What challenges does China's economic and social development face? What do you think should be done?

China's economy faces eight opportunities and challenges;

After the American subprime mortgage crisis evolved into an international financial crisis, it had a wide and profound impact on the world economy. Facing the crisis, we should not only see the challenges brought by the crisis to China's economy in transition, but also see the opportunities contained in it.

Today, China's economy is more and more closely linked with the world economy. The international financial crisis will have an important impact on China's overseas investment, import and export, finance, securities and insurance, real estate, tourism, employment, economic growth and economic status, which contains rare opportunities.

After the American subprime mortgage crisis evolved into an international financial crisis, it had a wide and profound impact on the world economy. Facing the crisis, we should not only see the challenges brought by the crisis to China's economy in transition, but also see the opportunities contained in it. Then, with China's increasingly close economic ties with the world today, what impact and opportunities will the international financial crisis have on China's overseas investment, import and export, finance, securities and insurance, real estate, tourism, employment, economic growth and economic status?

The first level is overseas investment. On the one hand, after the crisis, the overseas capital market plummeted, which had a great negative impact on China's more overseas investment. The risks of China's overseas direct investment can not be ignored, and some projects may face a series of risks, such as shrinking asset prices, declining return on investment and extending payback period.

On the other hand, the international financial crisis has caused many overseas stock markets to shrink sharply, asset prices have fallen sharply, and the stock valuations of some companies have reached historical lows; In order to tide over the current difficulties, some companies sell assets or controlling shares cheaply; Some countries have greatly lowered the entry threshold for foreign investment. All these have created a series of potential overseas direct or indirect investment opportunities for relevant enterprises and institutions in China. The longer the international financial crisis lasts, the greater the damage, the slower the economic recovery, and the more potential opportunities for China to invest overseas.

The second level, import and export trade. This international financial crisis mainly occurred in developed countries and regions, and the destination of China's general trade import and export is also mainly in developed countries and regions. Therefore, this crisis will have a great impact on China's import and export, especially on China's export-oriented economy. Some export-oriented enterprises face the risk of difficulty in recovering funds and reduction of orders. A series of macroeconomic indicators such as China's general trade export income, trade surplus and foreign exchange income may undergo important changes.

As far as China's imports are concerned, some countries may introduce some policies that are conducive to the export of products that focus on self-help, such as reducing export tariffs, lowering export prices, and relaxing technical blockade. At present, the sharp price adjustment of some commodities such as oil, copper and iron ore has reduced the cost of importing related commodities in China and is conducive to the import of related commodities. Enterprises in China should seize this opportunity and expand the import of goods with technology, resources, shortage and price advantages according to their own needs and capabilities.

The third level, financial securities insurance. The impact of this international financial crisis on China's financial industry is mainly manifested in: interest rate linkage, exchange rate fluctuation and its impact on the operation of financial institutions; Changes in the financial environment may have an important impact on bank loan business; The risks of overseas financial institutions may be transmitted to their branches in China. The impact on China's securities industry is mainly reflected in: stock price fluctuation and its impact on the operation, performance and investment income of securities institutions; The influence of stock price fluctuation on market financing function and its influence on IPO and refinancing of listed companies. The impact on the insurance industry in China is mainly manifested in the following aspects: the impact of interest rate fluctuations on the operation and performance of the insurance industry; Influence of capital market fluctuation on investment income of insurance industry.

As far as the impact is concerned, China's financial securities insurance industry is open to the outside world, but it is not sufficient, which determines that the impact of this crisis is relatively limited. On the one hand, before the international financial securities market is stable, it is impossible for China's financial securities market to get out of the reverse unilateral market. On the other hand, the main factors affecting the future trend of China's financial and securities markets are still the domestic market environment and operating mechanism. In the future, China will still adhere to the development path of financial reform, opening up and innovation, but market supervision and risk prevention will be further strengthened.

The fourth level is the real estate industry. The source of this crisis is the crisis of the real estate market. Therefore, the international financial crisis triggered by the real estate market will have many influences on China's real estate industry: first, the real estate markets in several first-tier cities in China, such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and some second-tier cities, may face some overseas investors selling their properties and withdrawing funds; Secondly, based on the profound lessons of American real estate market crisis, China will further standardize the development of the real estate market in the future, and will control the expansion of false demand for real estate and the sharp rise and fall of prices, so as to avoid the systematic risks of the financial industry caused by violent fluctuations in the real estate market.

The fifth level is tourism. The impact of the international financial crisis on China's tourism industry is twofold: on the one hand, countries deeply affected by the crisis may introduce measures to promote their own tourism development to attract more overseas tourists based on the need of developing their own economy and increasing employment. Therefore, it may be more convenient for China residents to travel abroad, and the domestic tourism industry is facing the potential pressure of tourists diversion; On the other hand, affected by the economic recession caused by the financial crisis, the number of overseas arrivals may be significantly reduced, which will have a greater impact on foreign-related tourism.

The sixth level, employment. The impact of this crisis on employment in China is mainly reflected in three aspects: First, economic growth is slowing down, and new employment opportunities may be relatively reduced. Therefore, it may face greater employment pressure in a certain period of time in the future; Second, after the outbreak of the financial crisis, unemployed financial practitioners in developed countries and regions such as the United States may flow to countries and regions that are less affected by the financial crisis. Therefore, China is facing a good opportunity to introduce overseas financial talents, and the domestic financial industry may also face a more severe talent competition situation. But in the long run, this talent competition is very beneficial to the development of China's financial, securities and insurance industries.

The seventh level is economic growth. The economic recession in the United States and other western developed countries will have a negative impact on China's sustained and rapid economic growth. However, we should see that the basis and mode of economic growth in China are obviously different from those in western developed countries. At the same time, China's economy is still an investment-driven economy, and there is still huge investment space for railways, highways, airports, ports, power grids, urban infrastructure implementation and new rural construction. China's investment-oriented economy was deeply affected by the international financial crisis, and its GDP growth rate dropped sharply, but there is still a broad space for development.

The eighth level, economic status. The complexity and difficulty of economic recovery in the United States and other western developed countries will be much greater than that in China. Therefore, when the growth rate slows down in the next few years, the relative gap between China's economic aggregate and developed countries will narrow, and China's position in the international community will rise. Specifically, the pricing of some commodities may take into account the "China enterprise negotiation factor", rather than the past pattern of "what China needs", "what to speculate" and "what to rise" in the international market.