What are the strategies for the safety management of scenic spots?

Security means no threat, danger, injury or loss. The harmony between human beings as a whole and living environment resources does not harm each other, and there are no hidden dangers and harms, which is a state of avoiding unacceptable damage risks. Safety is to control the possible damage caused by the running state of the system to human life, property and environment below an acceptable level in the process of human production.

In recent years, frequent safety accidents in tourist attractions have brought serious life and property risks to tourists, and also affected the sustainable development of tourist attractions to a great extent. So what causes frequent safety accidents in scenic spots? How should the management department of tourist attractions effectively prevent and deal with safety accidents? This paper will discuss these two issues.

Analysis of factors affecting the safety of scenic spots

1. Weak safety awareness

Mainly refers to the weak safety awareness of scenic spot managers and tourists. The former is mainly manifested in the safety accidents caused by managers' negligence, carelessness, fluky psychology, shortage of holiday security personnel, temporary deployment of personnel without any relevant work experience, and insufficient attention to potential safety hazards. The latter mainly includes tourists' awareness of preparation before traveling and their awareness of safety during traveling. However, many tourists know nothing about the preparation of self-protection and the arrangement of self-help and help before going out, so they engage in high-risk tourism activities such as adventure tourism; However, in the process of tourism activities, I was too excited, overestimated my coping ability, and did not carry out challenging and high-risk tourism activities according to the requirements of scenic spots and the instructions of relevant managers, which led to tourism safety incidents.

2. The design of traffic routes and the organization of tourism activities are unreasonable.

From the safety accidents in many scenic spots, it can be seen that unreasonable traffic routes and tourism activities are very destructive. Due to the unreasonable design and unsmooth management of tourist routes, it is easy to cause local tourist nodes to be too crowded, and tourists trample on each other, which is easy to cause safety accidents. For example, the Miyun accident in Beijing in 2004 was closely related to the organization of activities and the design of tourist routes, which led to the tragedy.

3. The equipment and facilities in the scenic spot are insufficient.

The equipment and facilities in many scenic spots in China are relatively backward, mainly due to the lack of equipment and facilities and untimely maintenance. The specific performance is as follows: the facilities and equipment in the scenic spot are aging, the supporting facilities are incomplete, and the product quality is unqualified; Unreasonable design of facilities and equipment, lack of functional and practical considerations of facilities; Unsafe equipment and facilities such as scenic trails and guardrails. For example, the catering facilities in tourist attractions are not up to standard, which is easy to cause tourists to get sick or food poisoning; The scenic spot lacks medical and health care facilities; Exploratory tourism products were developed, but related supporting facilities failed to keep up.

4. Social security issues

The development of tourism economic activities breeds local crimes and social security problems in scenic spots, the most typical of which is illegal crimes, which bring the seriousness of trauma and the universality of influence to tourists and become one of the most remarkable manifestations of the safety of tourist attractions. Illegal crimes in tourist attractions can be divided into three categories: first, illegal crimes against public and private property are numerous and wide, including theft, fraud, robbery, extortion and so on; Second, illegal crimes that endanger the personal safety and property safety of tourists; Third, illegal crimes related to sexual crimes, drugs, gambling and obscenity.

5. The safety management mechanism is not perfect.

Mainly in two aspects: the managers of tourist attractions and government departments. The managers of scenic spots have insufficient understanding of safety management, few safety management professionals and low management level, which leads to imperfect management mechanisms such as early warning system and response plan; However, the government does not pay enough attention to the safety management of scenic spots, and its supervision is weak, especially in many private scenic spots, with unclear powers and responsibilities.

6. Sudden natural disasters

The increasing global climate change has directly caused natural disasters such as ice and snow, floods, mudslides, landslides, earthquakes and tsunamis, which pose a serious threat to the safety management of scenic spots. However, at present, many scenic spots are very weak in their ability to cope with these natural disasters. In recent years, the Indonesian tsunami and Wenchuan earthquake have brought disastrous damage to local tourist attractions.

Discussion on safety management strategy of scenic spots

1. Enhance tourism safety awareness

First of all, improve the safety awareness of employees in tourist attractions, especially leading cadres and managers, so that they can fully realize the importance of tourism safety to tourism; Secondly, through the active publicity of travel agencies, scenic websites and scenic staff, the safety awareness of tourists is improved. Thirdly, tourists are encouraged to have sufficient self-protection preparations and self-help and help-seeking arrangements before going out, that is, whether the tourists' physique and adaptability are suitable for various tourism activities in the scenic spot, so as to enhance tourists' awareness of tourism safety in the scenic spot.

