How many Zhangji villages are there in Suining County, Jiangsu Province?

A brief introduction to the history of Zhangji Village, Guanshan Town, Suining County

Zhang Cunjun and Zhang Demin

The history of Zhangji Village was called Zhangjiaji, Zhangwei, Zhangjiajiwei, Lailong Village, Dongzheng Village. It is located at 33°44′ north latitude and 117°50′ east longitude, 25 kilometers southwest of Suining County, 7.5 kilometers southwest of Guanshan Town, and on the north bank of the Laosuo River, the boundary river between Jiangsu and Anhui. To the north are Songshan Village, Xiaoyuan and Louzhang Villages, to the east are Qianhuang Village, to the west are Shuizhang Village and Liji, to the south are Lao Suihe River, and to the south of Suihe River are Xiaosong Village, Sunyi Village, Xiaosong Village, Dazhuang Town, Sixian County, Anhui Province. Haozhuang, Xipeng Village. In the twelfth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1886 AD), it was Lizhuangshe, Daying Township, Suining County. After 1950, it was designated as Axishan Township, Liji District, Suining County (Teams 1-4 are Dongzheng Village, and Teams 5-9 are Lailong Village). In 1957, the district was withdrawn and merged with the township to become Tuanjie Third Cooperative of Huangwei Township, Suining County. From 1958 to 2000, it was changed to Zhangji Brigade of Huangwei Commune, Suining County. In 2000, after the township was withdrawn and merged with the town, it was changed to Zhangji Village, Guanshan Town, Suining County.

The current Zhangji Village is composed of three natural villages: Zhangji, Xiaoliu and Xiaozhao. There are 9 teams and 12 groups (the first team is divided into South 1 and North 1, and the second team is divided into East 2) , West 2, and 3 teams are divided into East 3 and West 3). The total area of ??the village is 9 square kilometers, the arable land area is more than 5,000 acres, and the residential population is more than 3,000 people. Most of them have the surnames of Zhang, Zhao, and Song, and Liu and Wang , Hu, Li, Zhu, Xie, Yin, Sun, Su, Gong, Tang, Tian, ??Xu, Jing... Most of them are Han nationality, and only one married woman is Xibe nationality. The main crops are wheat and corn.

Zhangji is an ancient village. There are several things in history that Zhangji people have to know: one is Sanshan Hall, the other is Zhangji Temple, the third is Zhangjiwei, and the fourth is Zhangji Village. market.

A long time ago, most of the residents in Zhangji were surnamed Wang. Later, due to the Yellow River's many breaches in Suining, the residents surnamed Wang gradually moved away from this place, resulting in a lack of people, sand and siltation. ruins.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the founder of Sanshan Hall, Zhang Song and Zhao, came here to settle down and thrive, so he named it Zhangjiaji.

More than half a mile north of Zhangjizhuang, there turned out to be a large river running from northwest to southeast. The ancestral grave of Zhang, Song and Zhao I was located on the south bank of the river. Once the Yellow River burst, villagers surnamed Zhang, Song and Zhao fled to Songshan Mountain. They set up a tent to stay temporarily, because there was no soil on the mountain, and there was stagnant water at the bottom of the mountain. There was no land. Only the ancestral tomb of Zhang, Song and Zhao I was above the water. They used wooden rafts to get earth from the ancestral tomb to build a stove. After the flood, Zhang, Song and Zhao The tombs of the first generation became smaller, and people were busy rebuilding their homes and did not consider adding to the ancestral tombs. After many times of siltation, the river disappeared, and the ancestral tombs of the first generation of Zhang, Song and Zhao were also buried deep underground. It was not until the 25th year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty that the three surnames of Zhang, Song and Zhao were rebuilt and an empty tomb was built on the site of the ancestral grave in Sanshantang. A monument was erected to commemorate it, and a dedicated person was assigned to clean it. The cemetery was three and a half acres, and hundreds of pines and cypresses were planted. The stele is engraved with: "Gai Wen said that water has a source, trees have origins, and people have ancestors. My ancestor moved to Suining, and three of his compatriots took their father's surname from Zhishan as their surname, so they are called Sanshantang. But forty-five miles southwest of the county seat In the northwest corner of the Zhangjiaji, Qian said: This is Lao Ying, the second and third eldest son of the Zhao family of my ancestor Zhang Song. In addition to the eldest Ying, there are nine Yings surrounding it. They have been building more over the years, and the forts are in sight. Zhaomu's position is in order, but the era is far away, the vicissitudes have changed, the sand and silt are confusing, the mountain direction is unclear, the husband and the descendants have the sincerity to pursue the distant future, and the Qingming sacrifices are not ignorant of the spirit, they should also come to enjoy it gracefully, and the story is about the top. At the end, cut the stone and keep the photo." Later, during the Cultural Revolution, the ancestral tombs of Zhang, Song and Zhao I were razed to the ground again due to the destruction of the Four Olds, and the tombs were turned into cultivated land. In 1990, the three surnames of Zhang, Song and Zhao of Sanshan Hall were renewed again and an empty ancestral tomb was rebuilt 20 to 30 meters away from the original ancestral tomb and a new monument was erected. The broken 25-year-old Daoguang monument was placed beside the new monument.

