Where is Binchuan County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province located?

Located in: Binchuan County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Binchuan County is located in the western part of Yunnan Province, in the hot dry valley area on the south bank of the Jinsha River. It is located at 25°23′～26°12′ north latitude and 100°16′～100°59′ east longitude. It borders Dayao County of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture to the east, Xiangyun County to the south, Dali City and Eryuan County to the west, and Heqing County and Yongsheng County of Lijiang Region to the north. The maximum direct distance between the county borders is 72.8 kilometers from north to south and 68.7 kilometers from east to west. The county seat is 68 kilometers away from the state capital Dali City (Xiaguan) and 394 kilometers away from the provincial capital Kunming.

Historical evolution

The name "Binchuan" evolved from Binju·Binjuchuan·Binchuan. During the Warring States Period, it belonged to Ye Yudi, in the Western Han Dynasty it belonged to Yizhou County, in the Eastern Han Dynasty it belonged to Yongchang County, in the Shu Han Dynasty, the Western Jin Dynasty, and the Northern Zhou Dynasty it belonged to Yunnan County. In the Sui Dynasty, Yuexi Prefecture was established. During the Tang Emperor Gaozong, it belonged to Yaozhou Prefecture. In the seventh year of Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty, Binchuan Prefecture was established. The administrative center is the state city. In the 2nd year of the Republic of China (1913), the prefecture was changed to the county-owned Tengyue Road (today's Tengchong County). In the 18th year of the Republic of China, the road was abolished and belonged to the province. On December 23, 1949, Binchuan was peacefully liberated. On January 1, 1950, the Binchuan County Party Committee and the County People's Government of the People's Republic of China were established. It belongs to the Dali Administrative Commissioner's Office and the county seat. In 1956, the county party committee and government moved to Shiliu Village. In 1958, they moved to Niujing. On August 13, 2002 On the same day, Niujing and Taihe towns were evacuated and Jinniu town was built. In December 2005, Gudi Township was withdrawn and merged into Pingchuan Town.

Binchuan County is the production base county for commercial grain, high-quality tobacco, geranium oil and citrus in Yunnan Province. The rice "Gui Chao No. 2" has the highest yield per unit area in the country. Citrus is famous throughout Yunnan and has won the reputation of "the hometown of orange fruits". The three overseas Chinese farms within the territory have the potential to introduce foreign investment, technology and talents. Jizu Mountain, a Buddhist holy land, is famous in Southeast Asia and is a famous tourist attraction.

Binchuan has a long history. The name "Binchuan" evolved from Binju--Binjuchuan--Binchuan. The name "Binju" was first seen in "Man Shu" written by Fan Chuo of Tang Dynasty. In the seventh year of Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty (1494), Taihe County, Yunnan County, and Zhaozhou were cut off and Binchuan Prefecture was established, and the state city was governed. Qingyin. In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), the prefecture was changed into a county. On December 23, 1949, Binchuan was peacefully liberated. On January 1, 1950, the Binchuan County Party Committee and County People's Government of the Communist Party of China were established. In 1958, the county party committee and the county people's government moved to Niujing Street. In November of that year, Binchuan, Xiangyun and Midu counties were merged into Xiangyun County. In March 1961, the major counties were removed and the organizational system of Binchuan County was restored. In 2002, the county governed 11 towns including Jinniu, Qiaodian, Binju, Zhoucheng, Lijiao, Daying, Liandong, Pingchuan, Gudi, Zhongying, and Lawu, and 3 towns: Binju, Taihe, and Caifeng. State-owned overseas Chinese farm. There are 84 villagers committees, 646 villager groups, and 844 natural villages under the townships. The farm has 7 economic zones and 3 production service stations. At the end of 2000, the county had 83,382 households and 324,412 people; the population density was 117 people per square kilometer.

