Where is the "Summer Resort"?

Located in the northeast of Hebei Province, 230 kilometers away from Beijing. Historically, it was the capital of the Qing Dynasty, the former capital of Jehol Province in the early Republic of China and liberation, and now it is a provincial city of Hebei Province, which has jurisdiction over Chengde County, Longhua County, Luanping County, Xinglong County, Pingquan County, Kuancheng Manchu Autonomous County, Fengning Manchu Autonomous County, Weichang Manchu and Mongolian Autonomous County, Shuangqiao District, Shuangluan District and Yingshouyingzi Mining Area. The total population of the city is more than 3.4 million, including 25 ethnic minorities such as Manchu, Mongolian, Hui and Korean, with a population of 1.3 million; With a total area of 39,548 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 18.6 square kilometers, it is the political, economic and cultural center of Yanbei area. In the north, there are heaped-up mountains in seven old, with vast forests and vast grasslands. Yanshan Mountain is located in the middle of China, which is a hilly area. The southern part is the continuation of the eastern part of the Yanshan Mountains, with overlapping peaks and deep canyons. Rivers include Chaohe, Luanhe, Liuhe and Niulao. The beautiful and sweet Chaohe and Luanhe rivers continuously flow to Beijing and Tianjin. Chengde is 200- 1200m above sea level, with an average elevation of 350m. The highest peak, Wuling Mountain, is 2 1 18m above sea level. The mountains around the urban area belong to Danxia landform, with strange peaks and rocks, and are diverse in nature, forming ten unique landscapes such as Hammer Peak, Luohan Mountain, Tianqiao Mountain and Shuangta Mountain.

Known as the "purple pearl", Chengde is listed as one of the first national historical and cultural cities, the top ten scenic spots in China, the top 40 tourist attractions and one of the national key scenic spots. It is a national first-class open city. 1994 Chengde's summer resort and its surrounding temples have been approved by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage, thus making Chengde a world cultural city.

Chengde borders Beijing, Tianjin and Zhangjiakou in the west, Liaoning in the east, Inner Mongolia in the north and Qinhuangdao and Tangshan in the south. It is an important regional city in the hinterland of Yanshan Mountain and the coast of Bohai Sea. Chengde, located in the hinterland of Yanshan Mountains, is 40o 1 1'-42o40' north latitude and115o54'-15' east longitude. It belongs to the transition zone from sub-temperate zone to sub-frigid zone, with semi-humid and semi-arid continental monsoon climate, four distinct seasons, abundant sunshine and large temperature difference between day and night. The annual average temperature is 8.9oC, and the annual average frost-free period is 160 days. Summer is warm and cool, winter is not too cold, and rainfall is moderate. The main agricultural products are rice, corn, apples and red fruits; Industrial products are mainly metallurgy, textiles, machinery and chemicals. Steel, pipe, mining machinery, electronic track scale, chain conveyor, crankshaft connecting rod, pipe wrench, automobile instrument, silk and linen fabric, glassware, Chinese patent medicine, almond syrup, etc. Best-selling domestic and foreign markets. There are 7 pairs of trains on the railway, including Jingcheng, Shicheng, Monocrystal, Jincheng, Ye Cheng, Jackie Chan and Chengxing, which go directly to Beijing, Shijiazhuang, Dan and Tianjin. The roads extend in all directions, and it is the fortress of Beijing-Tianjin region leading to Inner Mongolia and Northeast China. The city has developed communication, adequate power supply and water supply, convenient transportation and great potential for soil preparation. The municipal government implements the policy of vigorously developing industrial production with the help of tourism advantages and pursues preferential foreign investment policies. Since 1984, many industrial and commercial enterprises from Japan, Hong Kong, Southeast Asia and Europe have come here to compete for the market.

Chengde, once known as Jehol, was originally known as Shangheying. Qianlong's textual research on the source of the Jehol recorded: "The Jehol, now called Wulie Water, has three sources ... all three sources converge, flowing along the northeast of the villa to the southwest, and under the hammer peak, there are also hot springs flowing out of the villa, hence the name Jehol." The Jehol, that is, Wulie Water, flows eastward from Boluo River Tun (now Longhua County) in the north, passes through Shangying, Pianling and Dashimiao of Jehol, and flows into Luanhe River in Xia Ying of Jehol. The water in the summer resort meets Wulie Water in the southeast of Shangying. The river from here to Xia Ying is called "Jehol" because it flows into hot springs. The camp on the Jehol is the area around the temple of fire in downtown today; The next camp is now Yingzi Village, Zhuangtou, Dashimiao Township, which is 25 li apart.

