Theory of Psychological Characteristics of Psychocentric and Others-centered Tourists

The theory of psychological characteristics of psychocentric and other-centered tourists was put forward by allport.

The main contents are:

Personality and Tourism Behavior

Section 1 General concept of personality

Section 2 Personality Theory

Section 3: Individual Characteristics and Tourism Behavior of Tourists

Section 1 General concept of personality

& ampS226 There is a short story: an old professor trained three successful students in the past. One is successful in officialdom, one is successful in business, and the other is immersed in learning. Now he has worked hard and become an academic star. So someone asked the old professor: who do you think will be more promising among the three?

& ampS226 The old professor said: I can't see it yet. The contest of life has three levels, the lowest level is the contest of skills, followed by the contest of wisdom. They are all at this level now, and the highest level is the contest of personality.

First, what is personality?

1, the origin of the word personality

Personality originated from the ancient Greek word persona, which originally meant hope.

A mask worn by actors in a wax figure play. Different roles,

Actors wear different masks.

Psychology quotes it to show that on the big stage of life.

Everyone plays different roles and shows corresponding behaviors.

2. What is personality?

Eysenck (1955): "Personality is an individual's personality, temperament, intelligence and

A relatively stable and lasting tissue is determined by heredity and environment.

The sum of actual and potential behavior patterns, which determines the individual.

The uniqueness of adapting to the environment. "

Allport (196 1): "Personality is determined by a person's internal characteristics.

Dynamic organization of psychosomatic system of behavior and thought. "

Cartel (1965): "Personality is a tendency, which can be used to predict one.

The behavior of an individual in a given situation is explicit and implicit to the individual.

People's behavior. "

Behavioral psychology: "Personality is not an internal thing, but

It is an external observation mode of a person's organized typical behavior. "

Peking University Chen Chonggeng: "Personality is an individual's inherent behavioral tendency.

It is a kind of physical and mental organization that gives people characteristics in the process of socialization.

Gao Yuxiang of Beijing Normal University: "Personality is related to people's psychological tendency and psychological process.

Comprehensive characteristics of psychological state, individual psychological characteristics and psychological structure. "

Here, our definition of personality is: on the basis of innate quality,

In a certain social environment, through certain social practice activities, formed.

The synthesis of psychological characteristics of relative stability and development.

The formation of personality is mainly influenced by four factors, namely heredity,

Environment, maturity, learning.

V heredity: among intelligence, temperament and other factors, heredity plays a more important role;

V environment: such as social and historical conditions, culture, school, family and other reasons.

Sue. These factors affect the content, direction and level of personality development.

Influence, but also let the potential provided by heredity become a reality.

Five Maturities: People's psychological development is restricted by individual maturity, which is different.

The maturity of personality corresponds to each stage of personality development.

V. Learning: People can actively choose and obtain information from the environment, which will bring about changes in their own behavior.

3. Personality characteristics

(1) uniqueness

(2) Stability

(3) integration

(4) Complexity

(5) Function

Second, personality structure.

Temperament and character

1, temperament

(1) Definition:

It is manifested in the intensity, speed, flexibility and directionality of psychological activities.

A stable psychological feature of the aspect is the so-called "disposition" in daily life.

Temperament is innate.

Temperament is neither good nor bad, and it has no social moral evaluation significance.

Temperament can't determine a person's achievement.

(2) temperament theory

(1) body fluid theory

Empedocles, an ancient Greek doctor,

About 483 BC (423 BC) "Four Roots Theory".

The temperament theory of Hippocrates, a famous ancient Greek doctor.

According to which body fluids are dominant in the human body, temperament is divided into

Four basic types: sanguine, choleric, mucinous and

Depression.