The layout of tourist attractions in the Forbidden City introduces the landscape layout of the Forbidden City.

Introduction of scenic spots in the Forbidden City

The Forbidden City is the most complete and largest ancient wooden structure complex in China and even in the world, and is known as "the first of the five largest palaces in the world". The palaces centered on Gan Qing Palace, Jiaotai Palace, Kunning Palace, and the six palaces on the east and west sides are the residences of feudal emperors and empresses, also known as "three palaces and six courtyards".

Among them, the scenic spot is Shenwumen, which was called "Xuanwu Gate" in the Ming Dynasty. Xuanwu Gate is one of the four ancient beasts. From the azimuth, Zuo Qinglong, You Baihu, Qian Suzaku, Hou Xuanwu and Xuanwu live in the north, so the North Palace Gate of the Forbidden City is named "Xuanwu". During the reign of Emperor Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, it was renamed "Shenwumen" because of taboo. Shenwumen is also a city gate building, with the highest-grade double-eaved roof, but its main hall has only five bays and a veranda, and there are no wings extending forward from left to right, so it is one level lower than Wumen in shape. Shenwumen is the entrance guard for daily access to the palace. Now Shenwumen is the main entrance of the Palace Museum.

East and west gates, the east gate corresponds to the west gate, and there is a dismount monument outside the gate. In the gate, the golden water flows to the north of Henan, at Block Shiqiao/KLOC-0, and at the north of the bridge, there are three gates. Donghuamen and Xihuamen have the same shape, with a rectangular plane, a red podium and a white jade base, among which there are three coupon doors with excircle coupon holes. There are towers, yellow glazed tiles and double eaves on the rostrum. The tower is five rooms wide and three rooms deep, surrounded by corridors.

There is a square with an area of about 26,000 square meters in front of Taihe Gate, and the Jinshui River meanders from west to east. There are five stone bridges on the river, which are called Neijinshui Bridge. On both sides of the square are neatly arranged cloisters, called rooms facing east and west, opposite which are Concord Gate (called Huiji Gate in Ming Dynasty) and Xihe Gate (called Guiji Gate in Ming Dynasty).

In the Ming Dynasty, Dongxuan was used as a recording hall, a jade butterfly hall and a residence note hall. In the Qing Dynasty, it was changed into an imperial inspection office and an internal office. In the Ming Dynasty, the West Corridor was a pavilion for compiling Minghui Hall. In the Qing Dynasty, it was changed to _ study and residence halls.

The Hall of Supreme Harmony, commonly known as the "Golden Hall", was built in the 18th year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (1420) and named as Fengtian Hall. In the forty-first year of Jiajing (1562), it was renamed the Imperial Palace. In the second year of Qing Shunzhi (1645), it was renamed. It is the place where the emperor held a grand ceremony. Since its completion, it has been burned and rebuilt many times. What we see today is the shape after reconstruction in the thirty-fourth year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1695).

The Hall of Supreme Harmony is located at the back of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, with a height of 27 meters, a square plane, three rooms wide and three rooms deep, surrounded by corridors, and a construction area of 580 square meters. The yellow glazed tile has a pyramid-shaped roof with a single eaves and four corners, with a gold-plated top in the middle. Zhonghe Hall is the place where the emperor rested and practiced etiquette before going to the Hall of Supreme Harmony for a ceremony.

A detailed introduction to the scenic spots of the Forbidden City in Beijing?

The Forbidden City, also known as the Forbidden City, is located in the center of Beijing. Today, people call it the Forbidden City, which means the imperial palace in the past. The Forbidden City is 750 meters wide from east to west, 960 meters long from north to south, and covers an area of 720,000 square meters, making it the largest in the world. The whole building of the Forbidden City is surrounded by two solid defense lines, and the periphery is a moat with a width of 52 meters and a depth of 6 meters. Then there is the city wall with a circumference of 3 kilometers, which is nearly 10 meter high and 8.62 meters wide at the bottom. There are four gates on the city wall, with the Wumen Gate in the south, the Shenwu Gate in the north, the Donghua Gate in the east and the Xihua Gate in the west. There are four turrets at the four corners of the wall. The turret, with 72 roofs and three eaves, is exquisite and unique, and it is a masterpiece of ancient architecture in China.

