Silk road handwritten newspaper muban daquan

Copy of Silk Road Handwritten Newspaper:

I. Introduction:

? The Silk Road is a transportation network consisting of land lines and settlements stretching from the coast of South China Sea to the Mediterranean Sea and Indian subcontinent. It has not only been an important channel for the exchange of ideas and commodities for nearly two thousand years, but also represents the history and culture of different societies. This era also commemorates the social and cultural exchanges between the East and the West.

? It is a complex transportation system, which is completely developed out of utilitarian attempts and does not need to be named. It was not until 1877 that this route was built by Ferdinand, a European scholar and explorer who was working in Turkey at that time. Feng? Richthofen was named "Silk Road" and is widely known. Although the name is romantic and lyrical, it is misleading. There is no doubt that China's silk is one of the most important commodities exported from the East to the West, but there are other kinds of goods traded on this trade road, including precious metals and gems, porcelain, perfume, paper, decorations and spices, as well as cotton, textiles, glass, red wine, amber, carpets and so on, which are transported from the East to the Mediterranean. In addition, there are excellent horses produced in fergana valley, Central Asia, which are sold to the east and west along this route.

? Not only did goods circulate along the Silk Road, but Buddhism also spread from India to Japan in the east and Turkmenistan in the west through the Silk Road. Through the Silk Road, Judaism, Islam and Christianity were introduced into China from the Mediterranean, Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism. In addition, scientific and technological achievements were also spread through the Silk Road: China's papermaking, printing, gunpowder, iron smelting, crossbows, compasses and porcelain were introduced to the West, while western engineering technology (especially bridge-building), cotton planting and processing, tapestry weaving, astronomical calendar, grape planting and glass and metal processing technology were introduced to the East. In addition, the exchange and dissemination of medical knowledge and technology, fruits and cereals are also very frequent. According to historical records, relics of ancient sites, archaeological sites and route composition, it can be inferred that the essential feature of the Silk Road is the main channel for transnational exchange of goods, population and ideas.

second, geographical features:

? At present, it is generally believed that the eastern starting point of the Silk Road is Chang 'an (today's Xi 'an), and then Luoyang was added. In the early days, the Silk Road began in the west of Xi 'an, and then it was divided into several main routes to northwest Asia, southeast Asia and south Asia. Among them, the maritime route developed into an evolutionary "Silk Road". Textual research on historical documents shows that the main routes include desert route, prairie route, sea route and Buddhist route. The Buddhist route runs from the northwest and southwest of China to Central Asia and South Asia, which has attracted wide attention.

The Silk Road runs through the fertile central plain of China from east to west, passes through Hexi Corridor in Gansu and reaches the north and south of Tianshan Mountain. Its southern line is divided into two branches here and meets in Kashgar after crossing the Taklimakan desert. Starting from Kashgar, the southern line of the Silk Road leads to northern India through the Karakorum Mountains, and one of its branches leads to central and southern Tajikistan through the Pamirs. The central line crosses the Pamirs to bulke, passes through Melv to Iran and passes through Kabul to India. The northern line crosses fergana valley to Samarkand, where a road to the north passes through the Amu Darya basin between the Aral Sea and the Caspian Sea and finally reaches the ports along the Black Sea. In addition, start from Samarkand and cross the Central Asian steppe south to Melv. You can reach Teheran from Merv, Mesopotamia Plain through Taixifeng, or ports along the Mediterranean coast through the ancient city of palmira.

? In addition, there are several important routes across the mountains to the Indian subcontinent, which are also part of the Silk Road transportation network. The westernmost one of these routes passes through bulke, passes through the Hindu Kush Mountains and reaches today's Afghanistan, passes through Kabul and reaches Pakistan, and enters the Indian alluvial plain through Tahila. In addition, there are some branch lines connected with the main lines located in Caucasus countries and Israel.