Where is the tomb of Qin Shihuang?

The Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin is located at the northern foot of Lishan Mountain, 30 kilometers east of Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province (the other two information are: The Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin is located in Xiahe Village, 5 kilometers east of Lintong. The Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin is located in Xi'an City Lintong District, 35 kilometers to the east, is located in the Lintong District. It is surrounded by the lush mountains and forests of Lishan Mountain to the south and the Wei River, which winds and twists like a silver snake lying across the river to the north. The tall tomb is surrounded by towering peaks and is integrated with Lishan Mountain. It has beautiful scenery and unique environment.

Qin Shihuang is an outstanding politician in Chinese history. His surname is Yuan Mingzheng. He is the son of King Zhuangxiang of Qin. He was born in Handan, Kyoto, Zhao State in 259 BC. He was established as King of Qin at the age of 13 in 246 BC. He was crowned and took charge at the age of 22. In the 15 years from 236 BC to 221 BC, the Qin State successively destroyed the six vassal states of Han, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan, and Qi, completely ending the history of the Warring States Period. In the blood and fire, , established the Qin Dynasty, the first unified, multi-ethnic, centralized feudal dynasty in Chinese history. "The Emperor of Qin swept across Liuhe, how majestic the tiger was; he wielded his sword to cut through the floating clouds, and all the princes came to the west." Qin Shihuang, this all-powerful monarch, not only left great achievements for future generations, but also left behind this mysterious and unpredictable place. of royal cemeteries.

According to historical records, Qin Shihuang began to build the cemetery the year after he won the throne. It was completed in 208 BC and took 39 years. (Two other pieces of information: 1. He reigned for 37 years, and the construction of his mausoleum took 36 years; 2. The construction of Qin Shihuang's mausoleum started after Qin Shihuang ascended the throne, and it lasted 38 years). Prime Minister Li Si at that time was the designer of the mausoleum, and the construction was supervised by General Zhang Han. The Communist Party recruited 720,000 people, and the maximum number of people used to build the tomb was nearly 800,000, which is almost eight times the number of people who built the Pyramid of Khufu.

The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang is the first emperor’s cemetery in Chinese history. Its huge scale and abundant burial objects rank first among the imperial mausoleums of all dynasties, and it is the largest emperor's mausoleum. In accordance with the principle that Qin Shihuang would continue to enjoy glory and wealth after his death, the cemetery was built after the layout of Xianyang, the capital of the Qin Dynasty. It is generally in the shape of a zigzag. There are two layers of inner and outer city walls built around the mausoleum. The inner city wall of the cemetery has a circumference of 3870 meters, and the outer city wall has a circumference of 6210 meters. The large-scale ground-level buildings that have been discovered in the mausoleum area include the dormitory hall, the banquet hall, the garden temple officials' residences and other ruins. According to historical records, Qin Shihuang’s mausoleum is divided into two parts: the cemetery area and the burial area. The cemetery covers an area of ??nearly 8 square kilometers, with an outer building and an inner city. The enclosure is in the shape of a square cone. The seal of Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum forms a three-level staircase, shaped like an overturned bucket, with an approximately square bottom, with a bottom area of ??about 250,000 square meters and a height of 115 meters. However, due to more than two thousand years of wind and rain erosion and man-made destruction, the area at the bottom of the seal is now reduced. It is about 120,000 square meters and has a height of 87 meters (another information: the initial height of the cemetery was 120 meters, "as tall as a mountain", but later it was reduced by more than 40 meters due to weathering erosion and man-made destruction). The total area of ??the entire mausoleum is 56.25 square kilometers. Building materials are shipped from Hubei, Sichuan and other places. In order to prevent the river from washing the tomb, Qin Shihuang also ordered that the north-south water flow be changed to east-west direction.

There is a mound in the south of the cemetery, 43 meters high. There are two rammed earth walls inside and outside. The inner city has a circumference of 3890 meters and the outer city has a circumference of 6249 meters, symbolizing the imperial city and palace city respectively. Between the inner city and the outer city, archaeologists discovered pits for horse burials, pottery figurines, and rare birds and animals, as well as human sacrifice pits, stable pits, prison pits, and tombs for those who repaired the tomb outside the mausoleum. More than 400 tombs have been discovered.

The tomb of Qin Shi Huang’s Mausoleum is 55.05 meters high and 2,000 meters in circumference. After investigation, it was found that the entire cemetery covers an area of ??220,000 square meters and contains large-scale palaces and pavilions. The shape of the mausoleum is divided into two parts: inner and outer. The inner city is a square with a circumference of 2525.4 meters, and the outer city has a circumference of 6264 meters. The scale of Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum is far beyond that of the Egyptian pyramids.

The Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang is the first royal cemetery in China. Among the nearly 100 imperial tombs in China, it is famous for its large scale and rich burials. In 1956, the Shaanxi Provincial People's Government announced it as a provincial key cultural relics protection unit. In 1961, it was announced as the first batch of key cultural relics protection units by the State Council of the People's Republic of China. In 1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization designated the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huangdi as the first batch of key cultural relics protection units. It is included in the world cultural heritage protection catalog and has become the common wealth of all mankind. In 2002, the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang was awarded the national AAAA level tourist attraction.

The pyramids of ancient Egypt are the largest above-ground royal tombs in the world, and the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang in China is the largest underground imperial mausoleum in the world.

The Qin Dynasty is a glorious page in Chinese history, and the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang embodies the highest achievements of Qin Dynasty civilization. Qin Shihuang took all his glory and wealth underground. The underground palace of Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum is the core part of the mausoleum building and is located under the mound of earth. "Historical Records" records: "Three springs were passed through, and copper was lowered into the coffin. The palace was visited by hundreds of officials, and strange utensils were moved and hidden. The mercury was used to infuse hundreds of rivers, rivers and seas, and the mechanism was instilled. The upper part was astronomy, the lower part was geography, and the The mermaid's ointment is a candle, which will last for a long time. "The archaeological discovery of the underground palace covers an area of ??about 180,000 square meters, and the depth of the center point is about 30 meters. The cemetery is centered on the mound of earth, surrounded by numerous burials. It is rich in content and unprecedented in scale. In addition to the famous burial pits of terracotta warriors and horses, and the bronze chariot and horse pits, large-scale stone armor pits, opera figurine pits, and civil official figurines were newly discovered. There are more than 600 pits and accompanying tombs, and more than 100,000 cultural relics have been unearthed during the archaeological work of the Qin Mausoleum over the past few decades.

There are many cultural relic exhibition booths set up in the cemetery, displaying some of the cultural relics unearthed from the Qin Mausoleum in the past 20 years; a waterway exhibition area is arranged to reproduce the scientific and thorough drainage facilities in the cemetery at that time; I believe that with the progress of archaeological work, there will definitely be Bigger unexpected discoveries.

Between the dignified green and the tall tomb, in order to allow visitors to experience the honor and majesty of the king immersively, the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang staged a large-scale "reappearance of the guard of honor——" The "Changing of the Guard Ceremony" performance of Qin Shi Huang's mausoleum guarding troops and the sand table model display of Qin Shi Huang's mausoleum area, cemetery and underground palace integrating "sound, light and electricity" reproduce the spectacular scene of the mysterious cemetery more than 2,000 years ago, and display dozens of The archaeological results in recent years have vividly and intuitively revealed the secrets of the Qin Mausoleum and demonstrated its rich connotations.

The Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang is the first imperial cemetery in Chinese history. It is the crystallization of the diligence and ingenuity of our working people. It is a treasure house of history and culture. It is famous for its large scale and rich burials among all feudal imperial mausoleums. In the world.

According to "Historical Records: The Chronicles of Qin Shihuang", the tomb was dug down to the underground spring, the base was reinforced with copper, and the coffin was placed on top... The tomb was filled with rare treasures. The key points in the tomb are equipped with crossbows with sharp arrows. Anyone who robs the tomb will be shot to death if they get close. The tomb is also filled with mercury, symbolizing rivers, lakes and seas; the top of the tomb is inlaid with luminous pearls, symbolizing the sun, moon and stars; fish oil is used to burn lamps in the tomb to ensure eternal light...

Qin Shihuang Mausoleum*** 10 city gates were found, and the north and south gates were on the same central axis as the south gate of the inner wall. The north side of the tomb is the central part of the cemetery. There are tomb passages on the east, west and north sides leading to the tomb chamber. There are also the remains of four buildings juxtaposed on the east and west sides. Some experts believe that they are part of the dormitory building. The Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang embodies the etiquette system of "death as life". It is large in scale, majestic and has a unique structure.

The center of the mausoleum is where the coffin of Qin Shi Huang is placed. There are more than 400 burial pits and tombs around the mausoleum, covering an area of ??56.25 square kilometers. The main burial pits include the copper chariot pit, the horse pit, the pit of rare birds and animals, the stable pit, and the pit of terracotta warriors and horses. Over the years, more than 50,000 important historical relics have been unearthed. A group of two large painted bronze chariots and horses - Gaoche and Anche - were unearthed in 1980. They are the largest, most gorgeously decorated, most realistic and complete ancient bronze chariots and horses found in China so far. Known as the "Crown of Bronze".

The Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit is the burial pit of Qin Shi Huang’s Mausoleum, located 1,500 meters east of the cemetery. It was discovered by local farmers digging wells in the spring of 1974. As a result, treasures that had been buried underground for more than two thousand years were revealed and were hailed as the "Eighth Wonder of the World." It provides very precious physical data for the study of the military, politics, economy, culture, science and technology of the Qin Dynasty, and has become a valuable asset of human culture in the world. Three pits of terracotta warriors and horses have been excavated. The pits sit from west to east and are arranged in the shape of "pin". There are more than 8,000 pottery figurines and horses in the pits, as well as more than 40,000 bronze weapons.

The ceramic art works in the pit are imitations of Qin Su Weijun. Nearly 10,000 ceramic guards holding bows, arrows, and crossbows, or holding bronze swords, spears, and halberds, carrying crossbows to advance, or driving chariots and horses, formed four arms: infantry, crossbow, chariot, and cavalry. All guards in underground tunnels are placed facing east. According to drilling, it is known that there are three funerary pits in ***, of which the No. 1 pit discovered in 1974 is the largest. It is 230 meters long from east to west, 62 meters wide from north to south, and about 5 meters deep. A long corridor and 11 passage holes make up the entire pit. More than 6,000 warrior figurines, the same size as real-life horses, arranged in a square formation, and pottery horses pulling chariots were placed in the pit. About 20 meters northeast of Pit No. 1 is Pit No. 2, which was discovered in the spring of 1976. It is another spectacular military formation. Pit No. 2, which is 84 meters wide from north to south and 96 meters long from east to west, covers an area of ??9,216 square meters and has a construction area of ??17,016 square meters. There is a combined lineup of multiple arms in Pit No. 2, including infantry, chariots, cavalry and crossbowmen. To the west of Pit No. 2 is Pit No. 3, which was only opened to tourists on October 1, 1989. Pit No. 3, which is 24.5 meters wide from north to south and 28.8 meters long from east to west, covers an area of ??more than 500 square meters. According to the inference of relevant experts, Pit No. 3 is considered to be the military curtain used to command Pit No. 1 and Pit No. 2. A chariot, 68 guard figurines and weapons are all kept in the pit.

Since 1974, three pits of terracotta warriors and horses have been discovered 1.5 kilometers east of the cemetery. The finished products are arranged in a zigzag shape, covering an area of ??more than 20,000 square meters. 8,000 pottery figurines and hundreds of chariots have been unearthed. and tens of thousands of physical weapons and other cultural relics. Pit No. 1 is the "Right Army" and contains about 6,000 pottery figurines and horses as big as real horses. Pit No. 2 is the "Left Army" and contains more than 1,300 pottery figurines and horses, as well as chariots. 89 vehicles. It is a mixed formation composed of infantry, cavalry, and chariots. It is also the essence of the Qin Terracotta Warriors Pit. Pit No. 3 has 68 warrior figurines, 1 chariot, and 4 pottery horses. The headquarters that commands the underground army. This military formation is the epitome of the Qin army's organization. In 1980, a large bronze chariot and two horses were unearthed on the west side of the cemetery. Arousing shock and attention from all over the world, these pottery figurines and horses organized according to the military formations at that time provided vivid physical data for the study of the Qin Dynasty's military organization, combat methods, and cavalry and infantry equipment. The discovery of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses has been hailed as "the eighth wonder of the world" and "one of the great discoveries in the archaeological history of the twentieth century." The realistic techniques of Qin Terracotta Warriors have attracted worldwide attention as an art that connects the past and the future in the history of Chinese sculpture.

The Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum of Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum has been established in pits 1, 2 and 3 and is open to the public.

The Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang is one of the largest, most unique and richest imperial tombs in the world. The Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum are valuable treasures of the world's human culture, comparable to the Egyptian pyramids and ancient Greek sculptures, and their discovery itself is China's most spectacular archaeological achievement in the 20th century. They fully demonstrate the ingenious artistic talents of the Chinese people more than 2,000 years ago and are the pride and precious wealth of the Chinese nation. French President Chirac praised it as the "eighth wonder of the world", making the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang known to more people. The crown of world cultural heritage adds even more luster to the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang.