How to treat travel diarrhea?

Tourist diarrhea is a diarrhea disease contracted by tourists who go to areas with high incidence of related diseases, especially among North American tourists (such as those traveling to Asia, Africa, Latin America, the Mediterranean and other countries), and the incidence rate is It can be as high as 30% to 70%.

The pathogen composition of tourists’ diarrhea reported by different scholars and different regions is also different. It is generally believed that the detection rates are: enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (40%), Salmonella and Shigella (15%), rotavirus and parvovirus (10%). The chance of diarrhea caused by Giardia is far away. More than amoeba, about 30% of tourists' diarrhea has unknown causes.

The pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of travelers' diarrhea depend on the type of pathogen. Diarrhea mostly occurs 3 to 7 days after arriving at the tourist destination, and the average duration is 3 to 5 days. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhea usually involves no fever and severe abdominal pain, but frequent, watery bowel movements, and vomiting and water loss may occur. The stool of viral diarrhea is watery and lacks characteristics. The incubation period for people with Giardia diarrhea is 1 to 3 weeks, and the course of the disease can be as long as more than 2 weeks. In Salmonella and Shigella infections, more white blood cells and pus cells can be seen in the stool.

The activities of some patients are significantly affected. Therefore, in addition to general treatment for tourists' diarrhea, corresponding treatment should be carried out according to the possible pathogens. Effective antibacterial drugs include cotrimoxazole, doxycycline and fluoroquinolone antibiotics (such as norfloxacin, flucolic acid, flufenac, ciprofloxacin, etc.).

Giardia and amoeba infections are mostly treated with metronidazole, the dose is 750 mg three times a day, and the course of treatment is 7 to 10 days.

To prevent the occurrence of diarrhea, tourists should not only pay attention to diet and drinking water, but also take some antibacterial drugs preventively, such as doxycycline, erythromycin, cotrimoxazole, etc., which include: The efficiency can reach 80%, but attention should be paid to taking it in small amounts to prevent intestinal flora imbalance and the development of drug-resistant strains.