Where is Yongcheng in the Qin Dynasty now?

Yongcheng is located in the south of Fengxiang County, north of Yongshui River and on the loess platform west of Zhifang River. The plane of the city wall is an irregular square, and the direction is northwest 15 degrees. It is 3300 meters long from east to west and 3200 meters wide from north to south, with a total area of about 10.56 square kilometers.

Nishihara is better preserved. It starts from the southwest corner of Fengxiang County and extends southward for about 50 meters, then turns to the southeast. The southernmost point is the wall of the ancient city of Nan in Han Dynasty. It is 3200m long, 4.3 ~15m wide and1.65 ~ 2.05m high.

Nanyuan Winding along the Yongshui River. Part of the western section is under the pressure of modern villages, and most of the eastern section is submerged by Dongfeng Reservoir. Only three sections are found, which are 1800 m long, 4 ~ 4.75 m wide and 2 ~ 7.35 m high.

Dongyuan. Close to Zhifang River, it turns from southeast to northwest, causing serious damage. The third section was found, with a length of 420m, a residual width of 8.25m and a residual height of 3.75m.. ..

Beichuan is now under the pressure of Fengxiang County. A section was found at the western end of Tiegou and Fengxiang Normal School, with a length of 450m, a residual width of 2.75 ~ 4.5m and a residual height of1~1.85 m. Among them, the section found in Tiegou was exposed on the cliff, and the rammed layer was clearly discernible.

City gate. Only one was found in Xiyuan. The width of the gate is10m, and the road extends eastward to Yaojiazhuang Palace.

Trenches. In addition to the natural river as a barrier, Yongcheng also built moat facilities outside Xiyuan. The moat is about 1000 meters long, 12.6 ~ 25 meters wide and 5.2 meters deep. There was no water in the ditch then.

Through the drilling of the city wall, we can know that when building the Yongcheng city wall, we should first level the ground, and then dig a trench slightly wider than the city wall, with a wide mouth and a narrow bottom. Tamp from the bottom of the ditch layer by layer, with a thickness of 8 ~ 12 cm. When the compacted soil layer is flush with the ditch mouth, the slab construction will be started. Both Xiyuan and Nanyuan have clamping holes left by plate tectonics, with a diameter of 8 ~15cm and a spacing of 0.75 ~1.25m.. ..

The investigation and drilling results in Yongcheng confirmed that the actual situation was slightly different from the records of "Nanqili, Yongcheng, Qin Degong and Zheng Miyagi in Yongxian County" quoted in Historical Records Justice of Qin Benji.

This conclusion is also consistent with 196 1963, the investigation and trial excavation results of Nanguan ancient city site on the north bank of Yongshui, about 3 kilometers south of Fengxiang County. On the basis of a basic understanding of the shape and scope of the South Ancient City Wall, according to the excavation and unearthed cultural relics, the age of its wall should belong to the Western Han Dynasty.

Extended data:

Yongcheng was the capital of Qin in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in China. It was the capital of Qin from the first year of Qin Degong (677 BC) to the second year of Qin Xiangong (383 BC). In 294, when the capital was established, there were 19 Qin monarchs in power here, which was the longest time for Qin to establish its capital.

Yongcheng is a "city cut by the river" with the river as its city and a "Qin Dou on the water". After 200 years of defending the enemy with water, Qin first built the city wall. Located in Fengxiang, Baoji, Shaanxi Province, there is Qin Yongcheng Site, one of the top ten archaeological sites in China.

As early as the Neolithic Age, human beings lived and multiplied here.

During the Western Zhou Dynasty, it was a part of Joo Won?, which was one of the vassals of the Western Zhou Dynasty.

During the reign of Wang and Zhou (78 1 year), Xirong's forces developed and went deep into Guanzhong, threatening and fighting frequently. "Zhou avoid dijon difficult, move the capital in the east. Xiang Gong sent Zhou Pingwang with soldiers. Ping Wang made Xiang Gong a vassal. Give the land to the west of Qi, saying: If Rong has no way to invade my rich land, he will attack and pursue Rong, but if he gains the land, he will swear to be knighted. "From then on, the Qin dynasty as a vassal state had a fief.

In the eighth year of Qin Xianggong (770 BC), Qin was at war with Rong and Di. At first, Qin was defeated. In the twelfth year of Qin Xianggong (766 BC), he set out to attack Rong and Di again, and he was "in a foreign land". After Xianggong's death, the Qin people returned to the former residence of Huang Xi. In three years (763 BC), he led 700 people to "March eastward and fight against the North". At the age of 20, he migrated by hunting and fought against Rong and Di in the middle.

In the fourth year of Qin Wengong (762 BC), Qin won the "Thousand Wei Hui" (located in Huali, northeast of Meixian County 15) and settled in Guanzhong, the hometown of Zhou people. After Qin occupied the "Thousand Wei Hui", it built a city here. In the 16th year of Qin Wengong (750 BC), he led an army to attack Rong, which was defeated, and Qin took control of Qi.

In the fifty years of Qin Wengong (before 7 15), Wen Gong died, Ning Gong () succeeded to the throne, and Qin moved its capital to Pingyang (now Yangping Town, chencang district City, Baoji City), destroying its capital-Dangshe (northwest of Jin 'an, where Sanyuan meets Xingping) to control the western regions of Guanzhong and Jianping Yanggong.

In the first year of Qin Degong (677 BC), he first migrated to Yong (now Fengxiang). From then on, Fengxiang became Qin Dou. In the thirty-seventh year (623 BC), Qin Mugong dominated the world. From then on, he tried to be filial and strong, which laid the foundation for the first emperor to unify China.

Yongcheng site is located on the loess plateau on the north bank of Weihe River in the west of Guanzhong, which is the southern suburb of Fengxiang County in this city. It is the third batch of national key cultural relics protection units announced by the State Council in June198865438+1October 13. Yongxian County was established here in Han Dynasty, and palaces in Yongcheng and Qin Dynasty are still in use.

Emperor Gaozu also built a place to worship heaven and earth at the monarch of Qin, that is, the upper temple was in Wuyang, the lower temple was in Wuyang, and the northern territory was added. According to Hanshu, from the 15th year of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty (before 165) to the first year of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty (before 8), the Emperor of the Western Han Dynasty came to worship five people *** 18 times, of which Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty made eight times. After the Han Dynasty, Yongcheng gradually declined, and it was renamed Fengxiang County in the Tang Dynasty, which is still in use today.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-Yongcheng