Overview of Kaili, Guizhou

Kaili City is located in eastern Guizhou and is the capital of Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture. It is 51.7 kilometers long from east to west and 44.3 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of ??1,306 square kilometers.

There are Miao, Han, Dong and other ethnic groups in the city.

It is an emerging industrial city focusing on electronics, textiles, and building materials. It is now a national Category B open area.

Administrative division Kaili City has 5 streets, 8 towns, and 2 townships: Chengxi Street, Dashizi Street, Ximen Street, Ximahe Street, Wanxi Street, Sankeshu Town, Zhou Xi Town, Yatang Town, Panghai Town, Wanshui Town, Lushan Town, Wanchao Town, Longchang Town, Kaitang Township and Dafengdong Township.

Historical evolution: Kaili County was established in the Yuan Dynasty, Qingping County was established in the Ming Dynasty, changed to Lushan County in 1913, and Kaili County was established in 1958. It was named after the county government was located in Kaili Town.

The city was established in 1983.

In 2000, Kaili City governed 5 streets, 8 towns, and 2 townships.

According to the fifth census data: the city’s total population is 433,236, including the population of each township (person): Chengxi Street 27819 Dazi Street 58116 Ximen Street 28997 Ximahe Street 48641 Wanxi Street 19104 Sanke Shu Town 48815 Zhouxi Town 23093 Yatang Town 16840 Panghai Town 25150 Wanshui Town 21160 Lushan Town 28214 Wanchao Town 14656 Longchang Town 23083 Kaitang Township 17393 Dafengdong Township 32155 In 2003, Kaili City had 8 towns. , 2 townships, 5 street offices, 65 village committees, and 201 neighborhood committees.

The total population at the end of the year was 454,500, including 340,900 ethnic minorities and 164,600 non-agricultural population.

Climate characteristics Kaili City is located in the large step-like slope area on the east side of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. The northwest, southwest and southeast are higher, and the central and northeast are lower. The highest altitude is 1,447 meters, and the lowest altitude is 1,447 meters. It is located at an altitude of 529 meters.

It has a humid monsoon climate in the middle zone, with an average annual temperature of 16.1°C, a maximum temperature of 37°C, and a minimum temperature of minus 4-7°C. The average annual sunshine is 1289 hours, the average annual precipitation is 1243 mm, and the frost-free period is 282 hours. sky.

Ethnic population Kaili City is inhabited by Miao, Han, Dong, Mulao, She, Buyi, Shui, Yi, Zhuang, Yao, Manchu, Hui, Mongolian, Jingpo, Wa, Li, Dongxiang and Naxi , Gelao, Jing, Korean, Tujia, Bai, Dai, Tibetan, Lahu, ***er and other ethnic groups as well as certain ethnic groups such as Gejia and Xijia.

Among these ethnic groups, the Mulao, Miao, Han, She, Gejia and Xijia peoples are the long-standing ethnic groups.

The ethnic minority population is 339,400, accounting for 75.78% of the city’s total population, of which the Miao population is 283,500, accounting for 63.3% of the city’s total population.

History and Culture Kaili has a history of 500 years. As early as the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was known as "Little Jingzhou".

For hundreds of years, people of all ethnic groups living in Kaili have used their wisdom and hard work to create a splendid national culture.

The natural resources include 153 large and small rivers such as Qingshui River, Chong'an River, and Bala River, including 13 medium-sized rivers with a length of more than 10 kilometers and a rainwater collection area of ??more than 20 square kilometers, and 35 gullies. .

The total river runoff is 3.989 billion cubic meters, the theoretical water energy resource reserve is 54,000 kilowatts, and 36,000 kilowatts can be developed.

The city has more than 130 kinds of food crops in 9 categories, more than 100 kinds of vegetables in 11 categories, more than 70 kinds of fruits in 6 categories, more than 100 kinds of wild grasses, and more than 10 rare ancient trees. There are hundreds of species of wild animals; there are 428 species of medicinal plants and animals.

Mineral resources mainly include coal, iron, quartz sandstone, oil and natural gas.

Retained reserves: 81.42 million tons of coal mines, 3.61 million tons of iron ore, 460,000 tons of lead-zinc ore, 198 million tons of bauxite, and 3 million tons of barite.

There are mineral deposits for oil and natural gas.

Tourism resources In addition to the ethnic customs and cultural relics that are rich in content, simple in style and unique in style, the main natural scenery includes Xianglu Mountain, Jinquan Lake and a number of caves with unique landscapes.

There are also 136 tourist spots for various ethnic festivals, big and small, making it known as the "Hometown of Hundreds of Festivals".

Since its opening to the outside world in 1985, it has received tourists from more than 20 countries and regions.

Famous and Special Products Kaili City’s local famous and special products can be divided into two categories: agricultural products and industrial products. The main agricultural famous and special products are: Xianglu Mountain Mist Tea, Pingliang Fragrant Rice, Kaili Persimmon Flower, Wanchao Indigo, Longchang silkworm cocoons, Kaili fish in sour soup, Kaili carp (field-raised), Longchang watermelon, Panghai ginger, Lushan grapes, etc., as well as the "Three Spicy" series of products produced by Kaili City Supply and Marketing Cooperative Sanla Cooperative.