Ethnic Population

Binchuan is a multi-ethnic county inhabited mainly by Han people. There are 24 ethnic groups living in the territory, including Han, Bai, Yi, Lisu, Hui and Miao. There are 7 living ethnic groups including Lahu, Tibetan, Zhuang, Dai, Naxi, Yao, Bulang, Wa, Hani, Jingpo, Nu, Shui, Dong, Buyi, and Manchu who have returned to Binchuan due to work and marriage. 14 ethnic groups. There are 71,302 ethnic minorities, accounting for 21.58% of the total population. There are two ethnic townships, Lawu Yi Township and Zhongying Lisu Yi Township. The county's ethnic minorities are mainly concentrated in mountainous and semi-mountainous areas. Among the ethnic minority populations with more than 100 people, there are: 42,897 Bai people, accounting for 13% of the total population; 19,973 Yi people, accounting for 6% of the total population; 271 Dai people, accounting for 0.01% of the total population; and 453 Miao people, accounting for 10% of the total population. 0.01%; Lisu people are 5,897, accounting for 1.8% of the total population; Lahu people are 251, accounting for 0.01% of the total population; Yao people are 104, accounting for 0.01% of the total population.

Natural resources

Binchuan is located on the edge of the Yunling Hengduan Mountains, on the south bank of the Jinsha River in the southwest of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. The Chenghai fault zone runs through the Binchuan Dam area from north to south. The main mountains, dams, and rivers in the territory mostly run in a north-south direction. The terrain is high in the east and west and low in the middle. The highest is the peak of Muxiangping in the northwest, with an altitude of 3,320 meters; the lowest is where the Yupao River merges into the Jinsha River, with an altitude of 1,104 meters; the central county town of Jinniu Town has an altitude of 1,430 meters. The two major mountain ranges in the east and west crisscross each other, and the rift basins between the mountains constitute 10 dams in the territory. There are four water systems in the territory: Naxi River, Pingchuan River, Qingshui River and Duobeiqing River. The Naxi River is the largest, running through the central Binchuan dam area, and the Liandong River has the largest water volume among its tributaries.

Binchuan belongs to the mid-subtropical low-latitude plateau monsoon climate zone with dry winters and wet summers. Main features: sufficient light and heat, rich heat, drought and little rain, and obvious three-dimensional climate. The annual average temperature is 17.9°C, the annual frost period is 100-120 days, the average annual sunshine hours are 2719.4 hours, the average annual total solar radiation is 124.895-155.022 kcal/_, and the average annual rainfall is 559.4 mm, the lowest in the province. The average annual wind speed is 1.8 meters/second, and the wind direction is mostly southwesterly. Northerly winds often appear before and during rain. The climate is extremely suitable for the growth of crops.

Binchuan is rich in natural resources. The soils are diverse and rich in species.

According to the third forest resources census in 1979, the county had a forest area of ??66,590.508 hectares, a coverage rate of 25.99%, and a standing stock volume of 4.6471 million cubic meters. There are 123 species of trees. The main tree species include Yunnan pine, Huashan pine, Yunnan oil fir, Cangshan fir, Yuanjiang castanopsis, dwarf mountain oak, and red toon. Economic forest trees include citrus, walnut, chestnut, peach, pear, tung tree, coffee, Eucalyptus globulus etc. There are 394 species of Chinese medicinal plants. There are more than 50 kinds of wild animals, among which rare animals include leopards, golden monkeys, Buddha chanting birds, etc. The mineral deposits include more than 10 types of minerals, including lead, zinc, copper, iron, gold, silver, salt, coal, limestone, silica, marble, and sulfonite, and 33 mineral deposits. The river runoff within the territory is 434 million cubic meters. Due to the uneven distribution of precipitation and runoff in time and region, and the high and steep slopes of the eastern mountains and short water sources, a large amount of water flows into the Jinsha River during the flood season. The water volume is insufficient during the non-flood season, and the utilization rate is less than half. Water resources need to be imported from outside.

