Classical Chinese blog

1. How to learn classical Chinese well 1? Pay attention to preview, learn to translate word by word with the help of notes before self-study class, and don't wait for the teacher to explain.

Pay attention to find out difficult sentences and submit them to class discussion, and ask teachers and classmates for advice. It is necessary to classify keywords, highlight key points and break through difficulties.

There are many notional words in classical Chinese that are polysemy and multi-purpose. We should be good at memorizing, comparing, summarizing and sorting out, and learn "words" vividly. You can make a "short list of commonly used classical Chinese words" and list several columns of "words, parts of speech, meaning and example sentences" to systematize your knowledge and improve your learning efficiency.

2. Follow the principle that words and sentences are inseparable. Whether it is a notional word or a function word, its meaning and usage are always expressed in a specific language environment. When accumulating classical Chinese words, don't memorize them by rote, but try to figure them out in combination with the "context". But this method of putting the cart before the horse, if only based on cross talk to explain the meaning, is also very harmful.

For example, for the sentence "it is enough to persuade good and abstain from evil", the text notes that "it can persuade good, but not evil." This is just a string of general ideas, but students often interpret it according to it, mistakenly thinking that "as for = can be done" and "enough = not bad" are divorced from the established meaning of words, resulting in wrong concepts.

In fact, "as for" and "feet" are not explained. If you think that "persuasion = persuasion", it is out of the specific context, because "persuasion" and doing good cannot match.

This "persuasion" is "persuasion" and is synonymous with "persuasion". It is easy to violate the basic principle of understanding the meaning of words without distinguishing between translation and accurate interpretation.

3. Remember the main classical Chinese sentence patterns. There are five kinds of Chinese classic sentence patterns: judgmental sentence, interrogative sentence, passive sentence, ellipsis sentence and inversion sentence, and each sentence pattern has several different forms. Remember the form that is easy to remember and understand. For example, the most striking feature of the judgment sentence in classical Chinese is that it is basically not expressed by the judgment sentence' yes', but often uses a noun or noun phrase as a predicate to judge the subject. Its sentence pattern has the following representations: (1).

,.

Yes "

This is the most common form of judgment sentence in classical Chinese. Using "zhe" after the subject indicates Teton, which has the function of easing the tone. Using "ye" after the predicate ends the sentence and makes a positive judgment or explanation on the subject.

Such as: "Chen She people, Yangcheng people also." (Historical Records Chen She Family, Volume II), ".

,。

Yes "

Sometimes "zhe" and "ye" do not necessarily appear at the same time in a judgment sentence. Generally, "zhe" is omitted and only "ye" is used to judge. For example, "Cao Cao is a famous Han Xiang, but he is actually a Han thief."

("Zi Lu Jian" Volume III), ".

,.

"Some judgments only use" zhe "after the subject to express Teton, which is not common.

Such as: four people, Lu, the father of Changle Wang, Yu's father, your father, An Shangchun's father (the fourth volume of Wang Anshi's trip to Baochan Mountain), ".

And ... "

At the end of the sentence, the modal particle "Zheye" is used to strengthen the positive tone. At this time, the "zhe" does not mean Teton, but only acts as an agent. This kind of judgment sentence is also very common in classical Chinese.

Such as: "Xu Gong is in the north of the city, and the beauty of Qi is also." ("The Warring States Policy Qi Ce") (5), unmarked judgment sentence.

Some judgments in classical Chinese are unmarked, and nouns are judged directly. For example, "Liu Bei is a hero in the world."

(Battle of Red Cliffs) In addition, in classical Chinese, adverbs such as "Nai, Bi, Yi, that is, sincerity, completeness, then" are often added before verb predicates in order to strengthen the judgment mood. It should be noted that the word "yes" before the predicate in a judgment sentence is generally not a judgment sentence, but a demonstrative pronoun and the subject of the judgment sentence. However, the word "Shi" in some judgment sentences does not always indicate judgment. "Shi" was rarely used as a judgment word in ancient Chinese before Qin Dynasty, but was more used as a judgment word after Han Dynasty.

