Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Travel guide - Which province does Rugao, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province belong to?

Which province does Rugao, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province belong to?

It belongs to RUGAO City, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province.

Rugao (formerly called JU-KAO) is located in the economically developed Yangtze River Delta Shanghai metropolitan area, bordering the Yellow Sea in the east, the Yangtze River in the south, 15 kilometers from Shanghai in the east and 2 kilometers from Nanjing in the west. With an area of 1,477 square kilometers and a population of 1,452,8, it now governs the main city, 2 towns and a provincial economic development zone. Since the reform and opening up, Rugao's economic construction and social undertakings have made great progress, ranking among the top 1 counties (cities) in China, rural comprehensive strength, science and technology, township industrial star counties (cities), posts and telecommunications, national county economy basic competitiveness and national small and medium-sized cities comprehensive strength.

Rugao's history and culture can be best described by the four "best", namely, the earliest land-forming area in Jianghai Plain, the earliest ancient town in the Yangtze River Delta, the largest county in China during the Republic of China, and one of the earliest coastal counties (cities) in China. Rugao has a long and profound cultural heritage. Lv Dai, a strategist from the Three Kingdoms, Hu Yuan, an educator from the Northern Song Dynasty, Mao Bijiang, a writer in the late Ming Dynasty, and Li Yu, a drama theorist in the early Qing Dynasty, are dazzling constellations in the ancient Rugao starry sky. Rugao has a large number of unique and unique cultural landscapes, such as Dinghui Temple in Sui Dynasty, the north gate, Qushuihuan Temple, and the group buildings holding temples, which are a must for Chinese temples; Dacheng Hall in Ming Dynasty is a rare all-nanmu structure in China. The architectural water painting garden in Qing dynasty is an orphan of Huizhou garden in China and a national cultural relic protection unit. In addition, there are Lingwei Temple, Fabao Temple, Jizhongjing, Jixian Li, Shihetai and many other relics and houses with cultural and historical value, which are rich in tourism cultural resources. During the Qianlong period, Rugao was once the richest county in northern Jiangsu and enjoyed the reputation of "Golden Rugao". The ancient city of Rugao, with the outer circle of the inner and outer cities and the inner circle of the river, is shaped like ancient money. Since ancient times, it has been a place where goods are distributed and merchants gather.

Rupai bonsai, the bonsai capital of flowers and trees in China, is one of the seven schools of bonsai in China, leading the way with Lingnan School, Shanghai School and Yangpai School, and enjoying a good reputation at home and abroad for its unique shape of "a beautiful waist with clouds and rain". Rugao bonsai can be found in important places such as Zhongnanhai, Diaoyutai, Chairman Mao Memorial Hall and some central state organs. Rugao bonsai cultivation of flowers and trees began in Song Dynasty and flourished in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Since 198s, more than 6 bonsai in Rugao have won grand prizes in international and domestic competitions. This year, Rugao won three of the nine gold medals at the 22 World Flower and Horticultural Exposition held in the Netherlands. At present, Rugao is the largest export base of bonsai for flowers and trees in East China, with a planting area of more than 6, mu.

according to the information released by the national authority of the world's longevity and health-preserving land, Rugao is one of the six longevity towns in China. According to the latest statistics, among the 1,452,8 people in Rugao, there are as many as 251 centenarians, ranking first among counties (cities) in China, accounting for 1.73/ 1,, while the main index of the longevity town determined by the United Nations is .75/ 1,, and the standard of the longevity town determined by China is .3/ 1,. In addition, there are more than 4, elderly people over 9 in Rugao. Rugao's average life expectancy is 75.5 years, while the World Health Organization has determined that the average life expectancy over 7 years is a long-lived country, and the average life expectancy in developing countries is only 63 years. The world-famous hometown of longevity is either in the alpine region or in the remote mountainous area. Rugao, which is located in the jianghai plain, is not only the only longevity town in China's coastal areas, but also the longevity town in relatively developed industrial areas. This is unique in the world, and its research value is self-evident, which has attracted extensive attention from domestic and foreign news media and related research institutions.