In recent years, Binchuan County’s financial work has adhered to the Scientific Outlook on Development as its guide, deepened reforms, accelerated development, adhered to the financial work policy of “first, food, and second, construction”, and paid close attention to increasing revenue and reducing expenditure. Optimize the expenditure structure, steadily advance various fiscal and tax reforms, strengthen fiscal management and supervision, strive to overcome problems such as prominent contradictions in fiscal revenue and expenditure and difficulties in fund allocation, and ensure a balanced revenue and expenditure every year.

The county's GDP in 2005 was 2,273.6 million yuan, an increase of 19.79% over 2003, of which the primary industry was 1,172.38 million yuan, an increase of 10.04%, and the secondary industry was 435.36 million yuan, an increase of 38.39%, of which The industry was 228.67 million yuan, an increase of 20.29%; the construction industry was 206.69 million yuan, an increase of 65.75%; the tertiary industry was 665.86 million yuan, an increase of 28.5%. The structure of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries changed from 56:17:27 in 2003 to 52:19 :29; The fixed asset investment of the whole society was 452.82 million yuan, an increase of 71.76% over 2003; the total fiscal revenue was 107.96 million yuan, an increase of 3.70% over 2003; the total retail sales of consumer goods was 454.75 million yuan, an increase of 24.32% over 2003; farmers The per capita net income was 2,338 yuan, an increase of 15.00% over 2003.

Tourist Attractions

Binchuan has a famous tourist attraction - Jizu Mountain, a Buddhist holy land. As early as the Song Dynasty, there were monks who went to the mountains to build grass and practice cultivation. During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, it had developed to a scale of 11 temples and 20 nunneries. During the Shunzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, there were "eight large temples, three ancient and four small temples, five out of sixty eunuchs, and more than one hundred and seventy quiet rooms" (Da Cuo's "Jizu Mountain Zhizhang Illustration"). There are many temples and nunneries in the mountain, with thousands of monks, incense smoke and melodious Sanskrit music. Since then, Buddhism has gradually declined, coupled with the severe damage caused by the "Cultural Revolution", most of the buildings in the mountain collapsed. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, some temples were renovated, tourist facilities were improved, and famous mountains and scenic spots regained their appearance. On the mountain, there are four views of the sun, sea, clouds and snow, which were praised by the famous traveler Xu Xiake as "the best in the country", as well as the Eight Scenic Spots of Jizu that make people linger and forget to leave. In addition, there are many mountains in the mountains, tall and straight peaks, thousands of dangerous walls, hundreds of streams contending, temples shaded by trees, birds singing and flowers fragrant. It is a mountain that is majestic, strange, secluded and beautiful. It can be said that there are scenes everywhere. The eminent monks Dacuo, Dandan and Xuyun have lived in this mountain for a long time. Celebrities such as Xu Xiake, Yang Shen, Li Zhi, Xu Beihong and others have gone up to the mountain to explore the secluded places and explore the wonders, leaving behind a large number of poems, calligraphy and paintings. Because the natural vegetation on the mountain is well preserved, there are many wild animals. In 1981, it was listed as a key nature reserve by the Provincial People's Government, and in 1982 by the State Council as a key scenic spot. In 1983, Zhusheng Temple and Tongdian Temple were listed as national Han Buddhist open temples. Tourists have been visiting the mountain continuously since the Ming Dynasty. In recent years, the number of domestic and foreign tourists has gradually increased, reaching more than 100,000 per year. In addition, there are Daying Guanyin Pavilion, which is listed as one of Dali's scenic tourist spots, Nanxun Bridge, the memorial site of the Second and Sixth Army's Long March of the Red Army, and Pingchuan Guanyin Temple with quiet and elegant scenery.

Jizu Mountain Scenic Area

Jizu Mountain is located in the northwest corner of Binchuan County, 100 kilometers away from Dali City and 400 kilometers away from Kunming. It is a famous Buddhist mountain in my country and is closely related to the four major Buddhist mountains. The famous mountains of Emei, Wutai, Jiuhua and Putuo are equally famous. Jizu Shanxi is adjacent to Dali and Eryuan, and is connected to Heqing in the north. It is 7 kilometers long from east to west and 6 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of ??2822 hectares. It is named because the mountain has three peaks in the front and a ridge behind it, like a chicken foot.

