People's Education Edition Geography "Australia" Lesson Plan for Grade 7 Volume 2

The following is the lesson plan for the second volume of geography "Australia" for seventh grade students published by the People's Education Press. You are welcome to read it. For more related content, please pay attention to the lesson plan column. People's Education Edition Geography "Australia" lesson plan for seventh grade volume 2

Teaching objectives

Knowledge and skills:

1. Point out the geographical location of Australia on the map. Territorial composition.

2. Understand the rare animals in Australia based on information and pictures, and understand the reasons for the antiquity of animals on the Australian continent.

3. Use relevant information to tell why Australia is called a country riding on the back of a sheep.

4. Understand Australia’s unique geographical environment (location, terrain, climate, etc.) characteristics, and analyze the impact of the natural environment on agriculture and animal husbandry.

5. Based on what you have learned, summarize the conditions suitable for the development of sheep farming in Australia.

Process and method:

1. Improve learning interest and remember the main animal names by looking at pictures of ancient Australian creatures.

2. By watching the video on the history of Australia’s sheep farming industry, you can understand that Australia has a large number of sheep, so it is called "a country riding on the back of a sheep".

3. By reading topographic maps, climate distribution maps and Australian agriculture and animal husbandry distribution maps, analyze the inherent connections between them, and summarize the conditions suitable for the development of sheep farming in Australia.

4. Consolidate basic knowledge and improve geographical skills through classroom exercises.

Emotional attitudes and values:

By analyzing the development layout of Australia’s agriculture and animal husbandry, we understand the necessity of developing the economy in accordance with local conditions.

Important and difficult points in teaching

1. Teaching focus: Australia’s location and territorial composition, the reasons why Australia is called the “World Living Fossil Museum” and “The Country Riding on the Back of a Sheep” , and the development of agriculture and animal husbandry in Australia.

2. Teaching difficulties: Australia has suitable conditions for the development of sheep farming.

Teaching process

◆New course introduction:

Design content: Use projection to display the Sydney Opera House, Great Barrier Reef, corals, pastures, kangaroos, and emus in Australia , national emblem and other wonderful pictures attract students' interest in learning geography and introduce them to the new lesson "Australia".

Design idea: This course takes "travel to Australia" as the main line to attract students' interest in learning geography, and integrates all knowledge points into it, allowing students to learn the textbook content during a pleasant "travel".

The teacher asked the students, summer vacation is coming soon, do you want to travel to Australia?

Student activity ideas

Let’s travel to Australia together today! Let’s go! We still need to make some preparations before, such as what clothes should we bring? What else are there?

Student activities At this time, the student union is busy discussing what needs to be brought, thick clothes , maps, money, passports, etc.

Teacher summary: Generally speaking, the items we must prepare when traveling abroad are: passport, visa, money, map, and emergency medicine.

Following what everyone mentioned about the map, we also need to know where Australia is, which is the geographical location of Australia. Does anyone know where Australia is? Let’s look at the world map on the screen and look for Australia. geographical location.

The place where student activities are yellow is Australia.

The teacher concluded that the students were all right. The yellow one in the picture is Australia, which is the largest country in Oceania. It consists of the Australian mainland and nearby small islands such as Tasmaya Island in the southeast.

How do we describe the geographical location of a country or region when we study it?

Student activities are described in terms of hemispheric location, latitude location, and sea and land location.

Please take one minute to think about how to describe the geographical location of Australia, and then ask a classmate to answer.

★Writing on the blackboard:

Section 4 Australia

1. Position

1. Hemisphere position:

2. Latitude position:

3. Sea and land position:

Student activities Australia’s hemisphere position is the Eastern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere; its latitude position is the tropics and the southern temperate zone; its land and sea position is facing the Pacific Ocean to the east. To the west is the Indian Ocean. (Ask a student to answer)

The teacher concluded that Australia is south of the equator, so it is in the southern hemisphere; and the Tropic of Capricorn passes through the center of Australia, so it spans the tropics and the southern temperate zone. Australia is the only country in the Australian continent, so Australia is the only country in the world that exclusively owns the entire continent.

Student activities Students complete the first part of the study plan: Australia’s place in the world, and then proofread their answers.

After understanding the location of Australia, we set off to our first stop in Australia, visiting the Wildlife and Botanical Gardens. Now please watch a video about Australia Zoo and learn about the unique animals in Australia.

