Historical monuments in Wangqu Town

It is a courtyard-style house that fully reflects the farming culture of the Guanzhong area. After 300 years of vicissitudes, some houses have experienced leaks, cracks, collapses, etc. On May 20, 2007, the reporter learned from the cultural relics department that in order to protect the cultural heritage of this residence, the relevant departments invested 1.37 million yuan in comprehensive maintenance of the Guo Family Courtyard residence.

The Guo Family Courtyard is located in Machangbaozi Village, Wangqu Town, Chang'an District, Xi'an. The Guo family made its fortune during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. At that time, the head of the Guo family, Guo Zhenzhong, donated ten thousand taels of silver to obtain the second-grade official position of imperial court official. By the Xuantong period of the Qing Dynasty, the Guo family was already quite prominent. At that time, the Guo family had built more than 100 houses and purchased 3,000 acres of land. There was a saying among the people that "when you go to Wangqupo, all the land is named Guo". Before liberation, when Guo Shouyue's generation arrived, the Guo family's business began to decline. After liberation, the Guo family's house was distributed to local poor and lower-middle peasants. The Guo Family Courtyard originally had 11 groups of courtyards, covering an area of ??more than 20 acres. They were lined up from east to west and were used for the owner's residence, living, hospitality, and worship. It is said that at that time, the Guo family had "twelve cooks, thirty long-term workers, four craftsmen who did not go out, and a population of nearly a hundred." According to the person in charge of the "Chang'an Machang Folk House Museum", as people's awareness increased and they paid more attention to folk culture, in 1996, the Guo Family Courtyard was transferred from the cultural department to the cultural relics department for management, and the "Chang'an Machang Folk House Museum" was established. In 1999, formal staff were appointed to start maintenance, organize materials, and explore and develop its cultural value. By 2007, the Xi'an Municipal Government had invested more than 200,000 yuan in repairs. In order to "repair the city's memory and protect historical relics," Xi'an City conducted a census of traditional residences, found out the financial status of traditional residences, and carried out basic work such as surveying, mapping, and planning. In 2007, it allocated some funds from the urban construction plan. A pilot project for the protection of traditional residential buildings in Xi'an was launched. Four sites including the Guo Family Courtyard, No. 38 Damaishi Street, No. 2 Ludang Lane, and the former residence of Yang Hucheng in Chang'an District were included in the project and construction started. The Guo Family Courtyard residential protection project has an investment of 1.37 million yuan and is ongoing in 2008. It is located five kilometers due south of Chang'an District (formerly Chang'an County) and stands on the shore of Shenhe Plateau. In 1999, it was transformed into a large-scale resort mountain resort integrating catering, accommodation, entertainment, leisure and tourism, covering an area of ??more than 300 acres. Mountains overlooking the water, the scenery is pleasant. This place was originally the royal garden of the Tang Dynasty, but was later rebuilt by Hu Zongnan into the northwest palace of Chiang Kai-shek.

At the end of the Sui Dynasty, Dou, the mother of Emperor Taizong Li Shimin, went to the Sanguan Temple here to offer incense. Unfortunately, she was robbed by bandits. Dou and his party hurriedly abandoned the car and fled for their lives, but how could they escape the wolf-like robbers? At the critical moment, he suddenly saw a small hole under the high cliff hidden by the pines, and hurriedly took refuge in the hole. The robbers were searching all the way, and just as they were about to catch them, a huge boulder flew out of thin air and hit the few robbers closest to the cave entrance, killing them. The robbers were so frightened that no one dared to come forward. At the moment of the stalemate, generals Qin Shubao and Yuchi Jingde arrived on horseback, and Mrs. Dou turned the danger into safety. In order to feel the help of the gods and pray for the blessing of the Buddha to the Li Tang Dynasty, Taizong Li Shimin ordered to build a temple here and name it Changning Palace in accordance with his mother's orders.

Around 1940, Hu Zongnan, a general of the Huangpu Clan of the Kuomintang, was stationed in Shaanxi and presided over the military affairs in the northwest. At that time, he was also the director of the Seventh Branch of the Huangpu Military Academy (because Chiang Kai-shek had also been the principal of the Huangpu Military Academy for a long time, and to show respect for Chiang, various places The administrative heads of the branch campuses are not called principals, but are called directors). The seventh branch is located at Qihuali southeast of Changning Palace (now the Communications College of the People's Liberation Army). Hu Zongnan came to Changning Palace to visit after inspecting school affairs. He was deeply impressed by the beautiful scenery and topography here. Dangerous, safe and reliable, he thought of building a palace for Chiang Kai-shek. It took two years to complete from 1940 to 1943. After that, Chiang Kai-shek came to Shaanxi three times to live here from 1943 to 1946.

