High-definition Chinese map of Europe: introduction to major European countries.

In 2022, the high-definition Chinese version of the map of Europe has appeared. As the continent with the most complex terrain in the world, Europe has the smallest area, but there are many countries, so many friends who like to travel expect to get a high-definition map of Europe. Europe has a long history and a unique geographical position. The vast Arctic Ocean in the north, the Mediterranean Sea in the south, the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea in the southwest, and then the famous Alps. It borders the distant African continent in the south and the Asian continent in the west. This is indeed a blessing.

Europe is located in the west of Asia and is a part of Eurasia. Its north, west and south sides are respectively

Bordering the Arctic Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea, the east and southeast are adjacent to Asia, just like a big peninsula protruding westward from the Eurasian continent. Most European countries belong to developed countries. The area of Europe is the sixth in the world, with an average population density of 75 people per square kilometer. It is the third most populous continent in the world, second only to Asia and Africa. Europe is one of the most livable continents with the highest living standard, the highest environmental and human development index.

Europe is bordered by Urals and ural river in the east, Caspian Sea, Caucasus Mountain and Black Sea in the southeast, North America in the west, Atlantic Ocean, Greenland Sea and Danish Strait in the north, Arctic Ocean in the north and Africa in the Mediterranean Sea in the south (the dividing line is the Strait of Gibraltar).

The northernmost part of Europe is Noqin, the southernmost part is Marocchi, and the westernmost part is Rocca. Europe is the second smallest continent in the world, only bigger than Oceania. It is called Eurasia with Asia and Eurasia with Asia and Africa.

According to major European countries, there are 44 countries and regions in Europe, which are geographically divided into five regions: southern Europe, western Europe, central Europe, northern Europe and eastern Europe.

A tourist map of Europe, as shown below, shows the straight-line distance between major tourist cities.

Southern Europe:

Southern Europe refers to the Balkan Peninsula, Apennine Peninsula, Iberian Peninsula and the nearby islands south of the Alps, including Italy, Greece, Spain, Portugal, Vatican, San Marino, Malta, Serbia, Montenegro, Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania and Andorra. Area 1.66 million square kilometers.

The main minerals are petroleum, natural asphalt, coal, chromium, mercury, lead, zinc and copper. Southern Europe is the origin of cultivated plants such as olives, grapes, fennel and oak. Crops are mainly wheat, corn and tobacco. Rich in citrus, grapes, olives, lemons and cork. The sheep industry is relatively developed, and Spain is the origin of the world-famous fine-wool merino sheep.

Western Europe:

In a narrow sense, Western Europe refers to the Atlantic Ocean and its nearby islands in Western Europe, including Britain, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and Monaco, covering an area of more than 930,000 square kilometers.

The main minerals are coal, iron, oil, natural gas and potassium salt. Crops are mainly wheat, barley, oats, potatoes and beets. Rich in grapes and apples. Fisheries and animal husbandry are well developed. Belgian and French-made Ahlden horses, Berkshire pigs, Yorkshire pigs, Yorkshire pigs, Irish cattle, thoroughbred horses produced in Britain and Dutch cattle produced in the Netherlands are world-famous.

Central Europe:

Central Europe refers to Central Europe south of the Baltic Sea and north of the Alps, including Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary and Liechtenstein. Central Europe covers an area of 65,438+0,065,438+0,000 square kilometers. The south is occupied by the tall Alps and its branch Carpathian Mountains, where there are many subsidence basins. The northern part is plain, influenced by Quaternary glaciation, with many glacial landforms and lakes.

The main minerals are lignite, hard coal, potassium salt, lead, zinc, copper, uranium, magnesite, bauxite and sulfur. Crops are mainly wheat, barley, rye, potato and beet, and temperate fruits are also produced. Animal husbandry is relatively developed, and Switzerland's fine breeds such as Simmental, Saneng goat and Tugenbao goat are world-famous.

Northern Europe:

Northern Europe refers to jutland and Scandinavia, including Iceland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland and the Faroe Islands (Denmark), with an area of 1.32 million square kilometers. There are many plateaus, hills and lakes in the territory, which were all covered by glaciers during the Quaternary Glacier Period, so there are many glacial landforms and fjord coasts. Scandinavia covers an area of about 800,000 square kilometers, the Norwegian coast is steep and tortuous, and there are many islands and fjords. Scandinavian mountains run through the peninsula, about 65,438+0,500 km long and 400-500 km wide. The west slope is steep and the east slope is gentle. This is an ancient platform mountain range with glaciers in some areas. Norway's Park Jung Su is the highest point on the peninsula, with an altitude of 2,470 meters. Iceland has many volcanoes and hot springs.

The main minerals are iron, lead, zinc and copper. Forests are widely distributed. Crops are mainly wheat, rye, oats, potatoes and beets. Animal husbandry is relatively developed. Rich in fish, the west coast is one of the four major fishing grounds in the world. The catch accounts for about 9% of the total catch in the world.

Eastern Europe:

Eastern Europe refers to the eastern part of Europe. Geographically, it refers to Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova and the European part of Russia. The terrain is dominated by the eastern European plain with an average elevation of 1.70 meters, with the Urals mountains on the eastern edge, hills and glaciers on the plain, numerous lakes in the north and vast grasslands and deserts in the southeast. The northern coastal area belongs to the cold tundra climate, which transits to the temperate grassland climate in the south, and the temperate desert climate in the southeast. The Volga River, the largest river in Europe, flows into the Caspian Sea in the southeast.

The main minerals are oil, coal, iron, manganese and phosphate. Rich in wheat, potatoes, beets and sunflowers. Animal husbandry is relatively developed, and Soviet Heavy Horse, orlov Small Horse Racing and Dun Hippo are all excellent horse breeds.

European climate Most of Europe has temperate maritime climate, but also Mediterranean climate, temperate continental climate, polar climate and plateau mountain climate. Temperate maritime climate is the most typical.

The highest temperature in summer is in the Mediterranean region. The average temperature in Athens in July is 27℃, Granada in Spain is 25℃, and Turin in Italy is 23.5℃. In summer, the average temperature gradually decreases to the north and coastal areas. The average temperature in Tronso and Waldo in Norway in July is about 1 1℃ and 9℃. In winter, the temperature gradually decreases from southwest to northeast of Europe; Therefore, the average temperature in Lisbon 1 month is 10.5℃, while that in Agathon, the Soviet Union is-14.5℃. The average temperature on the Atlantic coast is quite high in winter. For example, the Norwegian Arctic coast is not colder than new york. Rainfall is mostly concentrated in the Atlantic and Mediterranean coastal areas, and there is also a lot of rainfall in the islands on the northwest coast, such as the British Isles. The rainfall in the northwest coast is more than 2000 mm, and the rainfall in the Black Sea gradually decreases to the southeast.

European tourism generally recommends one or more countries to travel together.

One country: Britain, Greece, France, etc.

Multinational: generally three, four, five or eight countries.

Three countries: France, Switzerland and Italy.

Visit four countries: Germany, France, Italy and Switzerland for 12 days.

Tour routes of France, Switzerland, Italy, Austria and Germany, 15 days.

Germany, France, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Belgium, Italy, Austria and Switzerland, 15 days.

There are also tours in northern Europe, eastern Europe and southern Europe.

Nordic tourist routes: Russia, Finland, Sweden, Norway, Iceland.

Eastern European tourist routes: Austria, Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia.

Tourist routes in southern Europe: Spain, Portugal and Greece.