There is a temple in the northeast corner of Zhangji Village, which was originally the Guanyin Pavilion. When the temple was first built and rebuilt during the Daoguang period, there were original stele records. However, due to people's lack of awareness of protection, the stele has disappeared. I remember that the three rooms in the north were built on a one-meter-high blue stone platform with green bricks and small tiles eaves. They were burned down by fire before liberation. To the east, there are three east halls with bluestone platforms and green bricks and small tiles. Later, they collapsed due to years of disrepair. To the south, there are three front halls with bluestone platforms and green bricks and small tiles without beams, which are more than one meter high and more than 70 centimeters thick. There are 4 large pillars, and the beams are all made of stacked logs and tenon structures. The roof pressure is supported by the walls and four pillars. Due to disrepair, the roof collapsed and was demolished. There is a stone tablet in the front hall, which is the reconstruction of Guanyin Pavilion. Donations to the memorial.

There is a large pond to the east of the temple. Next to the pond is a well surrounded by bluestones. The water in the well is clear and sweet, and can provide domestic water for residents with a radius of more than 3 miles.

The west courtyard of the temple is the ancestral hall of Zhang, Song and Zhao Sanshantang. It has three main halls and three west rooms. The tablets and genealogy of the ancestors of Sanshantang are enshrined in the main hall. The three west rooms are blue bricks and gray with eaves corridors. It has a tile structure, and there are dozens of huge cypress pines behind the west building. The ancestral hall was first built in the 61st year of Kangxi, then in the 25th year of Daoguang, the third in the 16th of Guangxu, and the fourth in the sixth year of the Republic of China. After liberation, it was converted into a school together with Guanyin Pavilion. It was demolished in the 1980s due to years of disrepair and the relocation of the school.

There is a small bay in the southwest of Sanshantang Ancestral Hall. Beside the bay, there are many willow trees planted by the ancestors of Zhang Zhiming of the Xisan Team, all of which are more than 2 meters thick. This Xiaowang has more than 3 acres of land, which was originally fertile farmland. Due to the construction of the Sanshantang ancestral hall, Zhang Zhiming's ancestors donated the land to prepare the foundation for the Sanshantang ancestral hall.

I heard word of mouth from some old people that in the 25th year of Daoguang's reign, someone once summoned knowledgeable people from Sanshan Hall and some prestigious tribesmen in Suining, Jiangsu, Sizhou, Wuhe, Anhui and other places. Ten people stayed in Zhangji for more than a month and compiled a set of manuscripts of the "Sanshantang Genealogy" to be enshrined in the Sanshantang ancestral hall. Later, they were invited by the Song clan of Sanshantang in Xiaoliu Lane, Wuhe, Anhui Province. Their whereabouts are still unknown. Although the genealogy is It cannot be found, but the eight generation characters "Yun, Lu, Jin (now), Shi (Shi, Shi), Yi, De, Zhi, Hong" specified in the 25th year of Daoguang's reign were indeed strictly adopted by the Sanshantang people. The main contribution to the stable generational structure of the Tang clan.