Play the video "Animals of Australia"

Student activities watch the video carefully

The teacher asked what animals did everyone see? What are the two animals on the Australian national emblem? ?

Student activities include kangaroos, emus, koalas, platypuses, black swans, kookaburras, echidnas, turtles, etc. The animals on Australia's national emblem are the kangaroo and the emus.

I accept that everyone has taken a very serious and clear look. In addition to these unique animals, Australia also has some unique plants. Please look at the pictures on the courseware and identify what plants they are?

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Student activities The one on the left is eucalyptus, and the one on the right is acacia.

Teacher summary: Eucalyptus is known as the king of hardwoods, and acacia is also the plant on the Australian national emblem.

Student activities are unique, ancient and rare...

The teacher concluded that these animals and plants have always existed on the Australian continent, reflecting the antiquity and primitiveness nature; and these animals and plants are not found on other continents, so they reflect endemism.

In addition to the animals and plants we just met, are there any other species in Australia? Let’s take a look at some information first: According to statistics, there are 150 species of marsupials in the world, most of which are distributed in Australia; Australia There are also 450 species of endemic birds and 9,000 species of endemic plants.

Teacher summary: Because these unique animals and plants provide a wealth of information for humans to study the evolution of the earth, Australia is called the "World Living Fossil Museum".

★Blackboard:

2. World Living Fossil Museum

Exploration Activity 1

Why are there so many ancient creatures only in Australia? (Students at the front and back tables form a group to discuss together, and the group leader will show the answers after two minutes)

Student activities students had a heated discussion, and generally they were able to think about Australia as its own continent.

Teacher summary The Australian continent has existed alone on the oceans of the Southern Hemisphere for a long time, and biological evolution is slow; there are no large wild carnivores and a lack of natural enemies.

Teacher asked why the Antarctic continent, which has also been lonely for a long time, does not have so many unique creatures? Think mainly from the location.

Student Activities The Antarctic continent has a high latitude and a cold climate, which is not suitable for the survival of living things.

Teacher summary: The Antarctic continent is the coldest place in the world. The thickness of ice and snow reaches about 2,000 meters. It is difficult for organisms to survive in this climate condition.

Student activities: Students complete the second part of the study plan: The World Living Fossil Museum, and then proofread their answers.

In addition to Australia’s many ancient animals and plants, Australia’s livestock industry is also very developed. Let’s go to the second stop: Australian ranches.

The teacher asked everyone to look at the picture of a farmer’s pasture and carefully observe how big the pasture is? What kind of animals are raised in the pasture? Are there many in number?

Student activities It is very large and mainly raises sheep in large numbers.

Are these sheep native-born or imported? Let’s first watch a video to understand the history of Australia’s sheep industry.

Play the video "Sheep Raising in Australia"

The teacher asked where did the sheep in Australia come from?

Introduced by student activities.

Where did teacher questions come from?

Student activities in Europe.

Teacher summary: In fact, these sheep were brought over by British colonists. The video mentions that there were only 29 sheep at the beginning, and now there are about 180 million sheep. The number is very large, becoming one of the countries with the largest number of sheep in the world; and the quality of wool is excellent, and most of it is exported. Australian wool The export volume is also the largest in the world, so Australia is called "a country riding on the back of a sheep".

★Writing on the blackboard:

3. The country riding on the back of a sheep

The teacher asked everyone to look at the picture of workers shearing sheep and think about the characteristics of sheep farming. What are the characteristics?

Mechanization of student activities

The teacher concluded that Australians basically use machines to assist in shearing sheep, and the efficiency is greatly improved. Therefore, it reflects a high degree of mechanization and less labor consumption. characteristics. After the wool is trimmed, some is used for export, and some is used for deep processing, forming a certain industrial chain, which also reflects the high degree of industrialization of Australia's sheep industry.

★Written on the blackboard:

1. Characteristics of sheep farming

Australia has so many sheep, where are they mainly distributed? What specific sheep farming species are there? Belt? Let’s first look at the distribution map of the Australian Shepherd Belt and then find out the answer.

Student activities are in the west, east and southeast. The sheep grazing zone is a mixed operation zone for sheep, cattle and cash crops; the mixed operation zone for sheep and wheat; and the extensive sheep grazing zone.

The teacher summarized that there are three main shepherd belts that everyone has found, but the distribution areas are mainly in the southeast and southwest.

