What national costumes have been influenced by Tibetan clothes?

Ding Zhen's outburst made me very excited as a lover of traditional clothes. I suddenly realized that besides Hanfu, the traditional costumes of other ethnic minorities are also beautiful, which has been ignored by us until Ding Zhen appeared this time, and he brought Tibetan clothes into our field of vision. At first, I paid attention to Ding Zhen because I thought he looked good in Tibetan clothes. I began to learn about Tibetan clothes slowly. Now, I will share what I have learned with you. Traditional clothes are really beautiful.

The regional differences of Tibetan costumes are very large, and the costumes of each county may be different, so it is impossible to sum up the Tibetan costumes. In addition, the information of Tibetan clothes is really hard to find. In this issue, I can only take you to know some general and basic things, and get familiar with Tibetan clothes, so it is just an introduction.

This article will introduce Tibetan costumes from eight aspects: styles, features, wearing methods, dressing levels, accessories, fabrics and patterns.

types of Tibetan clothes

Tibetan areas are widely distributed in China, and there are three major Tibetan areas, namely Weizang (Lhasa and Xigaze in Tibet), Kangba (Qamdo in Tibet, Ganzi in Sichuan, Yushu in Qinghai and Diqing in Yunnan) and Amdo (other areas except Yushu in Qinghai, Gannan in Gansu and Aba in Sichuan). Litang County, Ganzi Prefecture, where Ding Zhen is located, belongs to Kangba Tibetan area, so Tibetans are not only in Tibet.

Because of the different geographical location, climatic conditions and lifestyles in each Tibetan area, in order to adapt to the environment, Tibetans have formed colorful Tibetan costumes adapted to local conditions. The costumes in agricultural areas and pastoral areas have their own characteristics, and some Tibetan areas are also influenced by other ethnic minorities, and Tibetan costumes are also blended with other ethnic costumes. In fact, Ding Zhen's Tibetan clothes can only represent the Tibetan clothes in Litang County.

I. Basic styles and overall features of Tibetan clothes

The common styles of Tibetan clothes are: hats of various colors, long-sleeved gowns with cross collars, short dresses with large collars, sleeveless gowns with large collars, sleeveless vests with double-breasted shoulders, dresses (aprons), long trousers, boots, etc.

The overall characteristics of Tibetan clothes are fat waist, long sleeves and wide, big lapels (standing lapels and crossed lapels, and relatively few lapels), robes, wide edges, colorful and heavy, usually with wide belts and long boots.

Tibetan cross-collared robes are the most common styles of Tibetan clothes, and robes are one-piece clothes that are connected from top to bottom. Tibetan robes are loose and fat, which is convenient to put on and take off during activities, and can keep out the wind and cold, keep warm and practical. The sleeves are very long, and dancing is very advantageous.

Women's Tibetan robes in the late Qing Dynasty

Sleeveless Tibetan robes are usually worn in summer, and most of them are women's clothes. Sleeveless Tibetan robes are more convenient for daily activities, and there are two styles: cross-neck and oblique-breasted.

a short coat with a stand-up collar and a big belly is usually worn as an inner lap, with shorter sleeves and shorter length, and relatively simple color.

Bangdian is an apron of Tibetans, which is decorated by women, and most of them are worn by married women. Bangdian is an apron woven with multicolored colors, usually with a striped pattern of indirect colors, which can be large or small, long or short.

Bangdian

Tibetan women wearing Bangdian

Tibetan clothes have wide edges, especially Tibetan robes. The edges are not only wide, but also numerous. The materials of the edges can be animal fur, brocade or embroidery patterns, and the colors are bright. The edge patterns are also colorful striped patterns and traditional Tibetan patterns. When reading the materials, I found an interesting detail. In some areas, there is a small triangular edge at the hem of Tibetan clothes, which is usually a moire pattern.

men's Tibetan robes in the late Qing dynasty

details of fringing

Second, the level of dressing

Women: a short coat with a stand-up collar-sleeveless waistcoat (which can be worn or not)-a collared robe-apron-a belt-a double-breasted waistcoat (which will be worn in some areas)-a shawl (which will be worn in some areas) <

men: short coat with stand-up collar-trousers-lapel gown-double-breasted waistcoat (can be worn or not)-Tibetan boots

Men wear them

Third, the unique way of dressing

Tibetans also live in plateau areas with large climate difference, and their dressing methods are very unique. The most common way to wear it is to wear only one sleeve on the outer collar gown, and the other sleeve is hung down or pinned to the waist, revealing the right arm. This is because of the large temperature difference. When it is cold, put on two sleeves, when it is hot, take off one sleeve, and when it is hotter, tie the sleeves around your waist. Moreover, it is more convenient to move with bare arms.

Take off the sleeves and tie them around the waist. Because the waist design is very wide, you need to tie the clothes with a belt when you wear them, but you don't have to tie them casually, but you need to arrange them flat and wrinkle-free, which is beautiful. The outer Tibetan robe has no buttons and no pockets. After the belt is fastened, there will be a relatively large space on the chest, which can be used to put things, and sometimes pockets are hidden inside. Men wearing Tibetan robes will have a lower waistline, basically in the crotch, which makes them look burly, and women's waistline will be higher than men's. When men wear robes, they usually lift them above their knees, which is more convenient for activities and looks flexible and burly, while women are above their feet and look graceful and tall.

