How does tourism planning affect the development of tourist destinations? How does tourism planning affect the development direction of tourist destinations?

Although the word tourism planning has been widely used, people in the United States have not yet reached an understanding of this concept. Different scholars have put forward different views on the term tourism planning from different angles. Among these different opinions, the representative views mainly include:

According to Shen Zuxiang and Zhang Fan, tourism planning refers to the operation process that tourism planners creatively design and plan tourism plans and countermeasures through investigation, analysis and demonstration of tourism market and tourism environment, and then put them into practice to obtain the best economic and social benefits. In short, tourism planning is a process of planning and conceiving tourism organizations or tourism products.

Jiang Sangeng believes that tourism planning is a process in which planners use their intelligence and certain scientific methods, means and technologies to plan the overall strategy and tactics of tourism organizations, tourism products or tourism activities through investigation, analysis and research.

Yang Zhenzhi believes that tourism planning is a process of integrating and connecting various resources and related factors through creativity, and then through the investigation and study of the market demand of each sub-target, the product portfolio needed by the market is introduced, and the feasibility of its implementation is systematically demonstrated.

Chen Fang believes that tourism planning is a process based on tourism resources, integrating tourism resources through creative thinking, matching tourism resources with the market and realizing tourism development goals. Its characteristics are economy, sociality, innovation and timeliness.

Ouyang Bin believes that tourism planning is a goal set to meet the needs of tourism development and tourists, as well as ideas and actions taken to achieve this goal.

Xiao Xing believes that tourism planning is the main body of tourism planning to predict the changing trend of tourism activities and tourism industry according to the actual situation of tourism resources and the tourism market development information of tourism destinations or tourism enterprises in order to achieve certain goals.

Through certain ways and means, we should comprehensively conceive, design, formulate and select feasible implementation plans for the overall development of tourism destinations or tourism enterprises or a certain work or event, so that the utilization of tourism resources can be fully coordinated with market demand, thus forming a creative thinking process with correct decision-making and efficient work.

Wang Yanyong and Cao Shitu believe that tourism planning is a process based on tourism resources, through creative thinking, analyzing tourism resources and tourism market, designing tourism products, realizing the docking of tourism products and tourism market, and realizing the goal of tourism development.

Chen believes that tourism planning is a creative operation process and result that the planning subject uses scientific and technological means to plan and design the overall development or local work and events of the tourism object, formulate and select feasible action plans, and put them into practice, so as to realize the optimal allocation of tourism resources and the balance between supply and demand in the tourism market.

Yang Limin believes that tourism planning is a systematic project with creative thinking, aiming at maximizing tourism benefits. On the basis of comprehensive investigation, analysis and demonstration of tourism resources, aiming at the specific tourism market, through the creative thinking of planners, we design new tourism products and marketing methods that meet the development needs of the tourism market and are conducive to the sustainable development of local tourism.

Jia Yunfeng believes that tourism planning is a process that relies on creative thinking, integrates tourism resources, optimizes and fits resources, environment, transportation and market, and then realizes the development goal of tourism. The key point of planning is to find out the core relationship between resources and market through creative thinking, construct the most feasible way, form a clear and executable plan, and systematically arrange recent actions.

From the above definition, it can be seen that experts and scholars have not reached a complete agreement on the concept of tourism planning because of its comprehensiveness, great differences between different types of tourism planning, multiple attributes of tourism planning itself and people's different understanding of things from different angles. However, the above viewpoints are basically the same. Tourism planning emphasizes creative conception, planning and design, which is the process of realizing tourism development goals. Most viewpoints also mentioned tourism resources, tourism market and tourism products, trying to reflect the content of tourism planning.

2. The definition of tourism planning in this book

Concepts should scientifically reveal the intrinsic attributes and essential characteristics of things. Based on a brief analysis of different understandings of planning and tourism planning, this book puts forward the following views on the definition of professional terms in tourism planning:

First of all, from a systematic point of view, tourism planning should have six elements: tourism planning subject, tourism planning object, tourism planning environment, tourism planning goal, tourism planning method and tourism planning scheme.

Secondly, from the intrinsic nature of things, tourism planning should be regarded as an activity, a continuous dynamic process with time changes, and the result is a planning scheme that guides future practice and achieves established goals.

Thirdly, from the essential characteristics of activities, tourism planning activities are creative thinking activities based on logical thinking, in which the main body of tourism planning gives full play to the role of the human brain and is a complex mental work that organically integrates science and art.

Fourthly, from the specific content of planning, the comprehensiveness of tourism activities leads to the complexity of tourism planning content. Only by grasping the production, marketing and dissemination of tourism products can we grasp the uniqueness of the specific content of tourism planning.

In view of this, this book holds that tourism planning is a creative thinking activity in which specific organizations or individuals use unique methods to plan and manage the production, marketing and exchange of tourism products, and form a copy to guide future management activities and obtain the best benefits.

1. How does tourism planning affect the development direction of tourist destinations?

Tourism planners are professionals engaged in the planning and development of tourist attractions and are not included in the scope of national qualification certification. It is necessary to know some contents and methods of tourism project planning.

Tourism planner is a professional who uses creative thinking to formulate scientific strategies for all relevant links of tourism and specify feasible and effective implementation strategies on the basis of existing resources.

At present, there are professional training institutions for tourism planners. The more authoritative ones are China Planning Association and China Planning Research Institute. Certificates are divided into intermediate and advanced, and are recognized as universal by the industry. Basically, there are specialized branches everywhere. You can search on the website of China Planning Institute. I am a training institution in Jilin Province.

2. The relationship between tourism project planning and tourism planning

One or three major differences

1. Conceptual differences

Planning is the overall deployment process of the development goal and realization mode of a regional comprehensive tourism (leisure) system. After the planning is approved by the relevant government, it is the legal basis for the tourism (leisure) development and construction of various departments in this area. Planning requires starting from the overall situation of the system, focusing on the overall optimization of the planning objects, correctly handling the complex structure of the tourism (leisure) system, and considering and handling problems with a developmental and three-dimensional perspective.

Planning is a creative process that relies on creative thinking, integrates tourism (leisure) resources, realizes the optimal fitting of resources, environment, transportation and market, and realizes the development goal of tourism (leisure) industry. The key point of planning is to find out the core relationship between resources and market through creative thinking, construct the best method, form a clear and executable plan, and systematically arrange recent actions.

2. Differences in ideas

Planning is a set of legal standard procedures, which comprehensively balances, strategically guides and protects the long-term development of a destination or scenic spot, so as to achieve the purpose of orderly development.

Planning is to love people from the perspective of creative thinking.

The basic tasks of planning are: to determine the development goal, improve the attraction, comprehensively balance the relationship among tourism system, support system and security system, expand the breadth and depth of tourism content, optimize the product structure of tourism (leisure), protect the ecological environment on which tourism (leisure) depends, ensure that tourism (leisure) can obtain good benefits and promote local social and economic development.

The basic task of planning is to form a recreation mode, product content, theme brand and business model through various creative thinking and operation arrangements for specific goals, so as to form a unique tourism product, or comprehensively enhance and extend the vitality of old tourism products, or build an effective marketing promotion plan to promote tourism (leisure) places to obtain good economic and social benefits in the near future.

Second, the problem of planning and the role of planning.

1. Planning dilemma

Tourism (leisure) planning in China and the United States has been extended to counties and even towns. However, more and more people think that the plan can guide the development of the industry, and they keep asking for revision. After editing, it is found that it still cannot solve practical problems such as attracting investment, marketing promotion and scenic spot management. In fact, this is caused by two reasons: first, the planning can not keep up with the requirements of tourism development; The second is the customer's misunderstanding of the plan. The main problems existing in the planning itself are: the planning unit is not qualified enough, its ability is limited, it pays attention to cost, and the basic data investigation is not meticulous, which leads to insufficient planning depth and inaccurate positioning.