Hall of Supreme Harmony

The Hall of Supreme Harmony, commonly known as the Golden Throne Hall, is the first of the "three halls" in the Forbidden City. It is built on a five-meter-high white marble pedestal, surrounded by carved dragon pillars. This is the largest building in the palace group. The temple is 36 meters high and 63 meters wide, covering an area of 2,380 square meters. On the platform two meters high in the center of the main hall is the golden throne of Qi Diao Dragon. Behind the throne are elegant screens, dragon pillars painted with gold powder and exquisite dragon caissons, which are magnificent. The Ming and Qing emperors ascended the throne, celebrated birthdays, celebrated the Spring Festival and celebrated the winter solstice.

Palace Museum Zhonghe Hall

After the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Zhonghe is one of the "three halls" in the Forbidden City. This temple is a single-eave square temple with a pyramid roof. 2 1 m per side, three rooms each, 20 corridors, yellow glazed tiles with four corners, pyramid-shaped roof, and gold-plated roof in the middle. The emperor went to the Hall of Supreme Harmony on business, so he took a nap here and accepted the worship of the Cabinet, the Ministry of Rites and the Imperial Guard. On the day before all kinds of gifts, the emperor also read out the memorial and congratulatory message here.

Baohe Hall in the Forbidden City

Baohe Hall, located behind Zhonghe Hall, is one of the "three halls" of the Forbidden City. Every year on New Year's Eve and Lantern Festival in the Qing Dynasty, the emperor feted princes and nobles and ministers of civil and military affairs here. During the Qianlong period, the triennial court examination was moved from the Hall of Supreme Harmony to here. The bedrooms on the east and west sides of Baohe Hall are now converted into art galleries of past dynasties, displaying China's art treasures from primitive society to the Qing Dynasty for about 6,000 years.

Forbidden City Gan Qing Palace

Gan Qing Palace is the main hall of the palace, with a throne and a plaque on it. It was the living room of the emperors of Ming and Qing dynasties, and also the place where they handled political affairs on weekdays. After Yongzheng, they moved out. Every year on New Year's Day, Lantern Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Winter Solstice, Wanshou and other festivals, family banquets are held here as usual, and the emperor also stops in this hall after his death.

Palace Museum Jiaotai Hall

Jiaotai Hall is the place where the queens of the Ming and Qing Dynasties celebrated their birthdays after the Qing Dynasty. 25 jade seals in the temple; The west side is decorated with chimes during the Qianlong period; On the east side is a copper pot dripping water, and the iron sign that Shunzhi, the ancestor of the Qing Dynasty, prohibited officials from interfering in political affairs also stood in this hall.

Kunning Palace in Forbidden City

In the Ming Dynasty, Kunning Palace was the queen's bedroom, also known as the Middle Palace. During the Shunzhi period, the Qingning Palace in Shenyang was rebuilt, and at the same time, the West Warm Pavilion was changed into a place for offering sacrifices to the gods, and Korean sacrifices, evening sacrifices, spring and autumn sacrifices and so on were often held. Dongnuange is the bridal chamber where emperors Shunzhi, Kangxi, Tongzhi and Guangxu got married.

The Royal Gardens in the Palace Museum

The Imperial Garden, formerly known as the Palace Garden, is now commonly known as the Imperial Garden. It covers an area of 1 1000 square meters and has more than 20 buildings. The landscape architecture takes Qin 'an Hall as the center, and adopts the pattern of complementary primary and secondary, symmetrical left and right, compact layout and rich classicism. The pile of Xiushan in the northeast of the temple is made of Taihu stone and has a royal pavilion built on it. Every year after the Double Ninth Festival, the emperor would climb here.

Explain in detail the tour routes and scenic spots of the Forbidden City.

The tour routes and attractions of the Forbidden City are explained in detail as follows:

Route introduction

Enter from Tiananmen Square, come to the end gate, pass through the end gate, and come to the meridian gate. The meridian gate is concave, which means that all rivers flow into the sea. Therefore, when the emperor sent a letter or received the "prisoner offering" from the victorious army, it was at the meridian gate to show his royal majesty, and the minister who "bangda" was also at the meridian gate.