Jizu Mountain faces Cangshan Erhai Lake in front and Jinsha River in the back. There are 40 strange ridges, 13 dangerous peaks, 34 cliffs and 45 secluded caves in the whole mountain. , there are more than a hundred springs and pools. The hills, gullies, forests, valleys and gorges constitute the majestic, beautiful, quiet and strange natural landscape of Jizu Mountain. Xu Xiake, a geographer of the Ming Dynasty, once visited the mountain twice and praised Jizu Mountain for its "wonders of both ancient and modern times". The main peak of Jizu Mountain is Tianzhu Peak, with an altitude of 3240 meters. When you climb to the top of the mountain, you can see the sunrise in the east, auspicious clouds in the south, Cang'er Lake in the west, and Jade Dragon Snow Mountain in the north. Xu Xiake concentrated the sun, sea, clouds, Xue was amazed by the "four views" and believed that one of these four views would be regarded as extraordinary. Tianzhu Peak has all four views, which can not only be the first of Jizu Mountain, but also the crown of the sea. In addition to the "Four Views", Jizu Mountain also has "Tianzhu Buddha's Light", "Huashou Qinglei", "Erhai Lake Huilan", "Cangshan Snow", "Ten Thousand Valleys Pine Waves", "Flying Waterfall Through the Clouds", Eight scenes such as "Sunset on the Hanging Rock" and "Autumn Moon in the Pagoda Courtyard" were chanted by poets of all ages.

Jizu Mountain not only has beautiful scenery, but also is one of the famous Buddhist holy places in my country. According to legend, Kassapa, one of the ten disciples of Sakyamuni, came here to set up a "dojo" to preach Buddhism, holding a golden cassock and a relic of the Buddha's tooth. The Buddhist architecture on Jizu Mountain began in the Tang Dynasty, continued in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and was continued to be added until the Republic of China. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, Jizu Mountain had 42 large and small temples, 65 nunneries, more than 170 quiet rooms, and more than 5,000 monks. The most famous and best-preserved temple among the Jizu Mountain temples is the Zhusheng Temple. It was built by the eminent monk Xuyun in the Qing Dynasty with the support of Cixi. Emperor Guangxu named it the "Zhusheng Temple for Protecting the Country". The highest temple in Jizu Mountain is the Jinding Temple, which is located on the top of Tianzhu Peak, the main peak of Jizu Mountain. The Surangama Pagoda in the temple was built in 1929 by Long Yun, the chairman of Yunnan Province, at the request of the monks during his mountaineering trip. Yun wrote an inscription for Surangama Pagoda: "The Dharma is solemn." The temple with the largest scale of repair at present in Jizu Mountain is the Kasyapa Hall. It was initiated by President Kuan Lin of Wenshu Monastery in Sichuan and rebuilt by Master Hongdao, the eldest disciple. It was completed in 1994. The temple has four levels. The seated Kasyapa statue carved from sandalwood is 3.3 meters high and weighs 1.6 tons. _

Jizu Mountain is cut by three large faults. The central area is an intermountain depression formed by the faults. The Sittan River runs through it. Zunsheng Pagoda Courtyard and Sittan Temple are located along both sides of the river. , Zhusheng Temple, Jingguang Temple, Shizhong Temple, Dajue Temple and other large temple complexes as well as countless nunneries, pavilions, pavilions, buildings and halls extend from bottom to top, like Buddha threads threaded through beads, all the way to the foot of Tianzhu Peak The Hui Deng Temple is the main route for visiting Jizu Mountain. Most of the temples in the mountains are built against the mountains and against the rocks. They are arranged at high and low levels in a well-proportioned manner, hidden among the green pines and cypresses. The architectural layout technique of covering and exposing forms a unique landscape. When visiting Jizu Mountain, the transportation conditions are very convenient. There is a tourist highway from Binchuan County to Zhusheng Temple. After arriving at Zhusheng Temple, tourists can ride a horse for about 4 kilometers to the Jizu Mountain Cableway. The 1811-meter-long cableway runs for 15 minutes. You can go directly to the Jinding Temple at the top of Tianzhu Peak.