2. Establish and improve the safety management mechanism of scenic spots.

On the one hand, the safety management of scenic spots should take the government as the core, strictly implement the leadership responsibility system, adhere to the concept of safety development, and implement the main responsibility of safety. The government should formulate the safety management mechanism of scenic spots from policies and regulations, legally stipulate its responsibilities and obligations, invite experts to evaluate the safety of tourist attractions, predict possible safety problems, and take corresponding measures to minimize losses. On the other hand, scenic spot management departments and tourism professionals should establish a scenic spot safety guarantee mechanism, put the responsibility of scenic spot safety into practice, actively organize scenic spot managers to participate in relevant training, and strengthen the capacity building of scenic spot safety guarantee.

3. Strengthen cooperation among government departments.

Tourism safety management department involves many government functional institutions, such as tourism, industry and commerce, transportation, forestry, environmental protection, safety supervision, water conservancy and many other departments. Scenic spot managers should take the initiative to strengthen contact with these relevant departments and sign a rescue agreement for scenic spot safety accidents. When there is a safety accident in the scenic spot, all departments can provide timely assistance to minimize the loss of the scenic spot.

4. Strengthen the construction and management of tourism safety protection facilities.

First of all, scientifically design and reasonably organize scenic spots, and clearly indicate which sections may have specific safety hazards on the map of scenic spots, so that tourists can take preventive measures in advance. For example, some scenic spots in some mountainous areas can not operate normally in rainy and snowy weather, so it is necessary to inform tourists in advance and refund the fees appropriately. Secondly, strengthen the construction and maintenance of safety protection facilities in tourist attractions. Warning signs placed in the scenic spot should be given safety tips in English, Japanese, Korean and other languages to remind foreign tourists who travel by themselves, and increase the emergency telephone number of the scenic spot. Third, strictly monitor the number of tourists in scenic spots. When the tourist reception facilities in scenic spots reach the threshold, they must stop receiving tourists and start the preliminary safety accident plan in time according to the situation.

5. Strengthen the construction of safety management early warning system in scenic spots.

The construction of scenic spot safety early warning system has the following main means:

First, timely release scenic spot safety information through various media, such as issuing safety tips, travel preparation, avoidance methods, self-help methods, etc. on scenic spot websites and important service nodes within the scenic spot, and timely inform the person in charge of the tourism team of safety tips by phone or SMS.

Second, mark the danger on the scenic spot website, scenic spot tickets and scenic spot leaflets to remind the code of conduct. Thirdly, distributing safety written materials and establishing safety files in the form of scenic mascots requires personnel to attach great importance to safety issues and highlight key points. Fourth, set up warning signs at hidden dangers of scenic spots, check the situation of warning signs at any time, and promptly and conspicuously remind tourists.

6. Establish a scenic spot safety emergency rescue system.

First, for possible safety accidents in high-risk areas within the scenic spot, it is necessary to scientifically formulate scientific and reasonable emergency plans and evacuation and refuge countermeasures.

Secondly, simple and effective life-saving protection facilities should be set up in these areas, and tourism management security personnel should be organized to conduct rescue drills regularly, be familiar with rescue procedures, and master relevant technical specifications and skills, so as to provide timely and effective rescue for tourists in case of accidents.

Thirdly, the necessary safety knowledge and rescue skills training in scenic spots should be held regularly to enhance the safety awareness of tourists and tourism professionals, and enhance the ability of tourists to save themselves and rescue in scenic spots.

7. Create a good tourism environment

First, tourist attractions should strictly abide by the planning of scenic spots, reasonably set up the capacity of scenic spots, establish a system for protecting the ecological environment and tourism resources, prevent the management mode of neglecting resource protection, and allocate a fixed proportion of the income from scenic spots for the protection of tourism resources and ecological environment.

The second is to cooperate with the industrial and commercial bureau and other government departments to strengthen the standardized and unified management of tourism enterprises operating inside and outside the scenic spot and create a good business and consumption environment in the scenic spot.

Third, formulate security patrol measures, arrange security guards to regulate the security of scenic spots, especially patrol scenic spots at night, to avoid major theft, arson, murder, poisoning, explosion, riots, deceiving tourists, forced sales and other illegal acts, and maintain the security order of scenic spots.