I'm going to make hardware and software.

Today's advanced thinking emphasizes two plans of tourism (leisure), that is, the overall planning of tourism city construction should be carried out systematically at the same time, and the planning should precede the planning. Tourism planning is equivalent to the production process of enterprise products, mainly focusing on hardware, and planning is the software design before product production. The importance of software is reflected in three aspects. First of all, it can come back to life. A city's investment in hardware can reach tens of millions or even hundreds of millions, but it has no effect and meets the bottleneck of development. If it spends more than 654.38 million yuan on software, this software will determine the development of its tourism industry. Second, it can improve the quality of tourism products. Nowadays, the in-depth development of tourism products and the satisfaction of market demand depend more on the development of software, that is, the development of humanistic tourism resources and the improvement of tourism service quality and level. Third, you can make the finishing point. Location of tourist attractions, tourist buildings, etc. It is static, and static tourism should be promoted in a dynamic way. Tourism should fully tap the service function of scenic spots, and promote tourism by constantly changing the activities of scenic spots, introducing new themes and extending the life of products, so that every customer can feel the scenery unchanged and always feel new.

Third, make good use of planning to develop tourism.

Because people's understanding of planning is far deeper than that of planning, and they are not very clear about how to use planning to achieve work goals, we use planning as a reference to explain the application of planning:

1. Planning before planning-overall planning

Introducing master plan before planning can solve some problems existing in current planning:

1) In-depth market research, accurately locate the market, theme and image, and establish core demands;

2) Fit resources and market, make bold innovations and form attractive product forms;

3) Use military tactics to build strategies and put them into tactics and action plans.

2. In-depth planning after planning (project planning, marketing planning, investment promotion planning, financing planning)

Beijing Scenic Tourism Planning and Design Institute must have strategic vision and foresight to make a good plan. However, because the planning task is to grasp the long-term development goals of the planning area, it involves major directional issues such as industrial support, land use control and balance, and there are operational vacancies. Further planning is needed to turn the big idea into products, projects and action plans. Rely on the planning report, and then prepare the construction detailed planning.

The planning period is at least 15 years, and its nature makes it impossible to make detailed and specific arrangements for the development of the whole planning period. Even if the recent (3-5 years) description is more specific, it is far from being used to guide practice. Then this is where this plan can come into play. Don't put it down. Chapter; Key projects in the near future may not be specifically implemented in the client's plan. Even if the key projects are detailed, their projects are based on the overall planning, but they are designed to be more specific, so don't look at the problem from the perspective of tourists. These issues are not involved, such as whether a novel gameplay has been created, whether a new travel experience has been brought to tourists, and whether an attractive marketing strategy has been created. Planning is much more practical than planning. The life cycle of tourism products also determines the planning of a scenic spot, but its vitality is not as long as its planning period. Planning is more about designing products that meet the tastes of tourists. Recently, this kind of products have been promoted to tourists through the most extraordinary marketing means, and tourists are encouraged to spend happily here with the most reasonable income model, which is beyond the planning and response. Planning can immediately drive the growth of economic benefits. When tourists' tastes change, they can flexibly adjust their plans, and different plays can be staged on the same stage quickly. This is the advantage of planning.

2. Sales plan

There is no professional brand planning, no accurate brand positioning, no distinctive brand image, no shocking brand slogan, and no integrated brand communication, which are all manifestations of the lack of current tourism enterprise planning. It is difficult to impress people and achieve good publicity results just by reading all the information. There are many reasons for these problems. In the final analysis, although we attach importance to publicity, we have not found a professional planning and design company.