Now the Wumen Gate is the ticket gate of the Palace Museum, which leads to the Palace Museum. On the east side of the Wumen Gate is the ancestral hall (now renamed the Working People's Cultural Palace), and on the west side is the social altar (now renamed Zhongshan Park). These two places can be accessed from the east and west sides in front of the noon gate, so they do not belong to the Palace Museum and need to purchase tickets separately.

Ancestral temples were places where ancestors were sacrificed in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and national altars were places where land gods and valley gods were sacrificed. Now both places have basically become leisure parks, with many ancient tree relics. It is worth mentioning that in Sun Yat-sen Park, you can see the national altar composed of five-color soil, each of which represents a different place in Kyushu and symbolizes the land of the world. You can also see statues and monuments related to Dr. Sun Yat-sen.

Entering the museum from the noon gate is the Taihe Gate. There are three doors in front of the meridian gate and five doors behind it, which is called "Sanming and Five Darkness". Now the two secret doors seem to be places for luggage and staff to rest. You can climb the wall from behind the meridian gate, and you can circle the Forbidden City from the wall.

Entering the Taihe Gate, there is the famous huge Hall of Supreme Harmony Square, and there are three main halls in the center of the Forbidden City: Hall of Supreme Harmony, Hall of Zhonghe and Hall of Baohe. They are located on a platform surrounded by three layers of white marble railings, symbolizing the supremacy of imperial power through the image of lotus platform in Buddhism. The faucet on the white marble railing is both a decoration and a drain. When it rains, water will come out of the dragon's mouth.

The Hall of Supreme Harmony is commonly known as the Golden Throne Hall, but the Hall of Supreme Harmony and the Hall of Supreme Harmony Square will only be used in large-scale celebrations, and it is not a place where civil and military officials go to court every day.

Behind the Baohe Hall is Tianjie, and Tianjie and the Gan Qing Gate in the middle are the dividing lines between the outer court and the inner court. The foreign court is the country and the imperial court is the home. After Ganqingmen, officials of civil and military affairs are not allowed to enter the imperial palace, and people in the harem before Ganqingmen are not allowed to break into the outer court. Wenwu Baiguan listened to politics in the open-air street in front of Gan Qing, aiming at listening to state affairs.

Introduction of scenic spots

Three main halls (Hall of Supreme Harmony, Hall of Zhonghe and Hall of Baohe)

On the west side of Tianjie is the military department, which was established by Yongzheng. As an organization trusted by the emperor, only imperial envoys can cross the threshold of the military department.

Behind the Gan Qing Gate are three palaces of the Forbidden City: Gan Qing Palace, Jiaotai Palace and Kunning Palace. Gan Qing Palace is the residence of the emperor, and Kunning Palace is the residence of the queen. The Jiaotai Hall in the middle means Gankun Jiaotai, and it is also the first palace with a phoenix pattern painted on its central axis.

On the east and west sides of the Three Palaces are the East, West and Sixth Palaces respectively, and in front of them are hall of mental cultivation and Zhai Palace. The arrangement of the six palaces is like Kun Gua in the Eight Diagrams, symbolizing women. The six palaces of East and West are the residences of ancient concubines. Today, some of these twelve palaces have become exhibition areas for cultural relics and Chinese and foreign cultures, while others are not open.

The last three palaces (Gan Qing Palace, Jiaotai Palace and Kunning Palace)

In front of the West Sixth Palace is hall of mental cultivation, which is the residence of Yongzheng and his later emperors (the emperor before Yongzheng lived in Gan Qing Palace, and hall of mental cultivation was a warehouse and craft workshop). To the west of the main hall of hall of mental cultivation is the famous Sanxi Hall, which means "virtue, virtue and bliss". In front of the East Sixth Palace is Zhai Palace.

Behind the Kunning Palace is the Kunning Gate, and behind it is the Royal Garden. There are many rockeries, pavilions and ancient trees in the garden, but tourists are not allowed to climb or drill holes in the rockeries. Behind the garden are Qin 'anmen and Qin 'an Hall, which are unique in shape and dedicated to Emperor Xuanwu representing the north.

Then the Shenwumen, the last emperor escaped from the palace gate of the Forbidden City and the exit of the Palace Museum. Opposite Shenwumen Road is Jingshan, and to the west of Jingshan is Beihai Park. They are all separate scenic spots and need to buy tickets separately. Before leaving Shenwumen, you can also go up the city wall, bypass the meridian gate, or get off at Donghuamen halfway.