The time when Zhang Ji started gathering was around the Qianlong period. At that time, the society was stable, the economy was developed, people had plenty of food and clothing, and there were excess supplies that needed to be bought and sold. The streets of Zhangji Market are in the shape of an "L". The North and South Streets, also known as Front Streets, are located in the middle of the queue. The south end of the street is the Zhangji Wharf on the Suihe River, and the north end of the street is connected to Zhangji East and West Streets. The north-south street is more than 1 mile long, and the east-west street is more than 2 miles long. The main streets on the north and south streets are oil shops, wine shops, department stores, and cattle shops. There is a Chinese medicine store on the East and West Streets, including Master Zhang Zhimei from the East Third Team; Master Chen Huicai from the Fourth Team who moved from the northwest Chenji and specializes in etiquette for weddings and weddings, commonly known as "carrying oil bowls"; and the Sixth Team who moved from Li Ji. There is a pig slaughterer named Li in the team; there are also carpenters who live in teams three and six, people who make mats, people who make eight buckets in teams three and four... The market is quite prosperous, with all kinds of things. Later, due to the war and chaos, the people were in dire straits, the land was in a remote location, and management was poor. After several generations, the market (markets on the third, eighth, fifth, and tenth day of the lunar calendar) was resold (it is said that it was sold to Shunhe Market at first, and then to Shunhe Market). At the beginning of this century, the people of Zhangji tried to restore the market many times, but they were unable to restore it.

The east side of Zhangjiweizi is located between the fourth team and the fifth team, and the west side is between the sixth team and Xiaoliuzhuang. It was built in the first year of Tongzhi by the then squire Zhang Lusu (with the courtesy name Jingzhai, Folks call him Jing Ye, because he is responsible for the southwestern part of the county (also known as Southwest Jing) and led the villagers to build the Weizi. It is 150 bows long from east to west, 150 bows long from north to south, and 350 bows long in circumference. There are two Wei gates, and the south gate is located in Lao The North and South Roads are bounded to the east of the village. The North Fair Gate is located near the residence of Zhang Zhiming of the 5th Team. There are 4 blockhouses on the fair wall. There is a fair ditch over 3 meters deep and 6 meters wide on the edge of the fair. There is a bluestone circle in the southwest corner of the fair. The well, located at the junction of the front houses of Zhang Dexuan and Zhang Junzhi, provided water for the residents in the Weizi. It was later hidden under the houses. As the population in the Weizi increased, after liberation, a well was circled with bluestones in the southeast corner of the Weizi. , still exists today.

After Zhangji had a polder, it became known as the polder inside and the polder outside. The village owner was also called the polder master. There were 4 polder masters in Zhangji Village: Zhang Lusu and Zhang Jinhan (voiced by Zhang Ji) Name: Yunhui), Zhang Shiya, and Zhang Shigu, they once managed 18 villages. The polders are very open-minded, and they manage in a feudal paternalistic manner. They do not bully the villagers, and provide appropriate relief to those who have no food to eat in years of disaster and every year when the economy is lean. They made village rules and regulations, which prohibited anyone from doing bad things, bullying others, stealing, beating, swearing, seizing other people's property and land, and husbands beating their wives. If you are bullied, you can tell the polder, if something is stolen, you can tell the polder, and the polder will search and deal with it for you. The polder will determine the boundary for buying land and selling homesteads, and no one is allowed to move the stone boundary at will. The place has been in a state of peace and no one dares to make mistakes.

The villagers of Zhangji have experienced many hardships in history. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang rebelled, and wars continued in Fengyang, Anhui. There was a private school teacher named Liu in Fengyi (that is, Fengyang) who was named Yutang. During the war, he led his whole family to sing and sing together and settled in Zhangji Xiaoliuzhuang. Liu Yutang gave birth to 4 sons, in order of eldest and youngest: Liu Guanwen, Liu Guanzhang, Liu Guanfu, and Liu Guanlu. The Liu family focused on studying, farming and passing down the family, and eventually achieved success. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, three brothers served as officials in the court. The Liu family was powerful and had a vicious dog to protect the courtyard and an evil eagle to kill people. There are two Liujia Horse Racing Avenues at the starting point, one east to west, passing through the middle of Zhangjizhuang, reaching Yanghuai Zhaozhuang in the east, and Zhouwang in the west; the other north-south, running at the junction of Zhangji and Xiaoliuzhuang , reaching Wan'an in the south and Songshan in the north. It is said that the three Liu brothers were officials in the same dynasty as Liu Yong. Liu Yong wanted to establish a family relationship with them, but the Liu brothers did not dare to recognize them. Liu Yong tried to get the emperor to ask the three brothers to donate money. After donating several times, the three Liu brothers had no money to donate. , Liu Yong sued the three brothers of the Liu family for committing the crime of deceiving the emperor. The court demoted the three brothers of the Liu family to serve as civilians, and the Liu family declined.