3. Investment promotion and financing planning

The development and planning of scenic spots is also a question of how to use funds to develop tourism. Does the development of a scenic spot depend on the investment of the whole people, the whole country and even the whole world, or on planned appropriations, financial gifts and bank loans? Planning gives a good direction in the study of tourist attractions, but planning is not a single project after all, and it can't really attract investment. Because of the decomposition of personal planning, investors have the opportunity to invest, and the goal of pursuing commercial profit is in the interest of investors. The creative thinking of planning has brought rich returns to investors!

In this sense, the operability of planning implementation should be gradually implemented by decomposing individual plans. As a plan that can be put into practice immediately, it is necessary to refine and decompose the plan, turn the content of the plan into practical work, turn qualitative things into quantitative things, and make the tourism plan get rid of the horizon and coordinate with the plan, thus becoming the real work to guide the development of tourism (leisure) industry.

Strengthen planning guidance, deepen planning and refine industrial integration. It is the lifelong goal and mission of every tourism planner to make planning and planning complement each other on the basis of multi-regulation!

Planning needs to land. Planning needs tools.

I. Theme

Introduce it to everyone in the simplest and most direct way. You think it already contains a sentence or sentence you want to say most, which is basically the theme of this project.

Second, the image

The sensory world that contacts people's most effective media is images.

Third, uniqueness.

Fourth, the story.

Storytelling is one of the ancient crafts of human beings. Listening to stories is the most common human nature.

Verb (short for verb) explodes.

Under the premise that the basic tourism functions are already available, some kind of power is most needed to detonate the project.

Interaction of intransitive verbs

Super IP is an open and active system, which is constantly growing, overlapping and even supplementing.

Seven. expansibility

Travel notes are a system, all in a powerful IP system, exploring the cooperation of small IP.

Eight. symbolism

In what way can you accurately grasp your customer base? Symbol.

Nine. Innovation and innovation

Innovation is a normal state. In this increasingly decentralized era, tourism has more innovation space and opportunities than many industries.

systematic

From Mickey Mouse cartoon to publication to movies to Disneyland, the creation of Disney Kingdom is a system.

3. How does tourism planning affect the development of tourist destinations and scenic spots?

Tourism planning. First of all, when you and your family or friends are going to travel, you should first discuss where to play, what to play, how many days to play, and who will participate (old people, children, etc. ), what kind of clothes you need to bring, whether you need food with regional differences, and some necessary medicines. Personally, I think this is a plan before I leave.

Planning, that is, planning of travel tools (going to road trip, trains, planes, etc. ).), the specific scenic spots of the tourist destination, the planning of the route (the specific planning of the scenic spots), the planning of food and shelter after arriving at the destination, and the planning of the time, all of which need to be planned, so as to have fun, purposeful planning, complete visit to each place, and more comprehensively achieve the purpose of each visit. Personal point of view. Finally, I wish you all a pleasant journey.

4. Understanding and views on tourism planning

1. Responsible for tourism planning, planning, and preparing the marketing plan, master plan and detailed plan of the tourist area;

2. Participate in project planning, special studies, case studies, etc.

3. Participate in communication with partners, accurately grasp each other's needs and reflect them in the project plan;

4. Seriously participate in project investigation, research and other activities, and be responsible for project planning and map making.

5. The relationship between tourism planning, development and planning.

1. Position condition

Location conditions include geographical location, traffic conditions and the relationship with tourism resources in surrounding areas. Many tourist destinations in the world have unique attraction because of their special geographical location, such as Greenwich Observatory in Britain, which is located at the starting point of earth longitude and world time.

2. Environmental conditions

Natural environmental conditions are very important, including geological characteristics, climate, vegetation, brand planning and other environmental factors. Some elements are components of tourism resources, which directly affect their quality, brand planning and overall perception of tourism resources, such as vegetation and hydrological conditions. Some factors directly determine the benefits of tourism resources development, such as the off-season caused by seasonal changes.

6. The relationship between tourism planning and tourism planning

To build a cultural industry, enhance the humanistic connotation of the city, and promote the regional economy through tourism, good tourism planning can not ignore the following nine points.