★Writing on the blackboard:

2. Distribution of the Shepherding Belt

The teacher asked that the Shepherding Belt is mainly distributed in the southeast and southwest. What factors are mainly related to it?

Student activities include climate, land and sea, and terrain.

The teacher summarizes and displays the topographic map and climate map of Australia. The map explains that Australia's terrain consists of three major parts: the Great Dividing Range in the east, a higher-altitude mountainous area; the central plains, a flat terrain in the middle; and the Western Plateau, a lower-altitude plateau in the west. The pastoral belt is located in the southeast and southwest, mainly in coastal areas, with flat terrain and a relatively humid climate.

Student activities: Students complete Part 3 of the study plan: The Country Riding on the Back of a Sheep, and then proofread their answers.

Exploration Activity 2

The number of sheep grazing in Australia has increased from 29 to about 180 million. What conditions are suitable for the development of sheep farming in Australia? (Students at the front and back desk are in a group) ***Same discussion, the group leader will speak after three minutes)

Student activities Students actively discuss and can basically analyze the impact of terrain and climate.

The teacher summarized the main conditions suitable for the development of sheep farming in Australia: ① flat terrain ② vast grassland ③ suitable climate ④ abundant groundwater ⑤ sheep have no natural enemies.

★Written on the blackboard:

3. Conditions suitable for raising sheep

Since Australia has so many conditions suitable for raising sheep, what are the effects of investing in sheep raising in Australia? Should be good. Next explore our third question.

Exploration activity three

If you were to invest in raising sheep in Australia, where would you choose to build your own pasture? (Think based on the material in the second activity question on page 70 of the textbook , the students at the front and back tables also discuss together as a group, and after three minutes, the group leader will speak. When reporting the results, the group leader should explain the results by pointing to the diagram, not only explaining the selected location, but also explaining the basis for the selection)

Student Activities The students will think based on what they have learned and the 70 pages of materials. After three minutes, the two team leader representatives will be asked to explain their opinions. Students generally choose to study in the southeast because the coastal areas here have flatter terrain and a humid climate.

The teacher summarizes the selection mainly based on terrain and climate conditions. Fine-wool sheep like a warm and dry climate, so they choose to live in drier places in the west; while meat sheep and meat-wool sheep like a warm and humid climate with little temperature difference throughout the year, so they are more suitable to choose in the southeast because it is a temperate ocean. The climate is warm and humid all year round with small temperature differences.

Class summary Our trip to Australia ends here today. Let’s recall what we learned during this trip: Australian teaching design

Teaching objectives< /p>

1. Understand that Australia is a sparsely populated country located in the southern hemisphere;

2. Understand Australia’s topography, climate, hydrology, animals and other natural geographical features; understand Australia’s rich resource conditions ; Understand the distribution patterns of agriculture and animal husbandry in Australia; Understand the meaning of "sitting on a mine cart" and "riding on the back of a sheep".

3. Preliminarily understand the relationship between Australia’s climate distribution, latitude position, sea and land position, and the impact of climate on population distribution, vegetation, and agriculture and animal husbandry development;

4. Through reading, Analyze Australian topographic maps and agricultural and animal husbandry distribution maps to further develop the skills of reading and using maps and the ability to comprehensively analyze problems.

Teaching Key Points

Teaching Key Points

1. Be able to use the knowledge you have learned to analyze and explore Australia’s unique natural environment and unique natural geographical phenomena.

2. Through the cases of Australia’s agriculture, animal husbandry and mining development, analyze and illustrate the necessity of developing the economy according to local conditions.

Teaching difficulties

Cultivate students’ ability to use existing knowledge and experience to explore and solve new problems.

Teaching tools

Courseware

Teaching process

(Introduction of new lessons)

Slide show of Australia Pictures of the national flag and national emblem

The national flag and national emblem are symbols of a country. How come there are two animal logos at Australia’s festival? What animals are they? This shows that there must be many animals in Australia, and the animals are very cute.

So, we are now ready to start our trip to Australia today!

(Design concept: through the national flag, national emblem, especially the two animals on the national emblem, arouse students’ interest in learning.)

Getting ready

Teacher: 1. Where is Australia?

2. We are going to Australia now (June). What season is it in Australia? What clothes should I bring?

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3. What kind of transportation can we use?

Guided picture reading: Show the map of Australia’s position in the world, and flash the Australia part to guide students to analyze and discuss the following Question, clarify its geographical location: hemispheric location, sea and land location, and latitude location.

