprise belt, agricultural cooperative belt, agricultural estate belt" will be used to further implement industrial poverty alleviation, and give full play to Diequan Dairy, Erbao Industrial, Jinyang Biological, Pinhong Agricultural Products, Jiayi Company, Yunsheng Chinese Herbal Medicine Planting, Zhijie Vegetable Planting and Haiyuan Pig Breeding and other enterprises have introduced new varieties, new technologies and new models to gradually realize the leap from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. At present, 7,515 households (including 5,759 registered households) have received industrial support subsidies of RMB 41,165,200, planted 42,800 acres of cash crops such as mountain spinach, aconite, erigeron, and large white kidney beans, and raised 2.07 acres of livestock such as beef cattle, goats, and pigs. Ten thousand heads, 10,800 poultry feathers, and established long-term cooperative relationships with 8 companies, investing 16.1 million yuan to establish mutual aid societies in 50 administrative villages.

3. Accurate housing assistance. In accordance with the standards of "the per capita building area does not exceed 25 square meters, kitchens and bathrooms are in the home, and people and animals are separated" and "three main points, two services, and one checkpoint" (the selection of the relocation site is based on the opinions of the people, and the allocation of the relocation land is based on the opinions of the people) The working methods of adjustment are mainly based on transfers, and housing construction is mainly built by the masses; financial loans and conflict resolution services are provided to households, and infrastructure construction services are provided to villages; and the implementation of poverty alleviation policies are monitored), focusing on the implementation of 4 centralized demonstration sites (benefiting 175 households and 749 people), 41 flower arrangement resettlement sites (benefiting 1,384 households and 5,666 people) were relocated. The centralized demonstration sites were provided with supporting regional public infrastructure construction at a standard of 200,000 yuan per household, and the flower arrangement resettlement sites were provided with a standard of 100,000 yuan per household. Support the construction of regional public infrastructure, strictly implement the relevant national relocation subsidy policies, and provide subsidies to households. At present, the project has received 241.06 million yuan of funds, and all 45 relocation sites have started construction, with an investment of 215.66 million yuan completed. 1,247 households have been completed, 260 have been moved in, and housing subsidies worth RMB 15.66 million have been distributed to 783 households. The construction of infrastructure such as water circuits, drinking water for people and animals, network communications, and activity venues in various resettlement sites is progressing in an orderly manner; 2,741 rural dilapidated houses of poor households are being renovated; the second batch of 1,302 households with a total investment of 240.1225 million yuan (extremely poor households live in new houses 418 households, 884 households were relocated) the relocation project was fully launched.

4. Education is targeted at poverty alleviation. We will make every effort to promote the balanced development of compulsory education. Focusing on the balanced development goal of education planned for the year, 368 million yuan was invested, 383.3 acres of new school land was acquired, 83,200 square meters of new school buildings were built, 99,200 square meters of new sports venues were invested, 7.5 million yuan was invested in campus greening, and 621 multimedia equipment were purchased. Sets, 3,320 computers, etc., to fully promote the balanced development of compulsory education in the county.

Comprehensively implement the free secondary vocational education policy and scholarship policy for children of registered households, and provide poverty alleviation policy subsidies to 874 students in high schools, colleges and universities from registered households; invest 11.0862 million yuan in comprehensive improvement and transformation 17 impoverished village centers have completed primary schools, 7 have been upgraded and renovated, and ancillary projects have been fully advanced; 1.5827 million yuan has been invested to launch the "Hot Water Action" for 157 boarding schools to ensure that boarding students can drink hot water and use water. Hot water; vigorously implemented the "Rain and Dew Plan" and organized entrepreneurship and employment training. In more than half a year, 93 labor transfer training sessions were carried out, training 13,075 people, and 8,088 laborers were exported to Guangdong, Shenzhen, Kunming and other places, of which 2,532 were registered. people, effectively increasing the income of poor households.

5. Ecological compensation is accurate. A subsidy of 1,734,920 acres for grassland ecological protection and a subsidy of 4,377,200 yuan for improved pasture seeds was cashed; a subsidy of 213,800 acres for returning farmland to forests was cashed, worth 6.3 million yuan; national and provincial public welfare forest compensation of 9.4 million yuan was issued; the county passed land transfers and leased land Through other methods, 31,000 acres of ecological wetlands have been built, increasing people's income by more than 20 million yuan every year. At the same time, natural protection guards, forest rangers, environmental guards, river course coordinators, garbage collectors, cleaners, etc. have been recruited from registered households. 705 people, increasing wage income and allowing the poor to benefit from ecological protection.