1. Found weakness

The weakness mentioned here refers to the problems or shortcomings relative to others.

There are several main reasons or problems in a place: tourism failure, failure or unsuccessful:

First, don't travel, don't find good resources and don't know where to start.

Secondly, due to traffic restrictions, I don't know the people hiding in the mountains, despite the treasure.

Third, the economic situation is not good enough. Without certain economic conditions and investment, tourism can't be completed.

Fourth, the focus of work is not on tourism.

Relatively speaking, some places have better conditions to develop industry or other industries, which is more conducive to promoting the local economy, so tourism is not the focus of development.

Fifth, the constraints of institutional mechanisms. In some places, all the conditions are good, but the administrative management, resource management, policy guidance and incentive mechanism of tourism are not smooth and powerful enough, which affects the development of tourism.

Find the bright spot

A bright spot is the brightest spot, which can also be called a bright spot. The highlight here is not the highlight of the planning text itself, but a plan to help the planning area find the highlight of tourism development. It includes tourism resources, tourism environment, management system, policies and regulations and many other aspects.

The elements that make up the bright spot,

This is a name, which is famous in a certain aspect and point, and has influence in the whole province, the whole country and even the whole world.

Second, it is something new, something that has recently appeared, is newly discovered, or is innovative, something that is recognized by everyone in some way.

The third is rare, that is, rare or unique. A certain resource is rare in the whole country, or unique in your place. A certain practice or policy measure is original and original here, which plays a good role in promoting the development of tourism.

Fourth, strangeness and unique tourism resources, such as Stella.

It is impossible for a place and a scenic spot to have all the above elements, but as long as they have and stand out, they can form a bright spot. When planning, we must help local people find such bright spots. Only by finding bright spots and using them in actual construction can tourism development take fewer detours.

Break through difficulties

Difficulties are somewhat similar to weaknesses (problems) Both of them are factors that restrict the development of local tourism, but they are different. There are many problems, and there are often only one or two difficulties; Problems are universal, and difficulties are often special; The general problems are clear at a glance, but the difficulties should be carefully analyzed and carefully found; The problem is superficial, but the difficulty is hidden inside.

Therefore, finding the difficulty is to find the main contradiction and outline. When you find the difficulty, you find the main contradiction, then you grasp the outline, raise your eyes, and other problems will be solved.

Therefore, in planning, it is necessary to help the entrusting party find out the difficult problems that restrict the development of tourism, plan solutions, ideas and schemes, and guide the entrusting party to break through the difficulties and bottlenecks through a large number of in-depth and meticulous investigations, comprehensive analysis and multi-party comparisons.

seek a selling point

Tourism products are also commodities in essence, and need to have selling points.

Anji County, central beautiful countryside has 6.5438+0.08 million mu of bamboo forests, with a vegetation coverage rate of 75%. The local air quality is good, and the average concentration of negative oxygen ions in the atmosphere reaches 8000 /cm3. The excellent rate of 33 climate and ecological evaluation indexes in Anji reached 97%, and the comprehensive evaluation results were excellent. From the perspective of a single resource, it seems that every resource is a selling point, but more selling points are not conducive to the audience's cognition.

These resources have a common feature, that is, more oxygen, good air and good air quality, which are beneficial to people's health. From this perspective, Anji County is a very suitable place for health tourism. Therefore, the direction of tourism development in Anji county can be summarized in six words, selling oxygen for health. Bamboo negative ions are the biggest selling point.

Step 5 create a flashpoint

The tipping point here refers to the factors that can trigger explosive effect and promote explosive growth in the initial stage of tourism development or when it reaches a certain level. This factor can be a slogan, an activity, a policy, a product, a scenic spot or even a brand.

In tourism planning, we should be good at creating tipping points. How to do the tipping point needs specific analysis.