Sheng: (omitted).

Teacher summary:

Australia is located in the Eastern Hemisphere and is a country in the Southern Hemisphere. The Tropic of Capricorn passes through the middle of the continent; it is bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the east and the Indian Ocean to the west. We are in summer in June, but it is winter in Australia now. Because Australia crosses the Tropic of Cancer, the climate is dominated by tropical deserts and savannahs, so there is no need to bring too thick clothes. We can go by plane, train and other means of transportation.

(Design concept: A scenario of a trip to Australia will be used throughout the class. About Australia’s land and sea location, as well as some preparations)

First stop: Wildlife Park-- World Living Fossil Museum

Watch videos to appreciate animals, understand the antiquity and primitiveness of Australian creatures, and develop a desire to explore the primitiveness of Australian creatures.

Teacher: Students, do any of you know about Australian animals?

Student: (omitted)

Teacher: Students are thinking while looking at the pictures. Why are there so many ancient creatures in Australia? What does this have to do with?

Student: (omitted)

Slideshow of continental drift animation

Teacher: 1. When did the Australian continent separate from other continents?

2. The Australian continent has existed alone in the oceans of the Southern Hemisphere for a long time. What impact will this have on the evolution of organisms?

< p>　3. In fact, the continent that has been isolated for a long time is not only Australia, but also Antarctica. Why don’t the Antarctic continent have so many unique creatures?

Student; (omitted)

Teacher: Summarize the problem.

Analysis 1: Australia separated from other continents very early, about 65 million years ago, and was isolated for a long time. The ocean blocked the spread of organisms, resulting in no other animals on the continent competing for survival with them, and the animals lacked natural enemies. After the formation of Australia, no major folding movement occurred. The earth's crust has always been relatively stable and the natural conditions are relatively simple, so animal evolution has been slow.

Analysis 2: Due to the harsh natural conditions of the Antarctic continent, which is not conducive to the survival of organisms, there are not a large number of unique organisms left.

　(Inherited)

Although Australia has many ancient animals, in terms of quantity, what is even more amazing about Australia in the world is that this country has all With nearly 200 million sheep, it is the country with the most sheep in the world. Let’s go to the Australian Wool Museum to learn about the history of Australia’s sheep farming industry.

(Design concept: In this section, I have prepared a large number of pictures of unique Australian animals, so that everyone can start learning this lesson in a relaxed and natural environment. A large number of pictures can Arouse everyone's interest in learning and learn about the reasons why Australia has so many ancient animals)

Second stop: Wool Museum--the country that rides on the back of a sheep

Teacher (display) Courseware: The proportion and status of Australia's sheep farming industry in the world): Australia is the country with the largest number of sheep and wool exports in the world. Because there are so many sheep, it is called a country that rides on a sheep's back. Let students study and understand the 76 pages of reading material and understand the history of Australia's sheep industry.

Teacher summary: We have learned about the development history of sheep farming in Australia because the natural environment is suitable for the growth of sheep. Let’s analyze the natural conditions of the country: Tips from the aspects of terrain, climate, etc. to consider.

(1) Present a climate map: discuss and analyze the climate distribution characteristics of Australia and the conditions suitable for the development of sheep farming.

Teachers guide students to read the climate map of Australia.

(1) Find the Tropic of Capricorn, see where it passes through Australia, and tell Australia’s position among the five belts.

(2) Find out what climate types Australia has and discuss and analyze their distribution characteristics.

Biology: tropical rainforest climate, savannah climate, tropical desert climate, subtropical humid climate, southern Mediterranean climate and temperate maritime climate.

Guide students to discuss and analyze Australia’s climate distribution characteristics and conditions suitable for the development of agriculture and animal husbandry.

Student: (omitted)

Teacher: The central and western regions and the north have a tropical desert climate, which is relatively dry and suitable for wintering and breeding of livestock.

Teacher: 70% of Australia’s sheep are distributed in the southeast and southwest. Why?

Student: (omitted)

Teacher: The southeast has high temperatures and rainy weather in summer , with mild and humid winters; the southwest has mild and humid winters and hot and dry summers, which are suitable for both animal husbandry and agriculture.

(2) The teacher shows the courseware: Australia’s topographic map. Based on students' self-study and discussion, analyze the conditions suitable for the development of sheep farming in Australia.

