What are the customs during the Spring Festival?

There are great cultural differences between north and south, and the customs of the Spring Festival are also different. The Spring Festival customs in the north and south are as follows:

I. The South

1. 1.

1. 1. 1. Eat rice cakes.

Time: 65438+20231October 22nd (the first day of the first month).

Some places in the south pay attention to eating rice cakes during the Spring Festival. The rice cake, also known as "rice cake", is homophonic with "high year by year", which means that people's work and life are improving year by year. As a kind of food, rice cakes have a long history in China. The ancients also had a development process from rice cakes to rice cakes.

Historical Records, a cookbook in the 6th century A.D., recorded the making method of rice cake "White Cocoon Sugar", saying: "Cooked rice, which is hotter than Chu Jiu's, is called cooked rice, so it must be cooked very well, and there can be no rice grains." That is, after the glutinous rice is steamed, it is cooked while it is hot, then cut into peach pit size, dried and fried, and rolled with sugar.

1. 1.2. Eat hot pot.

Time: 65438+10.21(New Year's Eve), 65438+10.22 (the first day of the first month), etc.

Hot pot and fish are usually eaten on New Year's Eve in the south. Hot pot is boiling, steaming, warm and sultry, and thriving.

Many people like to eat hot pot during the Spring Festival. On the one hand, all kinds of delicious meat dishes can be eaten in hot pot. Secondly, eating hot pot in the Spring Festival means thriving and winning a good prize. Many hot pot restaurants specially offer Spring Festival packages during the Spring Festival, and families get together to eat a special hot pot, which is warm and has an atmosphere.

1. 1.3. Eat fish

Time: 65438+10.21(New Year's Eve), 65438+10.22 (the first day of the first month), etc.

The custom of eating fish in the Spring Festival is mainly in many areas south of the Yangtze River. Fish is the last dish at the banquet, and it is basically not eaten when serving. As a mascot, it means "more than one year". In some places, when eating fish on New Year's Eve, we should leave the head and tail until next year (that is, the beginning of the year) to express the wish of "having a head and a tail" in the new year.

There are also exquisite fish: the fish head should show respect to VIPs or elders; The visitor is a scholar, pointing the fish belly at him, boasting that he has ink in his stomach and is full of articles; The visitor is a military commander. He turns his back on him and praises him for his courage and can be a backbone.

There is also the placement of the fish when it is served. Who is the head and the tail of the fish? You can't move after you put it away. People facing the fish head "cut the ribbon" and those facing the fish tail "sponsored"; First, two people drink a glass of wine, then the person with a fish head moves chopsticks to eat fish (so-called "ribbon-cutting"), and then everyone can move chopsticks. The atmosphere is lively and full of joy.

On the first day of Dong's National People's Congress, a few fresh fish were fished out of the fish pond, and a table was fried, fried, roasted and stewed, and the aroma was overflowing. I wish you a happy new year.

Miao people eat spiced fish in the New Year, cut the fish into small pieces, soak them in soy sauce and salt, dry them, and fry them in a pot. Soak it in the soup of white sugar, rice wine and ginger juice while it is hot. After drying, put it in the pot without adding water, and then put white sugar, mustard and fire into the pot to make eyes. The fish will have a burnt taste and produce saliva in the mouth. This fish dish is sweet, salty and fragrant.

1. 1.4. Eat jiaozi.

Time: 65438+20231October 22nd (the first day of the first month).

Yuanxiao is called "Tangyuan" in the south. In Jiangsu, Shanghai and other places, people are used to eating glutinous rice balls on the morning of New Year's Day. Lantern Festival is called "Shangyuan Festival" by Taoism.

According to the story of Yi Tu's real (young girl) ring in Yuan Dynasty, it is recorded in Sanyutie that after the death of the goddess the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon, you fell ill. On the fourteenth day of the first month, a teenager suddenly asked for an audience, claiming to be the messenger of Chang 'e, and said, "Madam knows you are thinking, and there is no way to go down. Tomorrow is the full moon. You should use rice flour as a pill, put it in the northwest of the room, call your wife's name, and you can go down in three nights. "

You obeyed the law, and Chang 'e really came. It can be seen that eating Lantern Festival means "reunion is like the moon".

1.2. Activities

1.2. 1.

Time: 65438+20231October 16 (25th day of the first lunar month).

Generally speaking, since the 25th day of the lunar calendar, every household has started a general cleaning inside and outside the house. Every household should do a great job, take on a new look inside and outside, greet the New Year with the latest look, and the New Year will have a new atmosphere.

In the south, especially in Hainan, Guangdong, during the Spring Festival, people will put oranges at home, which is called "offering oranges" because "oranges" are homophonic with "auspiciousness". So every household will buy pots of oranges or bundles of oranges. There are usually pots of oranges in the living room, and some people will stick the word "Ji" in red paper and black on the pots.