Also, the adverb added before the positive judgment predicate and the negative adverb "Fei" added before the negative judgment predicate are not judgment words. 4. Advocating reading Chinese textbooks, emphasizing reading and reciting classical Chinese, mastering classical Chinese knowledge by reading and reciting more, and understanding the meaning of the text can cultivate language perception.

There are some differences between classical Chinese and modern Chinese in language form. Classical Chinese is an ancient written language based on pre-Qin spoken language, and the works written by writers in ancient times in ancient Chinese language belong to the ancient Chinese system. The main difference between this kind of articles and modern Chinese lies in the language differences. Therefore, the difficulty and focus of classical Chinese learning is also in language.

In classical Chinese, indifferent people also cringe; Students and monks are puzzled by the variety, flexible usage and different meanings of ancient and modern words. Special sentence patterns are more different from modern Chinese habits. Therefore, only by reading more books can we cultivate a sense of ancient Chinese language. Only by reading more books can we understand the "blood relationship" between modern Chinese and ancient Chinese and understand the perfection and beauty of classical Chinese.

China is an ancient civilization with a long history, and it is also a "big country with words as its carrier". There are many good articles and ideas in classical Chinese. There are a lot of crucial words and sentences that are still in use today.

Only through reading, especially reading aloud, can we appreciate its unique taste and significance. Reading can be divided into four steps: the first step is to read the text roughly with the help of notes.

Finish the rough reading task in the preview. The primary task of rough reading is to dredge the text, and then perceive the text on this basis, and grasp the structure of the text as a whole.

Read it two or three times according to the context, and you should be able to understand the text. In rough reading, you should draw difficult words for discussion in class.

The second step is to ask questions, solve problems and read the text carefully. Through intensive reading in class, we should be able to correct pronunciation, orthomorphism and sentence break accurately, solve difficult problems encountered in rough reading, analyze the structure of the article and improve our understanding of the content of the article.

The third step is to understand and read the text intensively. Try to read tone, intonation and rhythm in intensive reading.

Through intensive reading, we can deeply comprehend and understand the work, feel the emotion of the article and grasp the characteristics of the article. The fourth step is to appreciate and evaluate the text.

This step mainly depends on students' initiative after class. We should be familiar with reading, strengthen the learning effect of classical Chinese vocabulary, and deepen our understanding of the content and structure of the text.

We should consciously improve our literary appreciation and evaluation ability. When reading aloud, we should observe its meaning with our eyes, read its sound with our mouths, listen to its words with our ears, think about its meaning with our brains, and pay attention to our eyes, mouths and ears.

2. How to improve students' reading level of classical Chinese? Blog classical Chinese reading and analysis ability depends on accumulation. Suggestion:

1. First of all, we have a basic understanding of the basic grammar of classical Chinese, that is, to understand all the grammatical requirements involved in Chinese teaching. With this foundation, we can further study.

2. Then, learn to break sentences. Even if there are punctuation marks in classical Chinese, sentence breaking still needs to be familiar. If you can't break sentences, you don't deserve meaning. For example, "Who are we going home with?" The sentence is "I/Who will go with me", obviously it is "I/Who will go with me", so it is natural to understand "Who will go back with me?"

3. Then, master the basic notional words: for example, we should understand the explanations of rare words involved in every classical Chinese textbook.

If you go through the above steps, accumulate objectively and train classical Chinese reading, your analytical ability will soar. Otherwise, everything will be in vain.

3. China people's learning methods Confucius said: "Those who know are not as good as those who know, and those who know are not as good as those who are happy." This also shows that learning must be interested in what you have learned and learning, which is the basis of learning well, and so is learning Chinese.

As long as we are interested in learning Chinese, we will find it interesting. If we find the pleasure of learning, it will help us to study Chinese persistently. Without perseverance, we can't learn Chinese at all. Some students think that Chinese is boring, they have too many things to recite, and they don't want to learn at all. Of course, their grades can't go up. Therefore, interest is very important for learning.