Students: (omitted)

Teacher summary: ① Eastern mountainous area: 800-1000 meters above sea level, mainly with the Great Dividing Range.

②Central plain: plain with an altitude of less than 200 meters.

③ Low plateau in the west: 200-1000 meters above sea level. The low plateaus in the west and the large plains in the center are rich in groundwater, excellent pasture, and have no natural enemies, so they can be grazed all year round.

Guide students to read maps: On the Australian topographic map, find the Murray River - Australia's largest river, North Lake Eyre - the lowest terrain, and the Australian Basin - the Great Artesian Basin.

The courseware displays a video of the Great Artesian Basin, allowing students to understand why well water in the Great Artesian Basin will spurt upward on its own. They also know that the Great Artesian Basin contains rich freshwater resources, which will provide great opportunities for the development of Australia's agriculture and animal husbandry. Provides abundant irrigation water resources.

Guide students to analyze the relationship between agriculture, animal husbandry and terrain. (The low plateaus in the west and the large plains in the central part have rich groundwater, excellent pasture, and no natural enemies. They can be grazed all year round. Different terrains require different grazing methods and the development of agriculture and animal husbandry.)

Teacher Summary: The people of Australia have made full use of the superior natural conditions, adapted to local conditions, and developed agriculture and animal husbandry, and the degree of mechanization of agricultural and animal husbandry production is also very high. Watch a video below to learn about the farm scene of automatic shearing and mechanized farming, and talk about your own feelings. (Provide ideological education to students in a timely manner)

Teacher summary: Australia has developed agriculture and animal husbandry, and most of its main agricultural and animal husbandry products are exported. It is the country with the largest number of sheep and the largest export of wool in the world. , so it is called a country "riding on the back of a sheep". At the same time, Australia also exports more beef and wheat.

(Design concept: The design of this section is to allow students to read pictures, discuss and summarize by themselves, and to consciously cultivate students' ability to read pictures and comprehensively analyze problems.)

< p>　(Inherited)

Australia not only has superior conditions for developing agriculture and animal husbandry, but also has unique conditions for developing industry and mining.

The third stop: Mineral Museum--the country that sits on a mine cart

The teacher shows the Australian mineral distribution map and finds out what important minerals there are in Australia? Name them. Distribution areas?

Students: (omitted)

Teacher summary: Iron mines, mainly distributed in the northwest; Coal mines: mainly distributed in the eastern coast; Copper mines: distributed in the northeast ;There are also gold mines, oil, bauxite, lead-zinc ore, manganese ore, nickel ore and so on.

Australia is indeed a country rich in mineral resources, with shallow burial depth, high quality, and large reserves.

After World War II, Australia used its abundant mineral resources to vigorously develop the mining, metallurgical and machinery manufacturing industries, which have now become important pillar industries of the national economy.

Australia’s industry is based on rich mineral resources. More than half of the ores mined in Australia are exported, making it one of the world’s major exporters of mineral products. Since mineral product exports account for a large proportion of total exports, some people say that Australia is a country "sitting on a mine cart".

Multimedia provides cityscape pictures of the Sydney Opera House and the capital Canberra.

Summary: The southeastern coastal area of ??Australia has flat terrain, humid climate, convenient transportation, early development history, dense population, developed industry and mining, and concentrated cities.

Teacher: Multimedia playback of Australia’s unique animals, pastures, industrial and mining industries, cities and other landscapes.

Students: Talk about the learning experience of this class (knowledge acquired, methods learned, concepts formed, etc.).

Teacher summary: Use a jingle to summarize the content of this lesson, and end the study with the joy of success.

A country that monopolizes the continent, Captain Cook discovered him;

The unique animal kangaroo roams the Australian grasslands;

The duck-billed emus and koalas, Far away from the mainland and evolving slowly;

The climate is annular and diverse, winter comes to us and summer comes to others;

The land is vast, the people are sparse, and it is good for shepherding, and agricultural and animal husbandry production is mechanized;

< p> It has large reserves of coal and iron resources, and its three reputations are spread all over the world;

The population is concentrated in the southeast, and the warm and humid climate makes it easy to settle down;

The port is Sydney and Melbourne, but the capital is Canberra.

(Design concept: Use a relaxed, simple, and easy-to-remember jingle to summarize this lesson to enhance students’ memory of the knowledge in this lesson.)

Classroom exercises: Geography filling in the atlas of Australia .