6. Accurate infrastructure. With self-imposed pressure, 23 administrative villages with more than 50 registered households will be regarded as key villages and 17 registered poor villages will be simultaneously implemented as administrative village-wide promotion, aiming to achieve 100% access to all natural villages in the county by the end of the year. The road hardening rate in the village has reached the goal of over 85%. 540,000 square meters of roads in the village have been hardened, 8 bridges and 16 drinking water projects for humans and animals have been built, and 850 dehydration cellars have been completed.

7. Accurate financial support. The county poverty alleviation and development work headquarters will strictly follow the "Eryuan County Poverty Alleviation and Relocation Loan Fund Management Measures" to supervise and coordinate the resolution of loan issues. At the same time, we coordinate financial institutions to increase loan investment in poor areas and poor people, increase the number of windows and personnel for loan processing, optimize service measures, simplify loan procedures and processes, and truly give full play to the role of financial support in poverty alleviation.

Eryuan County combines the actual local situation, grasps the local comprehensive situation, finds the "lifeline" of local development and prosperity, and follows objective laws to use poverty alleviation funds and resources on the "point of exertion". The industries that can truly increase people's income have actually found a unique path to wealth that is consistent with local culture and environmental background.

Four "comprehensive" aspects: 1. Integrate project resources and focus on comprehensive construction. Register households, target poverty-stricken areas, mobilize departments at all levels to actively participate in and provide services for poverty alleviation, establish the idea that "poverty alleviation is not just a matter of the government", widely collect charity donations, and comprehensively coordinate and integrate the departments of housing construction, transportation, agriculture, water conservancy and other departments project, and make every effort to promote poverty alleviation.

2. The core of poverty alleviation is to support technology, and establish that "poverty alleviation requires supporting industry, capital, and intelligence and ambition." Thoughts, grasp the key of people, and use the method of "teaching people to fish" as the method to implement five major projects to improve the civilized quality of the masses in the fight against poverty (Ideological and Moral Quality Improvement Project, Ecological and Environmental Protection Quality Improvement Project, Policy and Law Quality Improvement Project, Education and guide the masses to change their customs, bid farewell to bad habits, develop civilized production and lifestyles, and give full play to the main role in poverty alleviation to transform "blood transfusion" poverty alleviation into "hematogenesis" poverty alleviation.

3. Social forces are fully involved. Guide and support private enterprises such as Diequan Dairy, Junma Group, and Erbao Industrial to contact poor households and assist poor households through recruitment and employment, contract farming and other models, and mobilize and guide society extensively to assist poor households through recruitment and employment, contract farming and other models. People from all walks of life participated in poverty alleviation through charity donations, volunteer services and other forms. On the 2015 "Poverty Alleviation Day" ***, donations of 10.733846 yuan were collected and more than 10,000 people were screened for congenital heart disease, and 57 students were screened. Go to Kunming Yan'an Hospital for free treatment.

4. Develop a comprehensive social security system to effectively connect the minimum living security system and poverty alleviation and development policies to achieve the "two lines into one" of the rural poverty alleviation standard line and the rural subsistence allowance standard line. At present, the county's registered population of 4,290 households with 15,002 people has been fully covered by the new rural cooperative medical system. The threshold for hospitalization reimbursement is exempted. The threshold for critical illness insurance has been reduced from 6,000 yuan to 5,000 yuan, and the reimbursement rate has increased by 5 percentage points. 273 people benefited from the critical illness insurance policy, with a compensation of 1.17 million yuan; 3,719 people were reimbursed by the new rural cooperative medical insurance, with a compensation of 7.4031 million yuan; 749 households with 787 five-guarantee households and extremely poor households who were unable to escape poverty were provided with social security coverage.

< p>Achieving extraordinary poverty alleviation with heart and soul

Three "realities": 1. Solid organizational strength. Establish a poverty alleviation and development leading group headed by the county party committee secretary and county magistrate, and establish a headquarters. There are three work stations under it, forming a "one department and three stations" work pattern, with deputy county-level leaders serving as county poverty alleviation and development work commanders, deputy commanders and work station directors, and establishing a long-term guarantee responsibility system in accordance with the "Guangbao Gang". According to the requirements of the mechanism, a work pattern is formed in which "one hundred departments occupy the village, one hundred team members are stationed in the village, and one thousand cadres join the household".