The main industrial specialty products include: Zhouxi reed pipe, Kaili balsamic vinegar, Kaitang silver jewelry, Wanshui sickle, rice ponytail bamboo hat, Panghai hammering bowl, hanging ding embroidered apron, Longchang leather home Batik, hanging brocade suspenders, Zhouxi Xiu Xiu purse, etc.

The economic income is considerable, which can be used by tourists to come to watch and purchase and investors to come to participate in production and investment, which promotes the economic development of Kaili City.

Diet characteristics: All tastes of life, sour, sweet, bitter, spicy, sour is the master.

Qiandongnan is the hometown of "eating sour food".

Sour food is ubiquitous in family banquets, banquets, red and white weddings in daily life.

Men, women, old and young all have "acidophilic" hobbies.

No wonder the local proverb says, "If you don't eat sour food for three days, you will walk to salvage the car" (which means staggering while walking), which expresses the unique effects and style of the sour food culture in southeastern Guizhou.

"Eat in China" in the world.

In China, there is a saying that the north is salty, the southeast is sweet, and the west is spicy.

Food in a dry climate is salt, food in a hot and humid climate is sweet, and food in a humid climate is spicy.

Hunan, Guizhou and Sichuan all share the same taste for spicy food. There are jokes about "not afraid of spicy food", "afraid of spicy food" and "not afraid of spicy food".

Specifically, Guizhou is hot and sour, Sichuan is spicy, and Hunan is fried spicy.

Southeast Guizhou is different from other areas of Guizhou in that the first word "sour" is emphasized and highlighted, while other areas emphasize and highlight the first word "spicy".

As the saying goes, "Except for oil and salt, there is no expensive taste." Historically, southeastern Guizhou was severely lacking in salt, so it had to be seasoned with sour and spicy foods. This shows that the custom of sour food is not accidental. It is a result of geographical environment, It is the product of a combination of factors such as climatic conditions, physical resources and human physiological needs.

The climate in the central region of eastern Guizhou is humid and smoky, and diseases such as diarrhea and dysentery are prevalent. Acidophilia can not only increase appetite, but also help digestion and stop diarrhea.

Therefore, every household lacks a few sour jars: sour water jar, vinegar water jar, amlai jar, pickled fish jar, pickled meat jar, and there is also a spread of March pickles. There are common sayings about the pickling season and preservation methods of sour food such as "pickled fish in August, pickled meat in the first month" and "the altar is not empty, the rice is not rotten".

Due to historical and geographical environment reasons, Southeast Guizhou Miao In the long-term production practice and life practice, the Dong people have created their own unique style and production technology of sour food that is different from other regions and other ethnic groups, forming a "sour food culture" with distinctive personality. The production of sour food alone is There are nearly 10 kinds of crafts.

Human longevity does have several contributions to acid: sour food has the medicinal effect of preventing diseases and strengthening the stomach, sour food has the effect of eliminating confusion and refreshing, and sour food has the effect of preserving freshness. Function.

The results of the 4th national census in 1990 showed that the ratio of longevity people to the total population in Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture was higher than that in Guangdong Province, a traditional longevity area, ranking among the highest in the country.

Longevity is multi-factorial, which should include the factor of "eating acid"

In 1988, in Vancouver, Canada, a group of reporters interviewed Li Fapin, the world's senior long-distance running champion from Southeast Guizhou. When asked about the secret to setting the world's senior long-distance running record, Li Fapin replied: "If I can eat sauerkraut from my hometown, I can run faster. "It's an amazing witticism.

In the later part of this century, sour food, a traditional food custom with ethnic characteristics in southeastern Guizhou, has become more and more popular among people.

Sour soup Fish, pickled fish, pickled meat, chicken in sour soup, pig's feet in sour soup, three-in-one sour soup, four-in-one sour soup... Some settled in the capital, some flew to the state banquet, some traveled across the ocean, and more It has been transplanted into hotels and hotels. All Chinese and foreign tourists who come to Guizhou want to eat authentic Kaili fish in sour soup.

The flavor foods of southeastern Guizhou include Dong pickled fish, Zhenyuan dish, and Kaili fish. Fish in sour soup, Xiasi dog meat, fish in Xiasi sour soup, grilled fish with lemongrass, Chong'anjiang fish in sour soup, Dong family camellia, She rice, Congjiang fragrant pig, Sansui shelduck, Rongjiang fragrant sheep, Dong fruit, Dong family Crotch meat, Dong sheep and cattle.

The entertainment custom of "grabbing fireworks" is a traditional sport widely carried out by the Zhuang and Dong people, and is popular in Guizhou, Hunan and Guangxi.

< p> Every year during the Spring Festival or other major festivals, the Dong people in Liping, Congjiang and other places will dress up in festive costumes and compete in firecracker competitions in villages according to traditional customs.

On the competition field, The team members competed with each other, trying to put the fireworks wrapped in red and green cloth into the opponent's flower basket using methods such as passing, screening, feinting, and running.

The fireworks are divided into first cannon, second cannon, and second cannon. Three cannons.

According to the legend of Dong elders, winning the first cannon symbolizes "good luck", winning the second cannon symbolizes "good weather", and winning the third cannon symbolizes "good harvest".

"Firecrackers" is highly confrontational and quick to switch between offense and defense. It requires both personal breakthroughs and overall coordination.

Therefore, it is known as "Oriental Football".