The west axis can be accessed from the west side of Taihe Gate. In front is the Furniture Pavilion, which displays all kinds of exquisite furniture, and behind it is the Wuying Pavilion, which used to be the place where royal books were printed. On the west side of the main hall of Wuying Hall is Yude Hall, which is a rare bathhouse with European architectural style. There is a lot of controversy about its use.

There is 18 locust tree behind Wuying Hall, and there is an ice room behind it, which is used to store the ice cubes dug by Jinshui River and Beijing, used in winter and refrigerated in summer. Now it has become a tourist service area, a place for drinking tea and shopping.

Behind the ice room is the Cining Palace area, including the Imperial Garden of Cining Palace, the main hall of Cining Palace and Shoukang Palace. It is the place where Empresses and Toffees of past dynasties lived, worshipped Buddha and lived. At present, taking Empress Dowager Chongwen, the mother of Emperor Qianlong, as an example, this paper introduces the happy life of Empress Dowager Cixi in her later years in the form of unit exhibition. In addition, the Buddha Pavilion in the imperial garden is particularly beautiful.

The east line can also be accessed from the east side of Taihe Gate. On the east side of the three halls are Wenhua Hall and Wenyuan Pavilion, which are also the seat of the Cabinet. Unfortunately, neither of these two palaces has been developed. Behind the east road is the arrow pavilion, which displays the armor and weapons of emperors of past dynasties. Behind the Arrow Pavilion are Fengxian Hall and Ningshou Palace, so you need to buy tickets separately.

Fengxian Temple is near the northwest end, similar to the ancestral hall, and is usually a place to pray for ancestors. The clock hall should be exhibited in Fengxian Hall, but when I visited it, it was exhibited in the small hall in front of Fengxian Hall. The clocks and watches presented by various countries to the Qing court are exhibited in the Clock Hall. They are very exquisite, magical and ingenious, and worth seeing.

Zhong, a writer in the Palace Museum, will automatically write down specific words on paper when telling the time. To the southeast of Ningshou Palace District, treasures of various countries and cultural relics of the Forbidden City are displayed. The palaces in the palace area include the Imperial Palace, Ningshou Palace, Yihexuan, hall of mental cultivation, Stage and Yueshi Building.

The famous Nine Dragon Wall is in front of the Forbidden City. Zhen Fei Jing is at the end of the palace. Ningshou Palace is the place where Qianlong was ready to abdicate when he became the emperor's father. However, due to his lust for power, in the first few years of Jiaqing's accession to the throne, he was still an actual political manipulator and actually did not live in Ningshou Palace. However, Cixi later lived for a while.

Ningshou Palace mainly highlights the elegance of "self-cultivation, harmony and tranquility". The third-floor stage is located in the east of hall of mental cultivation, and there are plaques and couplets on the third floor, which is very magnificent. People can sit on the north side of the stage and watch Lou Guan Opera. The stage is also a rare building facing north in the Forbidden City. Come out from the back of the palace area and go west to Shenwumen.

For a more detailed introduction of the history of turrets, imperial roads, lions, water tanks, doornails, beasts and palaces, you can go to see the documentary "Forbidden City 100".

Introduction of scenic spots in the Forbidden City

Introduction of scenic spots in the Forbidden City:

1, Hall of Supreme Harmony:

Commonly known as the "Golden Hall", it is the place where the emperor held a grand ceremony. The Hall of Supreme Harmony is 5 rooms wide 1 1, with a building area of 2,377 square meters and a height of 26.92 meters. Together with the base height of 35.05 meters, it is the largest hall in the Forbidden City.

2. Yangxintang:

It was built in the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty and was the temporary hall of the emperor. Since the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty, as the main residence and daily administrative place of the emperor, it has become the actual bedroom of the emperor of the Qing Dynasty. The most famous hall of mental cultivation is Yong Zhengdi's "Qin Qin Xian" room, the Sanxitang of Emperor Qianlong, and the Auditorium of Dongnuange in the late Qing Dynasty.

