Introduction to Dali, Yunnan Province

Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture is located in the west of central Yunnan Province, with an altitude of 2,090 meters. It borders Chuxiong Prefecture to the east, Pu'er City and Lincang City to the south, Baoshan City and Nujiang Prefecture to the west, and Lijiang City to the north.

It spans 98°52′～101°03′ east longitude and 24°41′～26°42′ north latitude. It patrols Erhai Lake in the east and Diancang Mountains in the west. It governs Dali City, Xiangyun and Mi The eight counties of Du, Binchuan, Yongping, Yunlong, Eryuan, Heqing and Jianchuan and the three ethnic minority autonomous counties of Yangbi, Weishan and Nanjian are one of the earliest areas in the development of China's southwest frontier.

It is located on a low-latitude plateau, with little temperature difference among the four seasons and distinct dry and wet seasons. The low-latitude plateau monsoon climate is the dominant one. There are scenic spots such as Butterfly Spring, Cangshan Mountain, Erhai Lake, Dali Ancient City, and the Three Pagodas of Chongsheng Temple. The most representative.

1. Terrain

Dali Prefecture is located at the junction of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the Hengduan Mountains. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The landform is complex and diverse. To the west of Diancang Mountain is the high mountain canyon area. To the east of Diancang Mountain and to the west of Xiangyun is the Zhongshan steep slope terrain.

The mountains within the territory mainly belong to the Yunling Mountains and Nushan Mountains. Diancang Mountain is located in the middle of the state, towering like an arch like a screen. Xueban Mountain at the junction of Jianchuan and Lanping in Lijiang area in the north is the highest peak of the mountains in the state, with an altitude of 4295 meters. The lowest point is Hongqiba on the Nujiang River in Yunlong County, with an altitude of 730 meters. ?

The territory is bounded by the large fault line of Laojun Mountain-Diancang Mountain-Ailao Mountain, forming two major parts. The eastern part belongs to the Yangtze quasi-platform area, and the western part belongs to the Tibetan-Yunnan geosynclinal fold area (also known as the Sanjiang area). The Yangtze quasi-platform area in the east is bounded by the Erhai-Honghe deep (large) fault in the west, and extends into Chuxiong Prefecture in the east, forming part of the western edge of the Yangtze quasi-platform.

The Tibetan Yunnan geosyncline fold area in the west is a vast area in the west and south of the prefecture. It is bounded by the Erhai-Honghe River deep (large) fault in the east and the Nujiang and Lancang River valleys in the west. It runs through the prefecture from north to south. There are nineteen peaks of Cangshan Mountain on Diancang Mountain.

2. Hydrology

There are many lake basins in the state, and there are 18 basins with an area of ??more than 1.5 square kilometers, covering an area of ??1871.49 square kilometers. Accounting for 6.6% of the total area of ??Dali Prefecture. Most of the basins are linear basins, distributed in a belt shape and arranged into 6 belts from west to east. Quaternary mountain glacier sites are distributed in the high mountainous areas west of Erhai Lake and north of Yongping. Dian Cangshan Mountain in Dali is the name of the Dali Ice Age, the last ice age in China.

The main rivers belong to the four major water systems of Jinsha River, Lancang River, Nu River, and Hong River (Yuanjiang River). There are more than 160 large and small rivers, which are distributed in feather-like shapes throughout Dali Prefecture. There are eight lakes in the prefecture: Erhai Lake, Tianchi Lake, Cibi Lake, West Lake, East Lake, Jian Lake, Haixi Lake and Qinghai Lake.

3. Climatic characteristics

Dali Prefecture is located on a low-latitude plateau. Under the combined influence of low-latitude and high-altitude geographical conditions, the low-latitude plateau monsoon climate characteristics are formed: small temperature differences among the four seasons. Closer to the Tropic of Cancer, the solar radiation angle is large and the change range is small, resulting in a small annual temperature difference and no obvious four seasons. "The atmosphere of the four seasons is often like early spring, with cold ending in coolness and hot summer ending in warm." The temperature difference between the four seasons is Not big; tropical monsoon climate, divided into rainy and dry seasons.

Dali Prefecture has dry winters and rainy summers. When the equatorial low pressure moves in (from November to April of the following year), the dry season rainfall accounts for only 5 to 15% of the annual rainfall. The trade winds move When it comes (from May to October in the summer half of the year), it is the rainy season, and the rainfall accounts for 85% to 95% of the whole year; the vertical difference is significant. Dali Prefecture has complex topography, huge differences in altitude, and significant vertical differences in climate.

The temperature decreases with increasing altitude, and the rainfall increases with increasing altitude. The valleys are hot, the dam areas are warm, the mountainous areas are cool, and the high mountains are cold. The three-dimensional climate is obvious and there are many meteorological disasters. Due to the instability of monsoon circulation and the influence of different weather systems, Dali Prefecture has many meteorological disasters. Common meteorological disasters mainly include drought, low temperature, flood, frost, hail, strong wind, etc.

Extended information:

Natural resources:

1. Mineral resources

Non-metallic minerals include large marble deposits that are well-known at home and abroad. According to preliminary surveys, the marble reserves in the Xiaocenfeng area of ??Cangshan Mountain alone amount to 100 million cubic meters. There are also abundant reserves of limestone, quartz sand, fluorite, clay, coal, etc.; metal minerals include platinum, palladium, manganese, antimony, etc.

Among them, a super-large gold mine was newly discovered in Beiya, Heqing County. A total of 127 tons of gold resources have been identified. It is estimated that 50 million tons of *** pig iron ore, 3,000 tons of *** associated silver, and copper metal Amount of 200,000 tons. Experts believe that the currently proven gold resources indicate that Yunnan’s gold resources have also ranked first in Southwest China.

2. Water resources

Water resources include freshwater lake Erhai Lake, rich Cangshan spring water and groundwater; geothermal resources include hot springs. Only Tangzipu Hot Spring has a water flow of 1310 cubic meters/ Hours later, the water temperature reached 76.5°C. The amount of groundwater runoff calculated based on 75% of the lowest flow rate amounted to 226 million cubic meters.

3. Land resources

Dali Prefecture has a land area of ??29,459 square kilometers, and mountainous areas account for more than 80% of the total area of ??Dali Prefecture. There are 183,161 hectares of cultivated land, including 90,458 hectares of fields and 92,703 hectares of land. The garden area is 13333.33 hectares, accounting for 0.5% of the total land area. It is a production base for citrus, apple, peach, plum, pear, tea, mulberry, etc.; the water area is 55333.33 hectares, accounting for about 1.9% of the land area.

The land use status of Dali Prefecture: forest land accounts for about 60%, pasture land accounts for 20%, cultivated land accounts for 11.2%, and other land accounts for 8.8%. Soil categories belong to 8 classes, 13 soil categories, 23 subcategories, 76 soil genera, and 236 soil species. Purple soil accounts for 31.75% of the total land area, and red soil accounts for 27.7%.

Population and ethnic groups:

There are 13 living ethnic groups in Dali Prefecture, namely: Han, Bai, Yi, Hui, Lisu, Miao, Naxi, Zhuang, Tibetan, Brown, and Lahu , Achang, Dai and other ethnic groups. There are 8 ethnic groups with small populations, namely the Lisu, Miao, Dai, Achang, Zhuang, Tibetan, Bulang, and Lahu ethnic groups. ?

The total registered population in the state is 3.5844 million, including 1.8101 million males and 1.7743 million females; the minority population is 1.8583 million, accounting for 51.84% of the total population, including: 1.2179 million Bai people .

Reference materials:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture