Guangshan historical and cultural relics

1. The historical position of Guangshan County? Guangshan County is located in the southeast of Henan Province, with Huaihe River in the north and Dabie Mountain in the south. It is the junction of Hubei, Henan and Anhui provinces, with a total area of 1.835 square kilometers and a population of 797,000, including 697,000 rural people. Jurisdiction over 10 townships, 7 towns and 2 sub-district offices. It is a well-known county in Jiangsu and a key county for poverty alleviation and development. Guangshan is located in the transition zone from subtropical zone to warm temperate zone, and belongs to subtropical monsoon humid and semi-humid climate. Green mountains and green waters, beautiful scenery, cultural landscape and natural landscape complement each other, known as "Jiangnan in the north, Jiangnan in the north".

Guangshan has a long history. Therefore, Zhou was named "Xian". Spring and autumn belong to Chu; Qinzhi Jiujiang County; Wang Mang abandoned the county, including Guangcheng, Ruzhou and Dongan. 18 years (AD 589), Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty opened the emperor, and Guangshan County was the first in Guangcheng. Since then, it has been an important military, political, economic and cultural place in southern Henan, with a recorded history of more than 4,000 years.

Guangshan was a vassal state of Heizai in the Zhou Dynasty, so it was called "Fairy Mountain", which was later destroyed by Chu. Qin belongs to Jiujiang County. Xiyang County, located in the Western Han Dynasty, belongs to Jiangxia County. In the middle of Emperor Yuanjia of the Southern Song Dynasty, Guangcheng County was established, which was named "Meirong" because of Fushan. In 598 (18th year of Yang Di), Guangguang City was named Guangshan, and the name of Guangshan began. The Tang Dynasty belonged to Gwangju, Huainan Road; In the Song Dynasty, it belonged to Gwangju, Huainan West Road; Yuan Dynasty belonged to Runing House in Jiangbei Province, Henan Province; During the Ming Dynasty, it belonged to Runing House, Chief Secretary of Henan Province; During the Manchu Dynasty, it belonged to Zhili Prefecture in Gwangju, Henan Province. In the early Republic of China, it belonged to Ruyang Road, and in the later period it belonged to the ninth administrative region of Henan Province. After the establishment of New China, it belongs to Huangchuan District. 1952 abolished Huangchuan District, and then it belongs to Xinyang District (1970 renamed Xinyang District). 1998 is a territorial Xinyang City.

2. Where is Guangshan County in history? Guangshan has a long history. Zhou was a vassal, hence the name "Xian". Spring and Autumn is the land of string countries, and the Warring States belongs to Chu. Qinzhi Jiujiang County; Xiyang County is located in the Western Han Dynasty; In the 25th year of Yuanjia in the Southern Song Dynasty (448), Guangcheng County was established, and Le 'an County was established in the same year. In the third year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (583), Guangcheng County was merged into Le 'an County. In the 18th year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (598), an analysis of Guangshan County. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, it belonged to Gwangju County. Since then, it has been the military, political, economic and cultural center of Jianghuai Hehan, with a recorded history of more than 4,000 years. It is named after the "every glory" of Fushan.

In the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), Henan Province belonged to Henan South Road (19 14 changed Henan South Road to Ruyang Road), and 1928 in May, Henan Province was divided into 14 administrative region, belonging to the thirteenth administrative region. 65438+August 0932 belongs to the jurisdiction of District 9 (Huangchuan).

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was under the jurisdiction of Huangchuan District, Henan Province; 1952 10. In October, the two specialized agencies merged and belonged to Xinyang area. 1970 belongs to Xinyang area. 1998 from June 9, under the jurisdiction of Xinyang city.

Third, the history and culture of the ancient city of Shouxian Shouxian, formerly known as Shouchun, Shouyang and Shouzhou, is the hometown of Chu culture, in which Bagongshan is the birthplace of tofu and the ancient battlefield of water war. There are more than 0/60 cultural relics in the county, including 8 national and provincial key cultural relics protection units. The county museum has more than 60 national first-class cultural relics/kloc-0, and more than 6000 first-class cultural relics. Historical celebrities come forth in large numbers with profound cultural connotations. 1986 65438+In February, People's Republic of China (PRC) and the State Council declared Shouxian a national historical and cultural city.

Shouxian County is located in the middle of Anhui Province, which controls the Huaihe River. Since ancient times, the north and the south have been at a crossroads, where military strategists have repeatedly competed. In 383 A.D., there was a battle to fight gold and fly water here. This war once again created a war example in China's military history, and left many historical stories such as "stopping the flow and flogging", "trembling and nervous". During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, the late Zhou Dynasty and the Southern Tang Dynasty fought fiercely for Shouchun. At that time, Zhao Kuangyin, a general of the Later Zhou Dynasty, made personal expedition with Zhou Shizong and Chai Rong, surrounded Shouzhou and made outstanding achievements. Today, the story of "Zhao Kuangyin trapped in Nantang" is still circulating among the people in Huai and Huai Dynasties, and the story of "Great Rescue" of Shouxian traditional fine cakes, which won the ministerial prize, comes from every possible means.

Four. On the morning of 27th, Xinyang History and Culture, all the teachers and students arrived at their destination, regardless of the fatigue of the journey, and set foot on the bus bound for Banpo Site Museum. The investigation of specialized courses in Xi Historical and Cultural Sites officially kicked off. In Xi 'an, the ancient capital, after visiting Banpo site, the investigation team also visited Maoling, Prince Yide's Tomb, Ganling, Famen Temple, Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang, Wild Goose Pagoda, Xi 'an Ancient City Wall and Forest of Steles. Go deep into the ancient tomb, climb the tower, walk on the city wall and look at the stone tablet. Every historic site here gives students different feelings and provides students with the best physical materials to understand the splendid culture of ancient China. In addition, the investigation team also visited Lintong History Museum and Shaanxi History Museum. Students were lucky enough to see 370,000 rare treasures represented by Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang in the museum, which increased their understanding of history and felt the unique historical customs of An. During the inspection, the team members carefully observed the places of interest, listened carefully to the tour guide's explanations, made detailed records, consulted and discussed puzzling issues, and urged each other to write their experiences after the daily activities, which benefited a lot.

3 1, the expedition ended its historical and cultural tour in Xi 'an after visiting the forest of steles. Thousands of years ago, the vicissitudes of life and fascinating historical sites gave us the opportunity to know our ancestors, but the dust of the years and people's forgetfulness could not hide their dignified and brilliant brilliance. This survey in Xi 'an left a deep impression on teachers and students. (Li Yanan, Xinyang Normal University)

5. What are the famous historical sites in Henan? Luoyang (the first batch) is located on the south bank of the Yellow River in the west of Henan Province, with Hulao Pass in the east, Hanguguan in the west, Luohe and yi river in the south, Mangshan and the Yellow River in the north. There is a saying in history that "rivers and mountains are controlled and the situation is the best in the world".

Luoyang is a famous ancient capital of nine dynasties in China. In history, nine dynasties, including Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Wei, Western Jin Dynasty, Sui Dynasty (Yang Di), Tang Dynasty (Wuhou), Houliang Dynasty and Houtang Dynasty, have established their capitals here for more than 900 years. Nanlongmen Grottoes are the most famous places of interest. Dongbaima Temple is the first Buddhist temple in China.

There are also a large number of ancient tombs in Han and Wei Dynasties, Western Zhou Dynasty, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Guanlin and Kaifeng (the first batch), which were called Daliang and Bianliang in ancient times. It is located in the east of central Henan Province, with the Yellow River in the north and the Longhai Railway across the south, with convenient transportation.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Zheng Zhuanggong "opened a city", which was called Kaifeng House. Later, during the Warring States Period, Wei, Hou Liang, the Later Jin Dynasty, the Later Han Dynasty, the Later Zhou Dynasty, the Northern Song Dynasty and the Later Jin Dynasty all established their capitals here, which was called the "City of Ten Dynasties" in history.

The capital of the Northern Song Dynasty was built here, called Tokyo, so it is famous in the world for Tokyo. Low-lying, numerous lakes, known as the "Northern Water City". There are many places of interest here, such as the Iron Tower, Long Ting, Suoguo Temple, Fanta, Yanqing Temple, Yuwangtai, Baogong Temple, Yuefei Temple in Zhuxian Town and the ruins of Bianliang City in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Nanyang (the second batch), formerly known as Wan, is located in the southwest of Henan Province. Nanyang has a long history and is one of the birthplaces of Chinese civilization.

As early as 400,000 to 500,000 years ago, "Nanzhao Ape Man" lived and multiplied here. During the Warring States Period, it was the important city of Chu State, and it was already a famous iron smelting center in China. In the Western Han Dynasty, "merchants are all over the world, and the crown is rich in the sea". In the Eastern Han Dynasty, because it was the place where Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu made his fortune, it was also called Accompanying Beijing, and was known as "Southern Capital" and "Land of Emperors".

After the government calendar. Nanyang is rich in products and outstanding in people. It has trained and brought up world-renowned historical figures such as Fan Li, a strategist and merchant saint in the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhang Heng, a great scientist in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Zhongjing, a doctor in Zebei, and Zhuge Liang, an outstanding politician and strategist in the Three Kingdoms Period.

Since modern times, Nanyang has been full of talented people and bright stars. Famous people, experts, scholars and industrialists from all walks of life in Nanyang are all over the world.

There are many cultural relics in Nanyang. The Medical Temple, located on the Wenliang River in the east of Nanyang, is a temple to commemorate Zhang Zhongjing, an outstanding physician in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Wuhou Temple is located on Wollongong in the west of Nanyang.

Located in Wolonggang, the Han Painting Museum stands shoulder to shoulder with Wuhou Temple, which is a large exhibition hall for collecting portraits and stone carvings of the Han Dynasty in China. Zhang Heng's Tomb is located on the west side of Little Shi Qiaocun, 25 kilometers north of Nanyang.

Wancheng site is located in the northeast of Nanyang city. Xuanmiao Temple, located on the Meixi River in the northwest of Nanyang City, is one of the four jungles in the late Qing Dynasty (the four jungles are: Beijing Baiyun Temple, Baxian xi 'an Temple, Jinan Changqing Temple and Nanyang Xuanmiao Temple).

Nanyang Magistrate's Office is located in Zhu Min Street, Nanyang City. It was once the place where the local governors of Yuan, Ming, Qing and Republic of China and the people of China presided over government affairs and offices. Anyang (the second batch) is located in the northernmost part of Henan Province, at the junction of Shanxi, Hebei and Henan provinces, with Taihang Mountain in the west, Zhanghe River in the north and North China Plain in the southeast. Anyang was the Yin capital of Shang Dynasty, Qin Jiancheng, Sui Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, and the state, county, road and government ruled together.

The old city basically maintains the traditional pattern, and there are many traditional houses. There are many ancient relics in Anyang.

15km to the southwest, at the east foot of the north roof, there is Xiaonanhai original cave. A large number of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and bronzes have been unearthed in Yin Ruins 2 kilometers northwest of the city, including the famous "Simuwu" Dafang Ding, which is the most valuable large-scale site of Shang Dynasty.

Lingquan Temple Grottoes are located in Baoshan, 25 kilometers southwest of Anyang County. Xiuding Temple Tower is located at the southern foot of Liang Qing, 35km northwest of Anyang County.

Wenfeng Pagoda, also called Tianning Temple Pagoda, is located in the northwest corner of Ancheng City. Yuan Shikai's Tomb, commonly known as Lin Yuan, is located on the north bank of He Huan River in Anyang City.

Cultural relics include Gaoge Pavilion, Xiaobai Pagoda and Pearl Spring Scenic Area in Shui Ye Town, west of the city. Anyang not only has a long history, rich cultural relics and historic sites, but also has many special products, among which the famous ones are Anyang Sanxun, Laomiao Beef, Inner Yellow Enema, Sugar-oil Chestnut, Linxian Crataegus, "Dahongpao" Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Yao Jia Dog Skin Plaster. Zhengzhou (the third batch) is the capital of Henan Province, which is located in the middle of Henan Province, bordering on the Yellow River in the north, Songshan Mountain in the west and the vast Huanghuai Plain in the southeast, and governs 6 districts and 5 cities.

Zhengzhou has long been the political center of the country in history, with Xia, Shang, Guan, Zheng and Han as the capitals, Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, Song, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing as counties. Zhengzhou is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation, and there are many cultural sites in the middle and late Neolithic period.

As early as 3500 years ago, it was an important capital of Shang Dynasty. Up to now, the site is well preserved, including city walls, palace sites and various manual workshops. Zhengzhou is located in the hinterland of Zhongzhou, among Kyushu and the thoroughfare of ten provinces. It is an important transportation and communication hub and material distribution center in China. It is also a national commercial city, an open city, a sanitary city, a famous historical and cultural city and an emerging central city in the Central Plains.

"Dominate the center and control the danger" is an important transportation hub in China. Zhengzhou is a famous historical and cultural city in China and a famous scenic tourist city, with many scenic spots, beautiful mountains and rivers and rich cultural relics.

There are many kinds of Yangshao and Longshan cultural sites, including Xuanyuan Huangdi's hometown, Peiligang cultural site, Dahe village, Qinwangzhai and so on, Yangcheng site and shopping mall site in the summer capital, and the earliest iron smelting site in Han Dynasty with coal as fuel in China. Songshan Scenic Area, with Shaolin Temple, Zhongyue Temple and Songshan National Forest Park as the main body, Yellow River Historical and Cultural Scenic Area, Yellow River Sightseeing Area, Shuihe Village Site as the main body, Fuxi Mountain Scenic Area, Huancuiyu Scenic Area, Northern Song Dynasty Imperial Tomb, Northern Wei Cave Temple and Du Fu's hometown, all attract tourists from all directions with their unique charm.

There are also the City God Temple, the * * * Temple and the Erqi Memorial Tower and Memorial Hall commemorating 1928 Han Jing Railway Workers' Congress.

6. What are the historical and cultural monuments of Tuolin Lake? They mainly include the tomb of Wei Yuan, the minister of the Ministry of War of the Ming Dynasty, and the stone carvings left by Emperor Qianlong in the south of the Yangtze River.

The main attractions are: Folk Culture Village, Areva Texiuyu, Peach Blossom Island, Shuihu City, Hundred Birds Island, Longfei Island, Golden Monkey Island, Crocodile Island, Grandma Island, Secret Treasure Island, Peacock Island, Qianfo Mountain Villa, Ghost Land, Water Park, Eight Scenes of Huangjing, ming tomb, Mashuipao Waterfall, Songque Stone, Yijiahe Hot Spring, Luohansong and Dishuidong.

Zhelin Lake Scenic Area is located in Yongxiu County and Wuning County, Jiangxi Province, with a total area of 308 square kilometers. Yongxiu county has 72 square kilometers of lake area and 33 1 islands. It is a lake-type provincial key scenic spot integrating sightseeing, leisure and vacation. Hu Lin Reservoir Dam is the largest earth dam in Asia, with a lake opening area of 14 square kilometers. Because the largest earth dam in Asia cut off the river and formed the largest artificial lake in Jiangxi Province, which created this wonder. Along the lake, there are cliffs with thousands of walls, villages surrounded by the lake, open spaces by the lake, waterfalls in the lake, and Yijiahe hot springs with a sunrise of 60 cubic meters.

The beautiful Tolin Lake has clear water, rippling blue waves, beautiful scenery and pleasant climate, and the four seasons have their own characteristics. He Chun Jingming; Let a hundred flowers blossom; Summer lotus fragrance, a summer resort; Autumn crisp, fragrant fish fat; Cover it in winter and wrap it in silver. The scenery of Tian Zi makes people feel relaxed and happy, and they can't leave. The lake area is surrounded by mountains and has many historical sites. * * * More than 20 natural and cultural landscapes. The main attractions are: Hot Springs, Huangjing Cave, Luohansong, Taohansong, Taohuajian, Tianzang, Huangjing River, Lu Xiao, Dishui Cave and Weiyuan Tomb. In particular, Yijiahe Hot Spring, located on the shore of Hunan Province, has a natural sunrise of 60 cubic meters, an area of 42 square meters, and a water temperature of 58.5℃, giving off attractive sulfur heat, which is a rest place for treating dermatoses and arthritis, preventing cardiovascular diseases and physical therapy and health care. With the development of tourism, Zhelin Lake Scenic Area has developed more than a dozen unique tourist attractions and water recreation projects, such as Golden Monkey Island, Hundred Birds Island, Longfei Island and Camel Island, which have become a good place for people to spend their holidays and relax.

7. What cultural relics are historical relics and relics with historical, scientific and artistic value, which remain in society or are buried underground? Cultural relics in the world mainly refer to objects with historical and artistic value over 100 years. China's cultural relics include: ① buildings, sites and relics with commemorative significance and historical value related to major historical events, revolutionary movements and important people; (2) Ancient cultural sites, ancient tombs, ancient buildings, cave temples, stone carvings, etc. Of historical, artistic and scientific value: (3) valuable works of art and arts and crafts of various times; (four) revolutionary literature and ancient books of historical, artistic and scientific value; ⑤ representative objects reflecting the social system, social production and social life of each era; 6. Historical evidence of counter-revolution. According to the value of cultural relics, China divides cultural relics into national, provincial (municipality directly under the central government) and city-county key cultural relics protection units. Cities rich in cultural relics have been designated as famous historical and cultural cities by the state. Many countries in the world attach great importance to the excavation, arrangement and protection of cultural relics and historic sites, because they are precious cultural heritages in human history and are of great significance to scientific research, historical education and cultural development. Since the 20th century, viewing and collecting cultural relics and historic sites has become a widespread mass activity. Some famous cultural relics and historic sites are also important tourism resources of the country and region, such as the Great Wall and the Forbidden City in China and the Terracotta Warriors and Horses in Xi. When developing tourism, we must pay attention to the protection and utilization of cultural relics.