Chengde has a long history and rich multi-ethnic historical and cultural connotations, especially the summer resort and Waiba Temple built during the prosperous period of Kanggan in Qing Dynasty. Chengde, as a historical witness of the unity and unity of multi-ethnic countries, is famous for its majestic northland and beautiful south of the Yangtze River. According to the textual research of unearthed cultural relics, there were traces of human activities in Chengde area as early as the Longshan culture period in the Central Plains. During the Warring States period, it belonged to the territory of Yan State. From Qin and Han Dynasties to Tang and Song Dynasties, the Xiongnu, Xianbei, Kumoxi, Qidan, Nuzhen and other ethnic minorities once nomadic here. Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty left a poem "Children can walk fast, women can bend their bows" and "encirclement flies, and the account is empty". During the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, it belonged to Beiping (now Beijing) and was a nomadic place for Mongolian people such as Harqin, Ongniud Banner and Chahar. Until the early years of the Qing Dynasty, the Jehol River had no central or local management organization, and it was a small village with "the name was not in the hands of employees". In the forty-second year of Kangxi (1703), the Qing court built a palace here, and the population increased day by day. In the forty-seventh year of Kangxi (1708), the Jehol Palace was put into use, and the Peugeot Jehol entered a period of development. By the fiftieth year of Kangxi (17 1 1), it was already a big village of "physiological farming and mulberry, gathering people to thousands of households". Since then, in order to meet the needs of the emperor to go to Chengde for the summer vacation every year, Mongolian princes, court ministers and some literati rushed to build palaces in Chengde. Chengde's industry and commerce developed at a high speed, and the streets were crowded with pedestrians, horses and chariots, and countless restaurants and tea shops ... In the first year of Yongzheng (1723), the Jehol Hall was set up, and in the second year, the Jehol General Manager was set up to take charge of the civil affairs in Dongmeng. In the 11th year of Yongzheng (1733), Yin Zhen inherited the meaning of his ancestor Deze and set up Rehetang in Zhili Prefecture, Chengde, which is the origin of the name "Chengde". After six years of Qianlong, Li Hong began to enjoy the summer resort, and Chengde began to enter a prosperous period. In the forty-third year of Qianlong (1778), Li Hong said in a Chongqing decree: "I stayed in Jehol every autumn. Over the past decades, my household registration has been increasing, my people's livelihood has been rich, and the market has been Yin Wen ..." "Thousands of people gathered in the ancestors of the emperor, but today it is more than 10,000, making it a big city." "Rehe has been an international metropolis for more than 60 years since it was built in Huangzu Mountain Villa, and its hukou is increasing day by day." 1920 was promoted to Chengde prefecture. In the 15th year of Jiaqing (18l0), the Jehol was established. After the seventh year of Daoguang (1827), all the civil and military officials in Jehol were under the jurisdiction of the General Political Department, and their official positions were the same as those of the governor and governor sent by the court. After the Revolution of 1911, the official system was abolished, the Jehol Special Zone was established in the third year of the Republic of China (19 14), and the Jehol Province was rebuilt in the seventeenth year of the Republic of China (1929), with Chengde as the capital of Jehol Province. 1March 933, Chengde fell and was occupied by the Japanese aggressors. In August 2008, the Japanese invaders surrendered, and Chengde established the Eighth Route Army Office, which was later changed to the Rexi Office and the Rexi Working Committee. Chengde Municipal People's Government was established in September and formally established in June 1 1. 1August, 946, the Kuomintang troops occupied Chengde. After liberation, 1948 established Chengde Municipal Government, which was subordinate to Jehol Province. 1955, the organizational system of Jehol Province was abolished, and Chengde City was placed under the jurisdiction of Hebei Province. 1958 Chengde is led by Chengde Society. 1960 Chengde Commissioner's Office was revoked, and Chengde City was changed to a provincial city. 196 1, re-established Chengde agency and changed Chengde city into a municipal jurisdiction. 1982, the city was divided, and Chengde was once again changed to a provincial city. To 1993, Chengde city merged.

Chengde has unique tourism resources and unique style. There are many "best in the world" here: the largest royal garden in the world-the summer resort; Waiba Temple, the largest group of royal temples in the world; The largest wooden Buddha statue in the world-avalokitesvara with thousands of hands and eyes; The shortest river in the world-Jehol; The essence of Wan Li Great Wall-Jinshanling Great Wall; Hammer peak, known as the world's best stone pillar; The first strange pine in the world-Kowloon Pine ..... Royal demeanor in the city, natural paradise in the countryside. "It is the emperor's choice to visit Chengde", which is the tourist slogan of Chengde.

The Summer Resort is the largest royal garden in China, covering an area of 5.64 million square meters, with a perimeter of 10 km. It is divided into two parts: the palace area and the garden scenic area. Xishan East Lake, with rolling hills, pines and cypresses, lush water plants, simple and elegant architecture, dotted islands, plain singing and dancing, elk in groups, pavilions, dikes and bridges scattered in order, rockeries and rocks dotted among them. Kangxi Qianlong made the finishing touch with the four-character and three-character "Thirty-six Scenes". It combines the essence of north and south garden architecture art and has the charm of South America and North America. There is a garden in the garden with beautiful scenery, which is praised by Kangxi as "its own mountains and rivers, the Arctic, and the natural scenery is better than the West Lake".

Splendid temples and temples are full of architectural arts of Manchu, Han, Mongolian, Tibetan and Uygur nationalities, which are magnificent and have different styles. They are symbols of resisting foreign aggression and national unity. Temple monuments abound, such as the stars holding the moon all over the periphery of the villa. In addition, Chengde's unique "Danxia landform" has been carefully carved by nature for hundreds of millions of years, forming a variety of styles. The landscape centered on the summer resort and surrounding temples radiates to the periphery. There is Mulan Weichang National Forest Park in Royal Hunt, Chengde in the north. In summer, you can enjoy the vast forests and grasslands, and in winter, you can enjoy the scenery of the northland with thousands of miles of ice and snow in Wan Li. In the south, there are the former Royal Garden and today's Wuling Mountain Nature Reserve. In the west, there are the First Grassland Resort in North Beijing and Baiyun Ancient Cave. In the east, there are Chaoyang Cave, Yuquan Palace, Liaoheyuan Resort and Panjiakou Reservoir, a world wonder-underwater Great Wall tourist area. Between the Jingcheng Highway and the towering mountains, there is the majestic Jinshanling Great Wall. The picturesque city has formed a famous golden tourist belt in the north of Beijing.