A hot spot for investment and development in Shanghai metropolitan area, Rugao has become a new hot spot for domestic and foreign merchants to invest because of its unique location advantages and distinctive industrial advantages. If the Shanghai metropolitan area is divided into two with the Yangtze River as the boundary, then the southern half circle, including Jiangsu, Wuxi and Changzhou, has become the industrial center of finance, commerce and information, while the northern half circle is the manufacturing base and agricultural industrialization base that echoes the industrial gradient transfer of the southern half circle. In the process of this strategic shift, Rugao plays an irreplaceable role in inheritance. First, it is due to Rugao's location advantage. Looking south, Jiangyin Yangtze River Bridge and Sutong Yangtze River Bridge, which have been opened to traffic, are like Rugao embracing Shanghai's two arms; Looking to the north of Linjiang, the two bridges meet at Jiuhua Interchange like the extension of the dynamic and static arteries. The opening of Sutong Bridge shortened the journey from Rugao to Shanghai to 9 minutes. Xinchang, Ningqi Railway, Ningtong and Coastal Expressway both pass through Rugao, plus Rugao Port, Rugao Airport and National Highway 24, Rugao traffic can be described as extending in all directions. The second is due to Rugao's industrial advantages. Rugao Economic Development Zone (South Zone) and Rugao Economic Development Zone (North Zone), as provincial economic development zones, have 17.2 kilometers of gold coastline resources, complete functions, flexible policies and unlimited business opportunities. 2 town industrial parks can also provide investors with broad entrepreneurial space. Industrially, electronics, chemicals, medicine, food and machinery are the strong industries in this city. In agriculture, six characteristic bases have been formed, such as bonsai of flowers and trees, high-quality oil rice, fruits and vegetables earning foreign exchange, high-quality pigs, Rugao yellow chickens and high-quality silkworms.

physical geography

Rugao city is located in the northern wing of the Yangtze River Delta, facing Zhangjiagang city across the river. The city covers an area of 1,477 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 66.25 square kilometers and the total cultivated land area is 82,5 hectares.

Rugao is quite flat, with a slight slope from northwest to southeast. The highest altitude is no more than 6 meters, and the lowest is about 2 meters.

Rugao is located in the Yangtze River Delta with dense river network and numerous lakes. The density of river network is as high as 4 kilometers per square kilometer. The open terrain and humid climate have played a certain role in the formation of rivers. However, it is the industrious and brave Rugao people who play the leading role. After long and arduous efforts, they dug and dredged most rivers in the city and formed a dense water network.

The water towns in the city are between the Yangtze River and Huaihe River. It is bounded by the sand bank on the north bank of the Yangtze River, which belongs to the Yangtze River system in the south and the Huaihe River system in the north. Before the 195s, the water system in the territory was disordered, the ditches and rivers were broken, and irrigation and drainage were difficult. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Daxing Water Conservancy strengthened the Yangtze River levee in the area along the Yangtze River, dredged the waterway leading to the river, dug ports and built sluice gates to ensure the smooth drainage of the low plains along the river; In the high sand plain area, combined with leveling the land, digging rivers and building stations, farmland irrigation in this area is guaranteed; In the coastal plain area of northeast China, a set of water conservancy system for flood control, drought and salinity has been formed by digging rivers and washing salt.

under the influence of topography and climate, the rivers in Rugao are smooth, clear, with minimal sediment concentration, and occasionally freeze in winter. Because of the offshore, the main stream is connected with the Yangtze River, supported by the tide, the direction of water flow is uncertain, and it often flows back and forth. The river water quantity is more in summer and less in winter, and there are some regional differences: the water quantity in the low plain along the river and the plain along the river is larger, and the water quantity in the high sand plain is smaller.

Almost all the rivers in Rugao City are artificial rivers, which are divided into four grades. There are four first-class rivers: Jiaogang River, Ruhai Canal, Tongyang Canal and Rutai Canal.

Jiaogang River runs through the central and western Rugao from north to south, and successively flows through eight towns, such as Xiabao, Banjing, Changqing, Jiang 'an, Gaojing, Geshi, Shibei and Zhanghuang, and connects the Tongyang Canal, such as the Thai Canal, Dazhai River, Xisimagang and other east-west rivers, and finally connects with the Yangtze River. It plays a more important role in irrigation and water transportation in Rugao high sand plain area.

Ruhai Canal flows through the vast area in the middle of Rugao, and its drainage area ranks first among all rivers in the city. The river is wide and straight, with good shipping conditions, and is connected with the Tongyang Canal, such as the Thai Canal, the East and West Sima Ports, and is also connected with the Yangtze River. It plays a very important role in shipping and agricultural irrigation in 12 towns such as Yuanqiao, Dengyuan, Hezhuang, Chengxi, Daming, Changbei, Motou, Changzhuang, Chemahu, Guoyuan, Jiuhua and Yingfang.