Jizu Mountain has obvious characteristics of three-dimensional climate and vertical distribution of vegetation. The altitude is 1780 meters to 3240 meters. It is divided into hot and dry valley climate, warm and humid mountain climate and warm and cool humid sub-alpine climate. When the foothills experience scorching summer heat, there is winter at the top of the mountain. Vegetation distribution: Subtropical mountainous evergreen coniferous forests are located at an altitude of 1,800 to 2,300 meters, dominated by Yunnan pines with special twists, forming the "Ten Thousand Valley Pines", one of the eight scenic spots in Jizu Mountain; subtropical mountainous areas are located above an altitude of 2,300 meters. Evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forests, including Castanopsis, Quercus, Phoebe, Catalpa, Poplar and other species; above 2,400 meters above sea level are subtropical hilly and mountainous bamboo forests, which are the famous specialty "Fragrant Bamboo Shoots" producing areas; above 2,700 meters above sea level are Yuanjiang Castanopsis forest is a unique vegetation type in the Central Yunnan Plateau; above it is the subtropical and subalpine green broad-leaved forest Cangshan fir, which Xu Xiake calls "flat-top pine" and "flickering pine". The ridges leading to Jinding Temple are dominated by short alpine oak azaleas, including red brown azaleas, Yunnan azaleas, dewdrop azaleas, downy-leafed azaleas, etc. When the spring breeze brings warmth, the azaleas bloom like clouds and stretch for several miles. The view of Jizu Mountain is known as the "Azalea Corridor".

When people praise the scenery of Jizu Mountain, they sum it up in eight sentences: _

A bird (Kasyapa bird, also known as Maitreya bird or Buddha chanting bird, is a kind of bird) A bird with a beautiful and melodious cry);

Two teas (Yunnan camellia, one is lion tea and the other is Tongcaopian, which grew in Huayan Temple, both are ancient camellias from the Qing Dynasty);_

Three dragons (dragon palm, dragon bamboo, dragon claw azalea);_

Four views (watch the sunrise in the east, watch the auspicious clouds in the south, watch Cang'er in the west, and watch the Jade Dragon in the north);_

Five firs (fir, oil fir, cryptomeria, yew, Chinese fir);_

Six treasures (bamboo shoots, cold mushrooms, chestnuts, rock ginseng, peppercorns, pine nuts) ;_

Seven beasts (apes, red deer, blue sheep, deer, leopard, bear, wild boar);_

Eight sceneries (Tianzhu Buddha Light, Huashou Qinglei, Erhai Lake) mist, sunset on the cliff, Jade Dragon Waterfall, autumn moon in the pagoda courtyard, pines and waves in thousands of valleys, and snow on Cangshan Mountain)_

In 1980, Jizu Mountain was listed as a nature reserve and a key cultural relics reserve in Yunnan Province In 1982, it was listed by the State Council as one of the 44 scenic spots in the country. In 2004, it was rated as a national AAAA scenic spot. It is a scenic spot featuring Buddhist culture and forest parks. .

On November 25, 2020, the Ministry of Water Resources announced the third batch of counties (districts) that have met the standards for water-saving society construction, and Binchuan County was on the list.

On January 22, 2020, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development named Binchuan County as the 2019 National Garden County.

On October 29, 2019, Binchuan County was named one of the “Second Batch of National Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Counties” by the Ministry of Agriculture.

On August 27, 2019, the Yunnan Provincial People's Government listed Binchuan County as a "one county, one industry" demonstration county in Yunnan Province, and the representative industry is the fruit industry.

On February 21, 2017, Binchuan County was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education in the country in 2016.