Secondly, learning Chinese is an accumulation process, which cannot be accomplished overnight. Only by long-term accumulation can we learn Chinese better. Accumulation also requires a lot of reading and reciting. Read it when we are free. Good books or articles can not only enrich knowledge, but also cultivate temperament. However, we should not only read, but also think. We should prepare a notebook record to extract, copy down the good sentences encountered in the process of reading, and look at them from time to time to make them our own things. When we encounter doubts and difficulties, we should also write them down, discuss them with others and listen to their views. Only in this way can we make progress and improve our level.

Moreover, reading more books will enrich your knowledge, improve your quality and broaden your horizons. Besides, writing also needs material. Only by reading more books, paying more attention to the things around you, and connecting what is said in the book with real life, will you write like a spring, and the articles you write will be good articles. There is an old saying: "Reading is like breaking thousands of books, and writing is like being a god." In other words, only by reading more can you write a good article. Most people know what this means, but not many people do the previous sentence, and not many people really like reading and can get knowledge from it. Therefore, not many people can write good compositions. But we should be such people, that is, we should learn to read and enjoy reading. When reading a book or an article, we should think about its connotation, its writing method and the author's idea, and then apply the good aspects to our own writing to make up for our own shortcomings. Also, it is better to ask questions. Remember to ask questions if you don't understand, especially when you read classical Chinese, ancient poems and words after class. We need to consult reference books to find some words, phrases and sentences that we can't fully understand. If you can't find it in the reference book, or you still don't understand it after checking it, you should ask the teacher in time and understand it in time, so that you can learn ancient poetry well. Remember never to pretend to understand them and keep them in your heart.

Chinese is an art, which needs us to learn, taste and develop from reading, speaking and writing. Reading is to gain knowledge and appreciation. Chinese is an art, and speaking and writing are the embodiment of Chinese and the real purpose of learning Chinese. Since this is the case, our school should practice writing after class. Only by writing more can we improve and really write a good article. In talking with others, we can learn to use the knowledge we have gained from reading. Only in this way can we link Chinese with life.

Knowing this, we will not feel bored when we come to learn Chinese again, but will feel it is a kind of enjoyment. When we regard learning as a kind of enjoyment, it will be very difficult if we don't learn well!

As for the method of learning Chinese, I also read a blog, which is quite good. Bloggers are always the last in the class, and then it takes six months, from the last to the first in the grade, to the first in the examination area. Isn't it amazing? It can be seen that there is a learning mentality, and good methods are like wings to help you take off. You can go and see some of his methods, which may inspire you! Find Li's Sina blog online, which contains Chinese learning methods and problem-solving skills. These are all his experiences, I hope I can help you! His story tells me that there is really nothing impossible. As long as you can realize your own shortcomings and have the determination to fight a decisive battle, you can succeed! Work hard, I believe you can learn Chinese well!

4. Chinese learning methods Chinese is mainly to attend classes. Teachers should keep the key points in mind. If it is unrealistic to keep it all in mind, you can take notes and record the key points at the same time. Studying an article is mainly to grasp the main idea of the article. As long as you grasp the main idea, other things that seem difficult to recite can be recited at once by your own understanding. When speaking classical Chinese, it is important to listen, because classical Chinese can be translated and the whole sentence can be translated, so the definition of words is not a problem. Writing, I think it seems a bit rigid to recite, because I am also a student and don't want to recite. To write a composition, you should read more books and accumulate them by reading good books. It can not only accumulate words, but also help reading, because many reading materials are selected from magazines. In addition, when reading short stories, we should basically think about why the author wrote this article. What is the irony of this article? Ordinary novels have a certain irony.

I'm talking about learning Chinese well, which is the most basic thing to do. I also read a good blog about China's learning methods. Bloggers are always the last in the class, and it took six months, from the last to the first in the grade, to the first in the examination area. It's amazing! It can be seen that there is a learning mentality, and good methods are like wings to help you take off. You can go and have a look. Baidu looks for Li Sina's blog, which contains Chinese learning methods, other subject learning methods and problem-solving skills. These are all his experiences. I hope I can help you! His story tells me that there is really nothing impossible. As long as you can realize your own shortcomings and have the determination to fight a decisive battle, you can succeed! Work hard, I believe you can learn Chinese well!

Please write a diary in classical Chinese, go to sleep at dusk, wake up with a hangover at midnight, and pray with respect for your father. Bloom night, parents are blessed. Inherit the Millennium custom and enjoy the worldly pleasure.

At first, my father and I had a drink, and the three of us were happy. My mother was very busy and seldom rested, so I talked about her past. Yu Yue said, "Do you know its name? Do you know how it spread? In ancient times, there was a beast named Xi. Its claws were sharp and its teeth were sharp, and its taste changed every day. They fell in love with kites of flowers, insects of nine secluded places, dyed fresh blood and swallowed birds with their teeth. After realizing its trail, when the anniversary comes out, it will eat people, attack quietly in the dark, turn against it at dawn, crouch under the shade of Maolin and perch on the top of the peaks. So they get together behind closed doors at night, have a good meal, have a drink and enjoy unexpected happiness.

If you don't reach it, you will have it. Then I realized that he was afraid of Zhu, but he fired a gun like thunder to drive him away and got his hands on Zhu Linmen to escape. There was a strong man, air billow, who took dogs to fight and killed them with a bow. The world calls this night New Year's Eve, which has been passed down for thousands of years. "Say, drink slowly, if micro.

My father just laughed and didn't answer, while my mother comforted each other and enjoyed herself under the snow, avoiding the invasion of ancient beasts.

6. Longer classical Chinese, big brother and big sister, whose classical Chinese is longer? I want to write a pen in the summer solstice of the ugly year, which means to tell my own grief and indignation. The forest is very big and there are many birds, but I haven't seen a bird and a beast, and you.

It's too late to cure the medicine. When I know this, my body trembles out of control. I am a cruel and heartless thing. If I feed the dog, I am above you.

You didn't owe me anything for following me. You have been good to me for a long time. You are angry! Blame yourself for getting sick, and you have lost everything that is evil to animals. After this, I know my wisdom, I know you are calling.

I am a weak woman who wants to slap herself. When you pay for your sins, you can stop her with your claws. How can a ridiculous vertical shaft save face?

If you blame me for turning a deaf ear to my old friend's advice, you should commit crimes yourself. Remember that there are causes and consequences in the world.

If you do all the evil things, you will get what you want. If you want to know clearly, why not lose its extreme, break its good and do its evil.

Just like the dog's head and the mouse's tail, the world will be a speech. I have no long-term vision, only bullying my wife! Poor mouse, inhuman! I want to defend my mother.

Xunzi's exhortation to learn (full text) The gentleman said: You can't learn. Green.

Take it from blue, and green is blue; Ice cubes. Water is prepared for it, but it is colder than water.

Wood is straight in the rope and is considered as a wheel. Although it is violent, it is natural to let it stand still. Therefore, the wood is straight by the rope, the gold is sharp, the gentleman is knowledgeable, and he saves himself every day, so he knows clearly without fault.

So, if you don't climb the mountain, you don't know the height of the sky. Don't face the deep stream, I don't know the thickness of the ground; I didn't know the greatness of learning until I heard the last words of my late king. The sons of Gan, Yue, Yi and Xun were born in unison, long and different, and naturally educated.

The poem says, "Dear Sir, there is no constant rest. Jing * * *, good is integrity.

Listen to God and you will be blessed. God is greater than Tao, and joy is greater than harmlessness.

I've been thinking about it all day. I might as well learn it in a minute. I've tasted it and I'm looking forward to it. Let's go hiking.