In 1940, Chiang Kai-shek’s second son, Chiang Weiguo, returned to China after studying at the Munich Military Academy in Germany. While riding a train, he met Miss Shi Jingyi, the daughter of northwest textile industrialist Shi Fengxiang, and they got married four years later. Chiang Kai-shek and Soong Meiling personally presided over their wedding. Chiang Weiguo and Shi Jingyi spent their bridal night here, and it later became the holiday villa of Chiang Weiguo and his wife. After the September 18th Incident, the Northeast Army headed by Zhang Xueliang was transferred to Guanzhong and stationed near Qinglong Ridge, Wangqu Town, Chang'an District, about 17 kilometers south of Xi'an in October 1935. General Zhang Xueliang personally surveyed Juelu Ridge, about one kilometer southeast of the Chenghuang Temple, to build a European-style residence for the purpose of office rest. The residence covers an area of ??about 10 acres and is located at the end of the "dragon" in Qinglong Ridge. It is an I-shaped bungalow with 12 bedrooms. Directly south of the house is an open 28-acre forest. The main house is a European-style building, which the local people call this The building has five rooms. The various houses are connected to each other and form a whole, forming an "H" shaped structure. The round door leading in and out of the five-room building is on the north side. To the west are five single rooms for guards and staff; to the east is a suite, the master's bedroom; to the south is the living room; in the middle is a small rectangular courtyard. The walls are of brick and earth structure, the corridor windows are regular hexagons, the living room and room windows are vertical rectangles, the walls and roofs of the rooms are painted white, the ceiling is made of white gray rice with a hemp knife attached to the fence, and the ground is 30Х30CM square blue bricks, overall blue bricks and green tiles, civil structure. The outdoor pathways are paved with cobblestones.

There is a row of barracks built to the east of the five-room building, and a garden is built to the south. Next to the garden is a cherry forest, surrounded by almond trees, and sycamores are planted on the west. To the south is a large playground with saponaria trees on the east and west sides. There is a wall built.

Zhang Xueliang founded the Officer Training Corps (later changed to the Northeast Military Academy) in Wangqu Town, about 1 km northwest of his official residence, and served as the principal concurrently and gave lectures in person. Gather a group of patriotic students in exile to learn progressive ideas and military knowledge. After the official residence was built, Zhang Xueliang settled here after finishing his lectures. In my free time, I plant trees, protect flowers, and read newspapers. On the eve of December 1936, this place once became the center of activities for progressive forces. Even the famous "Xi'an Incident" was later launched, during which most important matters were discussed here. Chiang Kai-shek once came to lecture in person, trying to quell the students' dissatisfaction with both intimidation and appeasement. In order to win over and coerce Zhang Xueliang to "suppress the Communist Party", Chiang Kai-shek, Soong Meiling, Chiang Ching-kuo, Chiang Wei-guo, Jiang Fangliang, Jiang Xiaowen, etc. all came here. During the "Xi'an Incident", Zhou Enlai also came here to explain to the patriotic youth the position of the Communist Party of China in establishing a national united front against Japan.

Hu Zongnan lived here when he was the director of Branch No. 7 and renamed it Xinglongling. He held important military meetings and received Wallace, Tan Kah Kee, as well as Chiang Kai-shek, Soong Meiling, Chiang Ching-kuo, Chiang Fangliang, Chiang Wei-guo, Shi Jingyi, Chiang Xiaowen, Jiang Xiaowu and many other people, and the weddings of Jiang Weiguo and Shi Jingyi, Hu Zongnan and Ye Xiazhai were also held here. It is located between Nanjiangzhao Village and Nanbaozhai Village, Wangqu Street, Chang'an District, Xi'an. It is said that at the end of the Shang Dynasty, when the Shang and Zhou Dynasties were at war, Zhou Taigong Jiang Ziya led his troops to surround Shang Taishi Wen Zhong at Juelong Ridge. He eventually committed suicide after hearing that the Shang Taishi was defeated. This story is included in the historical novel "Fengshen Yanyi" in the section "Juelong Ridge Wen Zhong Returns to Heaven". Later, people remembered the story of Taishi Zhongqin and mourned him. They dug cave dwellings under Juelong Ridge, built Taishi Cave, and offered sacrifices at all times. Its former site is between Nanjiangzhao Village, Zangjiazhuang, and North and South Baozhai Village in Wangqu Town, Chang'an District, Xi'an today. This place is backed by the ancient Juelong Ridge of Shenheyuan, and the clear water flows in front of it in all seasons. Looking at Zhongnan Shenxiunan Wutai in the distance, you can have a panoramic view of the scenery in all four seasons. What the locals praise most is that there is a tree on the top of the former Taishi Cave. The ancient cypresses and ancient trees all face the northeast, giving a shocking power to people. People say that this kind of momentum was caused by the strong character of the Taishi, which formed a towering and stubborn spirit and turned into this tree.