1.2.2. Post Spring Festival couplets.

Time: 65438+20231October 2 1 day (New Year's Eve).

On New Year's Eve, every household takes out the Spring Festival couplets that they have bought for a long time or are interested in, brings their own paper and ink, writes down their own or selected couplets on the spot, and posts them when the ink is dry. The content of Spring Festival couplets is often based on making a fortune and auspicious celebrations.

In addition, people will put up all kinds of New Year pictures, and their homes will be decorated with these Spring Festival couplets and New Year pictures. Of course, the guardian is an indispensable wealth for the people of the country. His original intention is to exorcise evil spirits, suppress evil spirits and keep peace. The goalkeepers who are often invited are generally Qin, Li, Li.

1.2.3. lion dance

Time: 65438+20231October 22nd (the first day of the first month).

During the Spring Festival, lion dancing is also one of the ways people celebrate. Southern lion is popular in Guangdong, so it is also called Guangdong lion. Guangdong lion performances include one person dancing the lion's head, one person dancing the lion's tail, one person wearing a big head Buddha mask as a lion guide, lion dance, solo dance and so on. Lion dancers wear colorful knickerbockers and Tang lantern sleeves or tight vests.

On New Year's Eve, farmers' tanks should be filled with water and rice tanks should be filled with rice. For example, in Hainan and Chaoshan areas, farmers' tanks should be filled with water, rice tanks should be filled with rice, and the lights should not be extinguished, which symbolizes the good omen of "more than one year" and "more than one year".

1.2.4. ancestor worship

Time: 65438+1October 2 1 (New Year's Eve), 65438+1October 22 (the first day of the first month), 65438+1October 23 (the second day of the first month) and 65438 in 2023.

In many areas in the south, before eating New Year's Eve, ancestors should be worshipped first. People will go to the ancestral temple to worship their ancestors first, or at home, light lamps, burn incense and put on rich dishes. Parents who are in charge of the family will take the lead in kneeling down and burning incense to worship their ancestors. We sincerely invite our ancestors to come and enjoy it, and wish the whole family peace and prosperity.

Some places will burn gold foil paper money for ancestors. After that, we lit the firecrackers we had already prepared and began to eat New Year's Eve.

Second, the north.

1. 1.

1. 1. 1. Eat jiaozi.

Time: 65438+1October 2 1 (New Year's Eve), 65438+1October 22 (the first day of the first month) and 65438+1October 24 (the third day of the first month) in 2023.

According to the ancient custom, jiaozi is eaten after the Spring Festival sacrifice. During the Chinese New Year, it is of special significance to keep the new year's package and eat it at the end of the year. This is a time to welcome the new year and bid farewell to the old year. It means "making friends with young people", and "making friends" is homophonic with "jiaozi", which means happiness, reunion and good luck, and indicates good luck in the new year.

Eating jiaozi and stuffing in jiaozi during the Chinese New Year is convenient for people to put all kinds of auspicious and happy things into stuffing and place people's good expectations for the new year.

1. 1.2. grinding bean curd

Time: 65438+20231October 16 (25th day of twelfth lunar month).

On the 25th day of the twelfth lunar month, it is said that the Jade Emperor will come down to earth and eat tofu dregs to show his hard work. Tofu is an important raw material for processing vegetables in the Spring Festival. Fried tofu, tofu boxes, tofu cocoons and other dishes all need tofu. "Twenty-five, grinding bean curd" and "Tofu" are homonyms of "Du Fu" and also express people's wishes for the new year.

Guyue tofu has a long history and is a classic food in Pingshan County, Hebei Province. Gu Yue Town, Pingshan County has the custom of making tofu since ancient times. Tofu production technology has a history of about 2000 years in Pingshan. Whole-grain soybeans and high-quality water sources, coupled with the tofu-making skills passed down from generation to generation, have made Guyue tofu smooth, delicate and fragrant. At this time of year, people in Pingshan County begin to go to grinding bean curd to prepare for the Chinese New Year.

1. 1.3. Put on your face.

Time: 65438+1October 65438+September 2023 (the 28th day of the twelfth lunar month).

On the 28th of the twelfth lunar month, cakes and steamed buns are decorated with decals. The ancient people used mahogany as the wood to ward off evil spirits, and later it was replaced by red paper. Northerners eat pasta, mainly steamed bread, so they make noodles and steam steamed bread every three to five days on weekdays. However, this is not the case during the China New Year. Steamed buns, steamed buns and sugar horns that have been eaten for more than ten days should be cooked at one time, so the dough is particularly critical at this time.

The process of kneading dough is roughly as follows: first, the "noodles" are boiled with water, mixed with flour, and then slowly fermented in a large basin. Because of the large quantity, it usually takes all night. After being delivered to a certain extent, you need to add a proper amount of baking soda powder, then add some flour, knead until the hardness is moderate, and then continue to ferment for a while.

