What topics (problems) can be raised in physics in theme sports? The more the better! ! !

With the progress of the times, China sports has made great achievements in the international arena. At the ongoing Winter Olympics, China athletes worked hard and won applause from the world. In fact, watching sports games in our daily life has become a demand in our life. Do you know that?/You know what? Do you know that?/You know what? Many sports involve physical principles!

First, the application of speed in sports

Speed is a physical quantity used to reflect the speed of an object. Almost all kinds of sports on the sports field have a problem of speed. For example, track and field, all track events, canoeing and swimming competitions are determined by time. Students who have participated in the 100-meter race in the school sports meeting must know that the timekeeper must start timing when he sees the starting gun smoking, not when he hears the starting gun firing. Because light travels much faster in the air than sound, the timekeeper is much more accurate in seeing the starting gun "smoke" than listening to it.

The so-called "fast attack tactics" in various ball games also adopt the so-called "fast attack" of speed, that is, athletes improve their speed in the process of sports, that is, accelerate their actions, run quickly, move quickly, get rid of their opponents and seek a neutral position, so as to achieve the purpose of "fast attack".

Second, the application of friction in sports.

The magnitude of friction is related to the magnitude of pressure and the roughness of contact surface. Any object will be subjected to friction in the process of motion. In many sports, in order to improve the performance of athletes, it is necessary to increase friction. For example, in the 100 meter race, athletes must wear running shoes with spikes at the bottom, and gymnasts and weightlifters always put some magnesium powder on their hands before the competition, all in order to increase friction and improve their sports performance. When manufacturing some ball sports equipment, the factors of increasing friction are also taken into account. For example, the gloves worn by the goalkeeper, the pattern on the basketball surface, the length of the rubber particles on the rubber of the positive rubber table tennis racket, the stickiness on the rubber of the reverse rubber racket and the roughness on the surface of the shot put are all aimed at increasing friction.

Third, the application of inertia in sports

All objects have the property of maintaining their original state of motion, which is called inertia. Athletes of various sports on the playground sometimes use inertia and sometimes prevent inertia. Only in this way can we improve our sports performance and competitive level. For example, in the run-up process of high jump, long jump, benchmarking and other events, javelin athletes should stretch their arms backwards as far as possible before throwing javelin. These actions are all based on inertia. However, the 100-meter athlete can't stop immediately when crossing the finish line, and needs to run a distance gradually. When a basketball player makes a three-step layup, the moment of shooting can't be directly in the center of the hoop, but he should throw it a little behind the center of the hoop, which is to prevent inertia (because of inertia, he can't directly throw it in the center of the hoop). Some discus throwers, in order to improve their performance, do accelerated rotation in the prescribed circle to increase the initial speed of discus throwing, and after discus throwing, in order to ensure that they can't make a circle, they will continue to turn several times. Therefore, if discus athletes want to achieve good results, they should use inertia to prevent it.

Fourthly, the application of balance in sports.

For any object to keep balance, the line of gravity action of the object (the vertical line passing through the center of gravity) must pass through the supporting surface (the contact surface between the object and the object supporting it). If the gravity line of an object does not pass through the supporting surface, the object will fall. When gymnasts perform the balance beam, they should always make their gravity line pass through the support surface, which is the balance beam. The balance beam is very narrow and the supporting surface is very small, so it is difficult to let the body's center of gravity fall on the balance beam, and the body is in danger of falling at any time. Life experience tells us that when the body is shaking and falling, people often swing their arms to make the body stand firm again. This is the line of action to adjust the center of gravity and restore its balance through the supporting surface, so gymnasts often do this on the balance beam. Acrobats walk a tightrope and swing their arms left and right to grasp the center of gravity and maintain balance. Sometimes they have long bamboo poles in their hands, or flower umbrellas, colorful fans and so on. , which plays an important role in "extension"

The function of the arm is an auxiliary tool to help the body balance.

There is a close relationship between physical education and physical knowledge. If we can examine the related problems in sports from a scientific point of view, it will be of great help to master the knowledge of physics, and you will find that physics is everywhere.

Sports is a purposeful, conscious and organized social activity in the process of human social development, which follows the laws of human physical and mental development according to the needs of production and life, and takes physical exercise as the basic means to enhance physical fitness, improve sports technical level, carry out ideological and moral education and enrich social and cultural life. It is a special scientific field gradually established and developed with the development of human society. The concept of sports has broad sense and narrow sense.

1. A broad concept of sports (also known as sports). It refers to a conscious and organized social activity that takes physical exercise as the basic means to enhance people's physique, promote the all-round development of education, enrich social and cultural life and promote the construction of spiritual civilization. It is a part of the whole social culture, and its development is restricted by the politics and economy of a certain society and serves it.