Tie the Tibetan robe around the waist

Fourth, the clothing fabric

Tibetan clothing is mostly wool, animal fur, brocade, silk and cotton cloth. Due to climatic reasons, Tibetan clothing fabrics have a sense of heaviness and swelling.

Tibetan characteristic fabrics, which are woven from wool, can be made into Tibetan robes or blankets. Generally, they are hand-made by Tibetans themselves. The characteristics of the fabrics are thick and wind-resistant, which can resist the cold in the plateau. They are commonly used fabrics for Tibetan robes. In winter, in order to keep out the cold, the Tibetan robe will be covered with thick lamb hair, which is very warm. But now it seems that there are fewer and fewer clothes made of pure lamb hair, which are basically seen in museums. Now many Tibetan robes on the market are artificial hair.

In summer, when it is a little hot, you will wear thin cotton clothes and robes, and the summer temperature in plateau area is not particularly high.

V. Accessories for Tibetan clothes

Tibetans are a people who like to wear accessories very much. Their accessories are gorgeous, complicated and precious. Because they are nomadic people, they often need to move. They will make their property into gold and silver ornaments and like to wear all the precious things at home. Many precious ornaments have been handed down from generation to generation. Not all Tibetans are local tyrants, but they like to wear wealth on their bodies, and sometimes they carry wealth accumulated by generations.

Tibetans like to use precious materials such as natural turquoise, beeswax, red coral, white jade, gold and silver as accessories, and the shapes of these materials are naturally formed and can be used as accessories without polishing. These accessories are often very bright in color, thick and colorful in texture.

Tibetan people like to decorate their heads, chests and waists. There are often many accessories in these parts. Sometimes there are big beeswax beads on their heads, and women like to wear bazhu made of coral agate.

On the chest is the "Gawu" inlaid with precious stones and exquisitely carved patterns, which is a profound auspicious implication. Gawu is a box carved with a Buddha statue and shaped like a niche. It is said that it can ward off evil spirits, and the Buddha statue hanging on the chest is equivalent to an amulet.

Gawu

There are thick silver or gold belts around her waist (some belts are really big), which are big and wide, and can be used to hang some daily necessities, which is both practical and decorative, because Tibetan clothes have no pockets. Sometimes I wear two or three belts, especially women's belts, which are decorated with carved silver plates and decorated with many silver bubbles, which are heavy but rich.

Look at this belt.

However, we don't wear it in such a grand way in our daily life. We may wear an earring, necklace, ring and bracelet in our daily life. Generally, we only dress like that on festivals.

rings

earrings

In addition, Tibetan men also wear earrings, and women wear them on both sides. Men like to make earrings with turquoise, while women's earrings are much more gorgeous, both precious stones and gold and silver.

I heard that this eardrop is popular all over the network

VI. Color of Tibetan clothes

The Tibetan people are very good at color matching, and their clothes are rich and colorful, with strong contrast and coordination. The colors are complicated but not confusing, and there is a unique beauty. I always feel that they have their own set of color matching secrets, and they are also an innate skill. No matter how they wear them, they are always beautiful. Just like their aprons, they seem colorful at first glance, but they have rules to follow and are very thoughtful at second glance.

multicolored bandian apron

A favorite set of matching, it looks good when worn casually, and orange scarf with orange-lined coat is absolutely wonderful

Tibetans like five colors, white, blue, red, yellow and green, which have been widely used in clothing. In different areas, the main color of clothing is different. In some areas, black is the main color, and in some areas, white is the main color. At different stages of life, clothes are different in color, bright in youth and simple and bleak in old age.

colorful Tibetan clothes

VII. Patterns of Tibetan clothes

Tibetan clothes are greatly influenced by religious beliefs. Patterns on clothes often bear traces of folk beliefs, such as the auspicious Wan Ziwen, which is widely used.

Wan Ziwen

There are also flower patterns and geometric patterns. The Tibetan flower patterns are quite different from those in the traditional costumes of the Han nationality, and the Tibetan flower patterns are more rugged and gorgeous, with larger patterns and pay attention to structural symmetry and balance.

There are also more common patterns of halftone stripes, like to decorate the fringe, cuffs, neckline, hem and other positions, as well as women's Bangdian aprons. These patterns are woven and embroidered, with strong national characteristics.

the edge of the striped pattern

VIII. Daily life and Tibetan clothes

Daily clothes and holiday clothes

Tibetan daily clothes and holiday clothes should be distinguished. No one really lives with accessories weighing tens of kilograms every day, usually for holidays or weddings, only a few times a year. The dress for daily life is actually very simple.

women's costumes in Litang county

In the eyes of Tibetan young people, wearing Tibetan clothes means celebrating the holidays. Nowadays, Tibetan young people also wear fashion in their daily lives, and sometimes mix and match, just like Ding Zhen and his brothers, they are basically a combination of Tibetan robes, jeans and modern leather boots, without any sense of disobedience, and they are still very fashionable.

Tibetan robe with jeans and leather boots

Shorts with jeans and boots

Tibetan clothes are actually being improved by some people, such as shortening sleeves, making Tibetan robes more slim, or making Tibetan clothes with fashion fabrics, or simplifying decoration, etc. It is more convenient to improve Tibetan clothes, but we still have to remember the traditional appearance.

Finally, I want to say that Ding is really a window for us to learn about Tibetan culture, an opportunity for me to learn about Tibetan costumes, and an opportunity for me to learn about ethnic costumes. I will learn more about national costumes in the future. If you are interested, I will share my learning results with you.

this article is my original

traditional costume

Tibetan costume

Ding Zhen

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