This is a technical job, and housewives pay special attention to it, because relatives come to dinner during the Spring Festival, and whoever steamed the steamed bread is sour and sorry will inevitably become a laughing stock.

1. 1.4. Steamed steamed bread

Time: 65438+1October 19 (the 28th of the twelfth lunar month), 65438+1October 20th (the 29th of the twelfth lunar month), etc.

The staple food of Chinese New Year is white flour steamed bread, which is also a delicious food that everyone is looking forward to eating. If talking about noodles is a technical activity, steaming steamed bread is a manual activity. Repeated kneading of steamed bread will be strong and delicious. Therefore, when steaming steamed bread, the men at home often come to the stage to help.

The steamed bread agent should be evenly sized before steaming in the drawer. Some people will also make some patterns on the steamed bread, or put a red date on it.

1. 1.5. Kill pigs

Time: June 65438+1October 65438+July, 2023 (the 26th day of the twelfth lunar month).

Killing pigs in Northeast China is a folk custom in rural areas before the Spring Festival. It is a farmer who has worked hard for a year before the Spring Festival, and it is also a big dish to entertain relatives and friends during the Spring Festival.

On the 26th of the twelfth lunar month, Nian pig was killed. Except for the bacon, all the others are hung in the barn. The Spring Festival is coming, then take it back to the house and "slow down" for one night. When I was in cook the meat, I used a big pot, burned firewood at the bottom, and simmered for a long time on a small fire, so the cooked meat was delicious.

But children often can't wait, and from time to time they urge adults to take out a piece and try it. As a result, this day often does not eat any staple food, only eating meat and bones is full. Of course, some raw meat should be kept for cooking, some lean meat should be chopped into stuffing, and jiaozi and croquettes should also be kept.

1.2. Activities

1.2. 1. Clean the house.

Time: 65438+20231October14th (23rd day of the twelfth lunar month).

The 23rd of the twelfth lunar month in the north is the cleaning day for every household. Cleaning up the house inside and out is to welcome the Spring Festival and to sweep away bad luck. Through cleaning, people expressed the idea of saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new. While cleaning, some people will throw away some old things, such as clothes and shoes, and buy more things, which also means to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new.

1.2.2. Send it to the chef.

Time: 65438+20231October14th (23rd day of the twelfth lunar month).

On the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, the northern Chinese New Year, people put candy, water, boiled beans and grass on the table in front of the kitchen god. In order to make the kitchen god "speak well in heaven and return to the palace for good luck", people use various methods to deal with him.

Some worship it with chewing gum candy, so as to stick the kitchen god's teeth so that it can't talk nonsense; Some painted the kitchen door with distiller's grains, so drunk that the kitchen god dared not talk nonsense. Kitchen God is treated specially by people. It is hard to speak ill of him if he is "soft grinding and hard foaming".

1.2.3. Catch up with the annual series

Time: 65438+20231October 18 (the 27th day of the twelfth lunar month).

On the 27 th of the twelfth lunar month, kill chickens for the New Year, so that relatives can be entertained during the New Year. Catch up with big parties and buy things needed for the New Year, especially in the northern countryside. If you don't go to the market in person, have a look, have a look, talk and listen, even if there are big fish and big meat, delicacies and delicacies, the New Year is not interesting.

1.2.4. Post Spring Festival couplets to celebrate the New Year.

Time: 65438+20231October 2 1 day (New Year's Eve).

On New Year's Eve, I was two years old, and the night shift was divided into two days. Cold bid farewell to winter snow, and warmth brings spring breeze. In the north, during the Spring Festival, every household will put couplets on both sides of the door to symbolize auspiciousness and bring festive atmosphere to the festival. Northerners have the custom of observing the old age, that is, a family stays up until the New Year comes, and then eats New Year's Eve, which means to bid farewell to the old year and welcome the new year.

1.2.5. Set off firecrackers, pay New Year greetings and wear new clothes.

Time: 65438+20231October 22nd (the first day of the first month).

On the first day of the lunar new year, the golden rooster announces the dawn, the younger generation pays New Year greetings to the elders, and the elders give lucky money to ward off evil spirits. Setting off firecrackers in the New Year is an ancient custom with festive meaning. During the Spring Festival, every family, adults and children, should wear new clothes to celebrate, which means shabby.

1.2.6. Go back to your parents' house.

Time: 65438+20231October 23rd (the second day of the first month).

On the second day of the Lunar New Year, Jin Pi announced that spring had arrived, relatives and family members went to pay New Year greetings, the host stayed for dinner, and western families arranged banquets. Children accompany their daughter-in-law back to their parents' home. On the third day, they usually go back to their parents' home, but the meaning is different. On this day, most of them are relatives who lost their parents.