3. The Forbidden City:

As the main building of Ningshou Palace, it was built in the 28th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi, and was originally named Ningshou Palace. The inner court is located in the front of the central axis of Ningshou Palace, and it is arranged on a single stone platform with the back hall Ningshou Palace. The temple seat faces south, with 9 rooms wide and 5 rooms deep, which is based on the Ninth Five-Year Plan.

4. Royal Garden:

The Imperial Garden is located on the central axis of the Forbidden City, behind the Palace of Kunning. In the Ming dynasty, it was called "the back garden of the palace", and in the Qing dynasty it was called the imperial garden. It was founded in the 18th year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty, and has been revised continuously since then. It still retains the basic model when it was first built. The park is 80 meters north and south, east and west 140 meters, and covers an area of 12000_. The pine, cypress, bamboo and stone in the park constitute an evergreen garden landscape.

5. Chenggan Palace:

One of the six palaces in the East Palace of the Forbidden City. Built in the eighteenth year of Yongle, it was originally called Yongning Palace. There are two courtyards in the palace and five main halls in the backyard, with open doors. This palace was occupied by the imperial concubine in the Ming Dynasty. Empresses lived in the Qing Dynasty, and Dong Eshi, the imperial concubine of the emperor shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, and Empress Dowager Daoguang Xiaoquancheng all lived here.

6. Zhonghetang:

Zhonghe Hall is located behind the Hall of Supreme Harmony, with a height of 27 meters, a square plane, three rooms wide and three rooms deep, and corridors on all sides, with a construction area of 580 square meters. The yellow glazed tile has a pyramid-shaped roof with a single eaves and four corners, with a gold-plated top in the middle. Zhonghe Hall is the place where the emperor rested and practiced etiquette before going to the Hall of Supreme Harmony for a ceremony.

Briefly introduce the Forbidden City.

The construction of the Forbidden City in Beijing began in the fourth year of Yongle (1406), based on the Forbidden City in Nanjing, and was completed in the eighteenth year of Yongle (1420), becoming the palace of twenty-four emperors in Ming and Qing dynasties. On the 14th National Day of the Republic of China (1925 10/0/010), the Palace Museum was formally established and opened.

The length of the Forbidden City in Beijing is 96 1 meter from north to south and 753 meters from east to west. Surrounded by a wall with a height of 10 meter, there is a moat with a width of 52 meters outside the city. There are four gates in the Forbidden City, the meridian gate in the south, the Shenwu gate in the north, the Donghua gate in the east and the Xihua gate in the west. There is a graceful turret at the four corners of the city wall, and there is a folk saying that there are nine beams, eighteen columns and seventy-two ridges to describe its complex structure.

The architecture of the Forbidden City in Beijing is divided into two parts: the outer court and the inner court. The center of the outer court is the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Zhonghe and the Hall of Baohe, which are collectively called the three halls, and are the places where the country holds ceremonies. The left and right wings of the three main halls are supplemented by two groups of buildings: Wenhua Hall and Wuying Hall. The center of the Forbidden City is Gan Qing Palace, Jiaotai Palace and Kunning Palace, collectively referred to as the last three palaces, which are the main palaces where emperors and empresses live.

On both sides of the last three palaces, there are six palaces in the east and west, which are places where empresses live and rest. On the east side of the East Sixth Palace are Buddhist buildings such as the Heavenly Palace, and on the west side of the West Sixth Palace are Buddhist buildings such as the Zhongzheng Hall. In addition to the outer court and the inner court, there are two buildings: Waidong Road and Waixi Road.

Academic value:

Looking at the Forbidden City from the perspective of ancient palace science, we not only realize the important value of the ancient buildings and palace cultural relics of the Forbidden City, but also see the historical remains of the palace. More importantly, ancient buildings, cultural relics, historical sites and people and things that happened here are an inseparable cultural whole.

This understanding is an important basis for the emergence of ancient palace studies, and it is also conducive to further excavating the historical and cultural connotation of the Forbidden City. This integrity of the Forbidden City culture also makes the cultural relics and archives of the old Qing Palace scattered outside the courtyard, overseas and abroad have an academic home.

Based on this, the exchange and cooperation between the Palace Museum on both sides of the Taiwan Strait in academic research is inevitable, and the artificial barrier can only be temporary. In fact, this kind of communication is constantly developing.