Tongyang Canal flows through 15 towns and villages successively, including Chaiwan, Daizhuang, Xinmin, Dengyuan, Rucheng, Dongchen, Dingbei, Jianshe, Dingxi, Dingnian, Linzi, Xinyao, Puxi, Baipu and Yong. It is the river that flows through Rugao towns and villages the most. It connects Baigang, Nanling River, Rutai Canal, Dingbao River, East and West Sima Port, etc., and is connected with the Yangtze River and Grand Canal, flowing through the most economically developed area of Rugao, becoming the busiest river in transportation, and also the main irrigation channel in the northeast and east of Rugao.

Rutai Canal flows through the northern part of Rugao, and the length of the river ranks first among the rivers in Rugao. It is the main artery of east-west shipping in Rugao, and can be combined with Lama River, Jiaogang River, Changdian River, such as Haihai Canal, Tongyang Canal and Dingbao River.

The above four first-class rivers and numerous second-,third-and fourth-class rivers form Rugao criss-crossing irrigation and drainage transportation system. Good water conservancy facilities and a complete irrigation and drainage system have resisted serious droughts and floods again and again. In 1991, East China suffered a major flood, but Rugao suffered little loss, which is a good example.

Rugao is located at a low latitude and the sun is high, with an average annual total solar radiation of 12kcal/year cm2. The average temperature in Leng Yue is 1.7℃ in January, 27.4℃ in July, and the annual average temperature is above 14℃. The average annual sunshine hours are 22 hours, and the frost-free period is about 216 days. According to the standard of heat zone division, Rugao belongs to subtropical zone. Because it is close to the sea, it is obviously regulated by the ocean, and the daily temperature range is smaller than that in annual range.

like the eastern part of China, monsoon is the dominant factor affecting climate. The offshore location makes Rugao deeply influenced by the summer monsoon, with abundant water vapor and precipitation, and the annual rainfall is more than 1 mm. Precipitation is mainly concentrated in summer, however, because the strength of summer monsoon forces varies from year to year, the annual variation of precipitation is great.

Rugao is located in the subtropical zone, which is a part of the East Asian monsoon region. Under the influence of solar radiation and monsoon circulation, a subtropical monsoon climate with low temperature in winter and little rainfall, high temperature and rainy in summer and four distinct seasons has been formed.

In Rugao, the cold northerly wind blows dry in winter, with more sunny days and less precipitation, and the precipitation in December to February is only over 14 mm; The temperature is low, and there are several cold waves in winter every year. Strong cold air flows southward, the temperature drops, and serious frost often occurs. At the beginning of the cold wave, sometimes accompanied by a small amount of snowfall, the earth is covered with silver.

the sudden cooling caused by cold wave sometimes causes freezing injury to overwintering crops. However, low temperature can eliminate some pests and diseases. Occasional snowfall reserves water for the greening of overwintering crops and spring sowing, which can be described as "auspicious snow and good harvest". Spring is the season when the winter and summer monsoon change. The cold and warm air currents compete with each other, spinning in and out, sometimes cold and sometimes warm, the temperature rises in waves, and it is sunny and rainy at first, and the weather is changeable. Appropriate rainfall is beneficial to the greening and growth of overwintering crops such as Sanmai and rapeseed, as well as the planting and germination of spring sowing crops.

At the end of spring and the beginning of summer, the winter and summer monsoon entered a state of equal strength, and the meiyu front formed by it lingered in the Jianghuai area where Rugao was located for a long time, resulting in rainy and continuous weather, which is exactly the reason why "every family rains in Huangmei season and frogs are everywhere in the grass pond". Too much rain will affect the harvest of three wheat crops, but moderate precipitation is very beneficial to the early growth of early rice, cotton, corn, soybean, sweet potato and other crops, and it also reserves water for farmland irrigation in summer drought season.

After the rainy season, Rugao is controlled by a single warm and humid airflow, resulting in summer drought. At this time, it is the midsummer season, with clear weather, strong light, high temperature and relatively little precipitation. Adequate light and heat conditions are beneficial to agriculture, while less precipitation often leads to drought. Because of the continuous high temperature, sometimes it causes strong air thermal convection, forming thunderstorm weather. In addition, it is located in the southeast coast, and typhoons often cross the border to form storms, which pose a certain threat to agricultural production, but it can also adjust the heat in midsummer and alleviate the drought in the summer drought season.