9 county-level leaders are linked to assist 9 towns and townships, 39 division-level leaders are each linked to 1 to 2 poor villages, and 106 provincial, state and county-level departments are specifically responsible for supporting villages, implementing paired assistance "532" Through the system, 2,488 cadres and workers in the county have paired up to help 7,322 poor households, achieving full coverage of the "Guangbao Gang".

2. Real capital investment. In 2016, it is planned to invest 1,375.7292 million yuan to implement "seven major projects" such as production development and relocation. Up to now, 1.0603513 million yuan of poverty alleviation funds have been actually received, of which 475.3045 million yuan of poverty alleviation funds have been received and 585.0468 million yuan of integrated project funds have been received. *** Completed investment of 675.5632 million yuan. According to the "quick review, quick approval, quick allocation" method, all the applications have been distributed to all towns and villages.

3. Supervise and inspect. The Eryuan County Party Committee and the government established a special inspection team for poverty alleviation work, and formulated and promulgated the "Eryuan County Poverty Alleviation Work Supervision Methods" and the "Eryuan County Village-based Work Team's "One Recall, Three Accountability" Implementation Rules", in accordance with In line with the work requirements of "special classes, special cars, and professionalism", inspections are carried out at the front lines of towns, villages, and villages. At present, 4 inspection reports have been issued, 12 cadres were notified of poor performance, 8 cadres were interviewed, and 5 were admonished and interviewed.

Four "super routines": 1. Unconventional selection of village cadres. Adopt the method of "selecting strong people and forcibly selecting people" to select and dispatch 40 poverty alleviation work teams in villages, so that there is one work team in each village, each work team has more than 5 team members, and the captain is served by a deputy department leader or above. 2. The selection of cadres on the front line is extraordinary; it is clear that cadres are trained, trained and selected on the front line of poverty alleviation, the project is advanced quickly, the results of poverty alleviation are obvious, and the public’s feedback is an important basis for the evaluation, selection and appointment of cadres. During the election of town and township party committees in April this year, 8 work captains, first secretaries and team members were promoted to section-level cadres, and 13 first secretaries and team members were promoted to deputy section-level cadres, accounting for 48.9% of the newly promoted cadres. . 3. Wall chart combat is unconventional. In order to quickly advance the work of poverty alleviation, wall charts are used to combat poverty, and a combat system of "one map with four tables for counties, one map with three tables for towns and villages, and one map with four tables for villages" is formed to map out poverty alleviation goals in a hierarchical and hierarchical manner from villages to households. Form a "combat picture" and form a chart display board to ensure time management, command according to the chart, advance according to the chart, supervise according to the chart, assess according to the chart, and hold accountable according to the chart. 4. The project progressed beyond the norm. In order to quickly promote projects such as roads and drinking water for humans and animals, the county party committee and county government went beyond routine operations and formulated the "Eryuan County Poverty Alleviation Project Bidding Management Measures" to delegate power and simplify project approval, bidding, pre-auditing and other work.

Innovate poverty alleviation methods and change them from “blood transfusion”

Poverty alleviation to “hematopoietic” poverty alleviation

One of the new paths for poverty alleviation: green industry + ecological protection poverty alleviation.

Yang Wenze, deputy secretary of the Eryuan County Party Committee and commander-in-chief of the county’s poverty alleviation and development working group, said frankly, “If the direction is wrong, it will inevitably go in the opposite direction; if the industry is not accurate, poverty alleviation will be counterproductive. Industrial poverty alleviation is the key to poverty alleviation for poor households. The industrial poverty alleviation work needs to be precise to prevent the phenomenon of "industrial poverty alleviation for several years, and then poverty alleviation overnight". We have formulated a plan for characteristic industries of poor villages and poor rural areas, coordinate the use of agriculture-related funds, and focus on supporting poor villages and poor households according to local conditions. Develop farming, product processing and traditional handicraft industries. In poverty alleviation and development, all towns and villages in our county proceed from reality and implement the 'one village, one product' poverty alleviation plan in line with the principle of 'cultivate when it is suitable, sow when it is suitable, and sow when it is suitable to travel. We should adhere to the principle of "tourism" and actively cultivate and develop characteristic industries such as breeding, planting, processing, and rural tourism." A new thing happened this year in Shaoheng Village, Cibihu Town: the barren mountain land used to grow maca and rice corn in previous years has turned into a beautiful peony garden this year. Yang Changbao, the owner of the peony garden, said: "The government helped us contact the Yunnan Dianhuang Group and purchase peony seeds at the contract price. Only then did we make the decision to plant this area of ??oil peonies. We will plant 200 acres this year." "Although this is a mountainous area. , but with the market, I don’t have to worry about selling my peony seeds. In the future, I will green this place, make it a big garden with beautiful mountains and clear water, and run a farmhouse here. "Good ecology makes people in the mountains rich. Pockets have allowed local development to embark on a new path of targeted poverty alleviation that explores the mutual promotion of rural ecological resources and green environmental protection industries, and the mutual promotion of rural ecological protection and poverty alleviation industry development.