Climb a trick, the arm does not lengthen, but the person you see is far away; Call with the wind, the sound does not add disease, but the listener is obvious. Those who cheat horses are not good enough, but cause thousands of miles; If you are a fake ship, you will definitely know how to swim, absolutely? India >? By who? And boiled glass? Ping's disease In the south, there is a bird named Meng Dui, whose nest is feathers, whose hair is woven and whose reed is tied. When the wind breaks, the egg broken child dies.

The nest is endless, but so are the people connected with it. There is a kind of wood in the west called Shegan. Its stem is four inches long, and it was born on a high mountain. However, in the abyss, the wooden pole can't grow out, but it stands naturally.

In the bitter fleabane bitter fleabane, I can't bear to go straight; White sand is nirvana, and it is black. Lan Huaigen is a cheese, but he grows up, and the gentleman is not close, so he refuses to accept it.

Its quality is not beautiful, but it is also gradual. Therefore, a gentleman must choose his hometown when he is born, and he must be a scholar when he travels. Therefore, we must also guard against evil and righteousness.

Everything has a beginning and an end. When honor or disgrace comes, it will be like virtue.

Meat rots into adults, and fish withers into moths. Ignoring and forgetting your body is a disaster.

Strong cultivation, soft cultivation. Evil is in the body, and resentment is in the structure.

Wages are the same, the fire is dry, the ground is the same, and the water is wet. Vegetation is born, birds and animals are numerous, and things are human beings.

Is a piece of nature, bows and arrows are very important; Lin, and the axe is heavy; Trees provide shade, but birds rest. Acyl acid, but Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.

Therefore, words are troublesome, actions are humiliating, and gentlemen are cautious about words! Accumulated soil becomes mountains, and the wind and rain are prosperous; The water drops merged into the ocean and the dragon was born; Accumulate goodness into virtue, the gods are complacent, and the sacred heart is prepared. Therefore, you can't take Wan Li Road without accumulating steps; If you don't accumulate small streams, you won't be a river.

Leap, not ten steps; This is a great contribution to the success of Ma Xu. Perseverance, rotten wood can't be carved; Perseverance, the stone can be carved.

Earthworms do not have the advantages of minions, and their bones and muscles are strong. They eat the earth and drink the yellow land with their hearts. The crab kneels six times and pinches twice. It's not that the snake hole has no sustenance, it's also impetuous.

Therefore, people with ulterior motives have no bright future; He made much ado about nothing, which has nothing to do with hehe. Those who follow the right path will not come, and those who follow the right path will not allow it.

Eyes can't see, ears can't hear. The viper flies without feet, and the mouse is poor in five skills.

The poem says: "The corpse dove is in Sang, and her son is seven. A good gentleman with noble character is always a polite person.

Always have a good appearance and a rock-solid inner integrity. "So the gentleman knot a person also.

I used to play drums, but the fish flowed out to listen; Boya Guqin, while Liu Ma raises Yuan. Therefore, the sound is not small but not heard, and the line is not hidden but not shaped.

Jade is moist in the mountains, pearls are born in the deep, and cliffs are not withered. Don't accumulate evil for good, there are people who don't listen! Learn evil from scratch? Evil in the end? Yue: its number begins with chanting and ends with reading ceremony; Its significance begins with being a scholar and ends with being a saint.

If you really accumulate strength for a long time, you will enter. Learn until you finish.

Therefore, there is an end to the number of students. If it is just, it cannot be abandoned for a moment. People who work hard for it are also animals who give up.

Therefore, the book, the discipline of political affairs; Poet, the stop of the middle voice; Rites and laws are great, and so is class discipline. Therefore, learning must stop at ceremony.

Husband is called the extreme of morality. The respect of ceremony, the harmony of music, the abundance of poetry and books, the micro-spring and autumn, between heaven and earth.

The learning of a gentleman is also in the ear, in the heart, in the four bodies, and in the dynamic shape. Finally, as long as you move, you can become a law.

The knowledge of villains is also heard, not spoken; Between the mouth and ears, four inches, seven feet of beauty! Ancient scholars were themselves, and today's scholars are people. The study of a gentleman is also for beauty; Little people learn that birds are calves.