For example, Anji Jiangnan Tianchi Scenic Area is an AAAA-level tourist attraction. Huangping Hydropower Station is located in Anji County, northern Zhejiang Province, with a total installed capacity of 6.5438+0.8 million kilowatts, ranking first in Asia and third in the world among similar power stations. Such a fully industrialized hydropower station, hidden in the mountains, has two functions, making the best use of everything. During the planning and construction period, it was developed into a scenic spot project, especially the Sheung Shui Reservoir Area, which was called Jiangnan Tianchi and soon became the most beautiful business card of Tianhuangping.

In order to change the long off-season of seasonal tourism in scenic spots, the construction of Jiangnan Tianchi Ski Resort is proposed for the following reasons: First, according to the statistics of temperature data of Tianchi 16 in Jiangnan, it is basically 0 to-18 degrees from February to February of the following year, and the climatic conditions are feasible. Jiangnan Tianchi is located at the top of the mountain at an altitude of 1000 meters. Anji is surrounded by mountains in the east, south and west, and the northern part is open, so the north wind can directly enter. There are ten or twenty snows every year,

2. Jiangnan Tianchi Ski Resort is the only winter field ski resort in Jiangnan, with a total length of nearly 800 meters and a snow field of more than 60,000 square meters. It is the most comprehensive high-tech development group in East China at present. East China has a population of 400 million and a vast market space.

Third, Zhejiang itself is a big tourist province with a population of nearly 50 million. Tourism development potential is

In the planning of specific areas, the planning not only carries out macro-planning for the city's tourism development, but also carries out development planning for counties (cities, districts) according to their geographical location, resource status and development status.

In specific projects, there are not only the spatial layout of the whole city, but also the development planning of specific product projects, such as tourist accommodation facilities. The planning made a detailed investigation of the city's tourist accommodation facilities, made a scientific analysis of the growth trend of tourists in the city, and finally put the development planning of accommodation facilities in the city and counties (cities, districts) in place.

Step 7 get to the point

A good tourism planning must fully implement the general principles of tourism planning and highlight the key points.

First of all, the same plan highlights different elements. Clear and specific requirements are put forward for the elements of each plan. For example, the General Rules for the Overall Planning of Tourist Areas stipulates its five basic elements and thirteen basic contents. Although all these elements must be written and indispensable, which ones must be highlighted and which ones can be described concisely still depends on the actual situation.

Second, different programs should highlight the key points of different programs. Different solutions have different problems to solve and different requirements. Especially some non-statutory planning, because there is no standard to follow, it is particularly important to grasp the key points. For example, conceptual planning, the scope of planning is generally relatively large, and the problems to be solved are mainly strategic issues. Emphasis should be placed on strategic issues such as development concept, spatial structure, tourism image and product planning. Other aspects can be lighter.

Third, the planning of different products should highlight the key points of different products. With the vigorous development of tourism, there are more and more kinds of tourism products, which need to be planned according to the characteristics and requirements of various products. If we want to restore an ancient village, we should follow the principle of paying equal attention to protection and development. If it is a newly planned tourist town, it can be planned and built drastically.

8. Be a good node

Broadly speaking, nodes are also the focus. What is a node? In the process of development, they have the functions of connection, hinge and organization, and can affect the joints and key points around and as a whole. Such as time nodes and engineering nodes.

For example, to make a regional plan, there are many things to plan. What is a node? Gui believes that scenic spots are one of the important nodes, because scenic spots are the core products of tourism. Only by planning several scenic spots in one area can the whole planning framework be basically established. For another example, there are several projects in a scenic spot. Scenic spots, tourist service centers, tourist toilets and other important nodes in the scenic area should be paid close attention to and planned well in the planning process.

9. Keep creating excitement

The important purpose of tourism is to bring more happiness and excitement to people. As a blueprint, tourism planning should provide more construction basis for this kind of happiness and excitement in tourism development and tourism product construction. Especially in the planning of scenic spot construction, it is even more exciting.