During the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Revolution, the Nian Army of Huaibei Rebel Zhang Laole had to pass through Zhangji. There was a man named Song "Lu" in Zhangji who was a soldier in the Nian Army. The leader of the village passed through him. He gave gifts to the leader of the Nian army, and the leader promised not to harass Zhangjiweizi, where many people gathered. However, because the Nian Army missed a small leader when dividing gifts, when the team approached Zhangjiwei, the little leader ordered his troops to rush towards Zhangjiwei (they did not break the Wezi, just to vent their anger and scare them). As a result, the villagers in the polder were in chaos. Many people climbed out of the polder wall and fled. Some fled to Qianhuangxi Lake and were recovered. More than 100 people still fell into the polder snow cave and died.

During Japan's invasion of China, a New Fourth Army team stationed at Wan'an in Zhangjinan took advantage of Zhangjiweizi, which is located at the junction of Si, Ling, and Sui counties, close to the Laosuo River, with complex terrain and a Weizi Walls, ditches and a large ditch leading directly to the Laosu River launched a sneak attack on the Japanese soldiers near Zhangji. The Japanese hated Zhangjiweizi. Once the Japanese convoy came to Zhangji Village and stopped on the road behind it, sending Some puppet troops burned Zhangjiweizi, and the Japanese soldiers walked away when they saw the fire on the village. Thanks to the timely arrival of the New Fourth Army troops, they drove away the puppet troops and put out the fire, Zhangjiweizi was able to avoid a disaster.

During the Kuomintang administration, the local government used the bandit teams recruited to set up an armed squadron in Zhangji. Members of this squadron often disturbed people and robbed people at night.

During the Anti-Japanese War and the War of Liberation, Zhangji villagers, under the leadership of the Communist Party, actively raised food and money to support the front line. All the grain raised by Zhangji Village was stored in the yard of the polder owner, and then transported to the front line in small cars. During this period, many people were rated as front-line model, such as: Hu Changshun, Zhang Yizhen, Li Deyan, Wang Chengzhen, etc.

During the war years, many young people from Zhangji Village actively joined the army and made significant contributions to the country. Some became combat heroes, such as the lone heroes Zhang Shihua, Zhang Dechun, Zhang Ai, etc. He became a general, such as Lu Xiangsheng and others.

One day around 1946, Li Ya, the head of Dongxiang Township in the Communist town, was staying in Zhangji at night. He was discovered by the local Kuomintang soldiers to report to their superiors. The two men dragged Mr. Li to Gaolou Town, Lingbi County, more than 20 miles away from Zhangji, on a cold winter road full of ice and debris. Mr. Li was tortured, but he was unyielding and died heroically. He was 23 years old at the time.

During the Great Leap Forward in 1958, Zhangji Village wanted to grow rice on the Sui River. Across the river, Sun Yi Village of Dazhuang Commune in Si County also had plans to grow rice. The two sides were competing for water (the old Sui River was under the rule of the Kuomintang). During this period, no one was dredging, and there was very little water in the river). They fought for water and prepared to fight. This incident alarmed the Anhui Provincial Government, the Provincial Public Security Department, and the Water Resources Department. Leaders visited the site to inspect it. After research, in order to avoid future disputes , the Anhui Provincial Government decided to cut off the old Sui River from the Huitang Valley in Lingbi and divert it to open a new river course, named Xin Sui River. Since then, the Lao Sui River, which has been flowing for several decades and has the functions of drainage and navigation, has lost its original functions below the middle reaches and has become a waste river.

A soldier who died during the Anti-Japanese War was buried in the field south of Dawang in the Zhangji San Brigade. The local people said he was a New Fourth Army soldier. During the Cultural Revolution, people in the village wanted to build a Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. After peeling it off, I found that the cap emblem was the Kuomintang cap emblem. I thought it was a Kuomintang soldier, so I buried it again. Whether the soldier who died in battle was a member of the Kuomintang Party or a revolutionary martyr is still a mystery. (During the Kuomintang cooperation, the New Fourth Army’s military uniform cap emblem was the same as the Kuomintang’s military uniform cap emblem)

The second Zhang Jixu advocated that Jin Han’s big seal should be an oval seal with a square wooden handle and the top It is a larger square wood (button) with six regular script characters "Zhangjiaji Datong Blue" engraved on it. There is a five-pointed star in the center below, and the ink pad is blue.

Zhangji Sixth Group (around the original village) has unearthed the daily necessities of ancient people many times, including a green leather jar, a small upside-down sand vat, large car nails, etc. Fan Zhenqimen in the west of the village A large pile of slabs was excavated before, all of which were dug about two meters underground.