Therefore, if you don't ask, you will be proud of it, and if you ask, you will be proud of it. Proud, no, ooh, no; A gentleman is like a man.

Learn not to be close to others. Rites and music are not mentioned, poetry and books are not cut, and the Spring and Autumn Period is unhappy.

If you learn from a gentleman, you will respect him all over the world. Therefore, learning ink is almost close to people.

Learning classics is not as fast as learning good people, followed by long rituals. You can't be a good person in the world, and you can't be a gift in the next life. Ante can learn miscellaneous knowledge, poetry and books.

Then, in the last poor years, it is inevitable that there will be rude Confucianism. The original king, benevolence and righteousness, then courtesy is in its latitude and longitude.

If you pat your collar with five fingers, there will be countless followers. If you don't respect the constitution, take the poetry book as an example, and refer to the river, the millet and the cone-shaped rice pot, you can't get it.

Therefore, although Longli is unknown, he is also a lawyer; If you don't give a long gift, you will scatter Confucianism, although you will argue. If you ask, don't sue; Don't ask if you told anyone; Don't listen to those who talk.

Don't argue with people who live up to expectations. Therefore, we should learn from it and then pick it up; Avoid it unless it is the way.

Therefore, return the courtesy before you can talk to the parties; Words are fluent, and then words and deeds can be consistent and justified; Therefore, color can be followed by words and actions. Therefore, it cannot be said in words that this is pride; Can have nothing to say, that is hidden; In terms of color, it is called sorrow.

Therefore, a gentleman is not proud, not hiding, not jealous, let nature take its course. The poem says, "The son of heaven gave me comfort from bandits.

"This is also called. One shot in every shot is not good enough to shoot; A thousand miles is not enough, and good is not enough; Learning badly is because ethics has nothing to do with human nature.

7. Looking for the breeze in the middle of the night, the shutter doors move, the moon shadows sway, and the windows are lightly covered. All is silent, only the candlelight is dancing, the tea in the cup is cold, and the faint fragrance of tea still lingers at the mouth of the cup. I took a sip of my thin lips and felt bitter, but I couldn't help swallowing it, but it turned into a sweet stream in my throat. It's another full moon in the sky. Yin Hui is everywhere, and the cold dew among the leaves is crystal clear. You have been here all night, and when the dew slowly flows through the leaves, you will carefully collect it drop by drop. I don't understand, ask, you laugh, Mid-Autumn Festival essence is ready to make tea.

Water drops converge, jade beads hang, suddenly fall and fall apart. The wind blew the green leaves, and the dew rained down, flying over one after another, wetting the cotton felt and infiltrating the blue. The dew that can't be picked is like the tears that can't be wiped away, not for the full moon, but for parting with you. When people are gone, the fragrance is still there; The tea is cold, but the feeling remains the same; Lonely in front of the candle, I still miss you; The bronze mirror has no capacity, and the eyebrows are still frowning; Harp, still elegant; Between cases, the beautiful image remains unchanged.

My heart is like a lilac in the rain, swaying in the cold wind, with a trace of melancholy. Only a touch of purple lingers in the dream. In a blink of an eye, the moon has set in the west, and the candlelight has gone out. I feel dim and my face is beautiful, and I can't get rid of it. That's wet dream's memory.

Between you and me, like jasmine petals brewed in boiling water, we rise and fall in the cup and meet briefly, but if we want to be long-term, it will be difficult to return.

Think of a wonderful poem & gt；; Surrounded by tsing yi, ying ying is plain and clean. And the moon is the gentlest, so I can love Fang, I am also elegant, I will leave you, but I don't want to worry. Immersed in water, passionate, and fragrant at the bottom of the cup.

Long-lost leisure is always like Xijiang autumn moon and the moon is like a hook. It is difficult to turn back when you are reminded of your worries.

The ensemble flute has a long rhyme and a lingering sound, just waiting for the axis to turn and the moon to hide in the west building.

I don't know if it is so just.