2. The narrow concept of sports (also called sports). It is an educational process to develop the body, strengthen the physique, impart physical exercise knowledge and skills, and cultivate moral and will quality; It is the process of cultivating and shaping the human body; Is an important part of education; It is an important aspect of cultivating people with all-round development.

3. Competitive sports is also called "competitive sports". It refers to the scientific and systematic training and competition in order to beat opponents, achieve excellent sports results, and maximize the potential of individuals and groups in physical, physical, psychological and sports abilities. Including sports training and sports competition. Features are:

1) fully mobilize and bring into play the potential of athletes in physical strength, intelligence and psychology;

2) Strong antagonism and competitiveness;

3) The contestants are full of physical strength and superb skills;

4) Competing according to internationally recognized uniform rules;

5) entertainment. Competitive sports in today's world are the product of social history. As early as 700 BC in ancient Greece, there were running, throwing, wrestling and other events, and there have been hundreds of them so far. Common sports are track and field, gymnastics, basketball, volleyball, football, table tennis, badminton, weightlifting, swimming and cycling. Various countries and regions also have their own special national traditional projects, such as China Wushu, rattan ball in Southeast Asia, Cabadie and so on. Its development is closely related to politics, economy, culture, education and science and technology of countries and regions.

4. Leisure sports refers to sports activities that are conducted in leisure time or at a specific time for the purpose of entertaining the body and mind. It has the characteristics of amateur, recreational and entertaining. The content generally includes ball games, activity games, tourism, chess and cards and traditional national sports activities. According to the organization of activities, it can be divided into individuals, families and collectives; According to the activity conditions, it can be divided into indoor and outdoor; According to competitiveness, it can be divided into competitive and non-competitive; According to the mode of operation, it can be divided into commercial and non-commercial; According to the way to participate in activities, it can be divided into ornamental activities and sports activities. Carrying out recreational sports activities is conducive to physical and mental health, cultivating sentiment and cultivating noble character.

5. Mass sports is also called "social sports" and "mass sports". It is the general name of sports activities widely carried out in the society for the purpose of entertaining the body and mind, strengthening the body, preventing and treating diseases and cultivating sports reserve talents. Including staff sports, farmers sports, community sports, elderly sports, women sports, disabled sports and so on. The main forms are exercise groups, sports teams, counseling stations, sports homes, sports activity centers, sports clubs, chess clubs, and individual free physical exercise. To carry out mass sports activities should follow the principles of people, places, times, amateur, voluntary, small, diverse and civilized. Carrying out mass sports activities extensively is an important way to give full play to the social function of sports, improve the quality of the people and complete sports tasks.

6. Medical sports refers to a medical method that uses sports to treat certain diseases and injuries and restore and improve the body function. Compared with other treatment methods, it is characterized by:

1) is an active therapy, which requires thinkers to actively participate in the treatment process and treat diseases through exercise;

2) It is a kind of systemic therapy, which improves the whole body function through nerve and nerve reflex mechanism, so as to achieve the purpose of strengthening physique and improving resistance;

3) It is a kind of natural therapy, which uses the inherent natural function of human beings (exercise) as a treatment method, and is generally not limited by time, place and equipment conditions. Medical gymnastics, jogging, walking, cycling, qigong, Tai Ji Chuan, special sports equipment (such as tensioners and automatic treadmills). ), sunbathing, air bath and water bath are usually used as treatment means. Should vary from person to person, persevere, step by step, with drug or surgical treatment, psychological counseling. Two cadres have used "guidance" and "health preservation" as a means to prevent and treat diseases many years ago, and then they have been continuously developed and improved, becoming an important part of sports medicine in China.

7. The essence of sports. It refers to the inherent fundamental characteristics of sports and is a kind of sports activity and social and cultural activity of human society.

8. The essential characteristics of sports. It develops the body, strengthens the physique, promotes the all-round development of people and serves the social development through physical exercise. In the process of social development, it is restricted by certain politics and economy, and serves certain politics and economy. Sports has the dual attributes of nature and society. Natural attributes such as methods and means of exercise; Social attributes such as sports concept and system.

Swimmer's swimsuit is designed to reduce the resistance between body and water and improve swimming speed.

Windsurfing uses the wind to move forward.

Judo athletes can make good use of the knowledge of inertia, center of gravity and moment, and can throw opponents heavier than themselves.

In addition, in tug-of-war, the outcome depends largely on people's skills. For example, pedaling hard on the ground can exert more pressure on the ground than its own weight in a short time. Another example is that people lean back, using the pull of the other side to increase the pressure on the ground, and so on. Its purpose is to rub the soles of the feet to the maximum extent in order to win the game.