The second innovation path: capable people (enterprises) + cooperatives + poor households.

In early June, the leaders of the county party committee invited the heads of more than a dozen leading agricultural enterprises in the county, including Diequan Dairy and Erbao Plum Industry, to have a heart-to-heart talk with them, asking them to work with the county party committee and government to pay attention to people's livelihood. , Support the county’s poverty alleviation work. The leaders of the county party committee and the enterprises in the county have reached a common understanding: the county has established an "agricultural and commercial alliance" to use the "agricultural and commercial alliance" and "agricultural enterprise alliance" models to connect leading enterprises and various cooperatives in impoverished mountainous areas, so as to cultivate and build industries in mountainous areas. On board of the leading enterprise, the cooperative produces high-quality raw materials in accordance with the enterprise's production requirements under the guidance of the enterprise. The enterprise helps purchase the cooperative's products, helps coordinate and connect marketing channels, and provides knowledge and skills training and talent cultivation for the cooperative. When it comes to "inviting talented people into the mountains", Zi Zhenhua, a cadre dispatched by the Provincial Party Committee Propaganda Department to Futian Village, Niujie Township, Eryuan County, is the most attentive and goes further. In late May, Zi Zhenhua invited apple planting experts to Eryuan to guide the masses in planting apples, which made the people in the mountainous areas of Niujie feel happy.

"With the golden fingers of domestic top experts to guide us, we must grow golden apples." said Yang Jikun, a villager in Fuhe Village, Niujie Township. In early June, Zi Zhenhua squeezed out time from his busy schedule to find and contact domestic item-level garlic marketers. Eryuan's garlic has excellent quality and is the "noble" in the garlic market, but it has always been at the end of the marketing chain. Zi Zhenhua hopes that through his own efforts, he can shorten the chain of Eryuan garlic to foreign markets and increase the income of local garlic farmers.

The third innovative path: technical training + employment to alleviate poverty.

Ultimately transforming the remaining labor force into an endogenous driving force for the development of impoverished mountainous villages is an important direction for Eryuan County's poverty alleviation work. From the second half of 2015 to the present, Eryuan County *** has carried out 93 labor transfer training sessions, training 13,075 people. The intensity of training and the number of people trained are unprecedented. 8,072 migrant workers from impoverished mountainous areas were sent out after training, including 2,532 registered poor households. "I'm very happy here!" He Congrong, a 44-year-old disabled person, participated in the carving training for disabled people held by Fengyu Inkstone Crafts Factory in Eryuan County in November 2015 and has been working in the factory ever since. The transfer of employment in Eryuan County is implemented in three categories: first, through the "one belt, one, one gang, one" approach to go out to work on their own; second, through skills training and introductory training, so that the trainees can master at least one practical technology and comprehensively improve To improve the quality of the labor force of poor households, the county employment bureau will connect with employment enterprises with good profits and high reputation in various places, and collectively organize migrant workers; third, in the promotion of rural and village consolidation and poverty alleviation and relocation projects, local people will be organized to work nearby. Through the above three methods, at least one person from poor households with labor force will work outside the home.

Party committees and governments at all levels in Eryuan County stand on the overall situation and the realization of the Chinese Dream, strengthen their confidence, take active actions, further increase regional development and poverty alleviation efforts, and always keep the safety of the poor in mind , with targeted poverty alleviation as the overall plan, reform and innovation as the driving force, contiguous poverty-stricken areas as the main battlefield, and poverty alleviation as the primary task, we will coordinate the development of production, public services, and education for all, and accelerate poverty alleviation. regions and poor people to get rid of poverty and become rich. In promoting poverty alleviation work, precise identification, precise support, precise management and precise assessment have been achieved, and assistance measures have been improved village by village and household by household, so as to effectively achieve real poverty alleviation and real poverty alleviation. Accurate identification, to find out the bottom line, establish files and cards, and solve the problem of who to support. Precise management, dynamic tracking, timely updates, and solutions to the problem of support. Accurate assessment, achieving quantitative indicators, rewarding the good and punishing the bad, and solving the problems of incentives and guidance. Fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all aspects and create a strong atmosphere of focusing on hard work, achieving results, and seeking practical results.