In autumn, the summer monsoon weakens, the winter monsoon increases, the atmosphere is relatively stable, and the weather is sunny and sunny, resulting in crisp autumn weather. During this period, there is enough light and heat, which is very beneficial to the maturity and harvesting of autumn crops.

abundant light and heat, abundant precipitation and simultaneous rain and heat are extremely beneficial to Rugao agricultural production. However, due to the instability of summer monsoon, large precipitation variability and the influence of cold wave, typhoon and tornado, agricultural production is threatened by severe weather such as drought, waterlogging and freezing in different degrees.

the origin of place names

the name of Rugao, which is old, is old with wooden slips and bamboo slips. According to the report: "There is Rugao Port fifty paces northwest of the county, and Rugao Village is on the port side. The county is named after it."

Rugao Port and Rugao Village got their name from the following: "Once upon a time, Dr. Jia was evil, but he was beautiful when he married. After three years of silence and laughter, he was rewarded with Rugao, shot pheasants and got it, and his wife began to laugh." : "It is for the sake of Ze, for example, going to the future, and being a wife and a royal car." The touching story of "Doctor Jia shooting pheasants" once attracted scholars such as Pan Yue in the Western Jin Dynasty, Du Fu in the Tang Dynasty and Su Shi in the Northern Song Dynasty to recite poems and write poems for it.

The name "Rugao" means: Go to the highland near the water to see the beautiful sunrise. "Ruru": Wangye, "Gao": the highland by the water.

Rugao is nicknamed Luogao, Luoshui and Donggao. The first two are from the theory of shooting pheasants, and the latter is from the sentence of Jin Panyue's "plowing the east and being fertile".

Historical evolution

Rugao, also known as Luogao and Luoshui. In the summer, it was transferred to Yangzhou, and the surrounding area was Haiyang. In the spring and autumn period, it was the land of Wu Yun, and Wu Wu returned to Vietnam. During the Warring States period, it belonged to Chu and was called Jiuyi Haiyang. In Qin Dynasty, it belonged to Jiujiang County, and in Han Dynasty, it was once a fief for Wu Wang Liu Bi, named Hailing, which was named after the combination of land and sea. In the seventh year of Yixi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 411), the county was officially established. It was abolished in Sui Dynasty and merged into Haining County. During the period of Tang Wude, Ninghai County was renamed Hailing County, and Rugao remained its territory. During the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, it belonged to Taizhou, and Rugao was designated as a lower-middle county in the Song Dynasty, and it was promoted to a superior county in the 21st year of Yuan Dynasty. In the second year of Qing Yongzheng, Tongzhou was promoted to Zhili County, and Rugao was placed under the jurisdiction of Tongzhou.

in p>194, the new fourth army moved eastward, dividing the county territory into two parts along today's Tongyang canal, with Rudong county in the east and Ruxi county in the west. Later, it was occupied by the Japanese army. In September 1945, the New Fourth Army recovered Rugao County. For example, the Xixian County Government was ordered to take over and renamed Rugao County.

On June 1st, 1991, with the approval of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the county was withdrawn to set up a city, which now governs 532 administrative villages (neighborhood committees) in 23 towns, with a population of 1,452,8 and an area of 1,477 square kilometers.

ethnic group

Rugao has a population of 1,445,6 (Rugao Yearbook in 23), with a population of 978 per square kilometer, which is a densely populated area in China and even the world.

Rugao is a famous longevity area in China, and the age structure ratio of the population in the whole city exceeds all the indexes stipulated by the United Nations on aging population and longevity areas: in 22, there were more than 4, elderly people over 8 years old in Rugao; More than 46 people are over 9 years old. The average life expectancy of the city's population is 75.59 years, which is 4.59 years higher than the national average (71 years) and 9.59 years higher than the world average, indicating that Rugao has entered the ranks of longevity areas.

The number of centenarians in Rugao is the highest in similar areas in China. In 22, there were 172 centenarians in Rugao, which has been increasing year by year recently, with 195 in 23 and 29 in 24. In 24, the number of centenarians accounted for 1.44/1, of the total population, far higher than the United Nations standard for longevity areas (.7