What kind of survival skills should people have?

In fact, survival skills are relative to the living environment. Different living environments require people to have different life skills. People's living environment can be roughly divided into two categories: one is the natural environment and the other is the cultural environment. The meaning of the natural environment is very clear. In the history of human development, every river basin has "irrigated" different human civilizations. Cultural environment includes economic environment, political environment and social environment. The content is much broader and deeper. Because of the diversity and variability of the environment, the ability of human beings to adapt to the environment should also be changeable. "But our parents only think about how to protect their children, which is not enough. They should be taught how to protect themselves as adults, how to withstand the blow of fate, how to ignore luxury and poverty, and how to live in the ice and snow of Iceland or the burning rocks of malta island when necessary. " In the United States, parents pay attention to the cultivation of their children's viability, and their educational methods are worth learning from our parents in China: in the United States, six or seven-month-old children drink water and milk by themselves, and older children learn to eat with knives by themselves. Children often spill food on the table and the ground, but parents never feed it and let the children eat it themselves. Children play games alone, or with children, instead of pestering their parents to do it. Parents go out to travel, leave their young children with grandparents, or leave them at other people's homes for a few days. I didn't see my parents holding their children at home or at other people's homes. American parents will take their children to the mountains when they are over 6 years old. Whenever you encounter a mountain stream that needs to be crossed, let the children observe the water situation. Look for the shallowest and slowest wading point, and then parents will decide whether it is feasible. If you don't choose properly, tell them the truth and teach children how to distinguish water depth from current velocity. When going up the mountain, they never take the cable car, but the children choose their own climbing routes. When you encounter a steep cliff on the way, let the children judge whether there is danger, whether to climb, and ask them how to ensure safety. After many practices, children are naturally not afraid of mountains and rivers, but also dare to take risks. There is a good saying: "artists are bold." American parents also understand this truth. In order to let children acquire some survival skills, American parents taught their children to know and use various tools and appliances from an early age. Parents teach their children the use and performance of tools such as hammers, screwdrivers, pliers, files and wrenches. Let children master the operation essentials and encourage them to use them in daily life. When children are five or six years old, parents should teach their children to use gas stoves, pressure cookers and washing machines. Parents encourage their children to boldly try to repair whatever is wrong with their own things. On the one hand, they encourage children to innovate and forge ahead boldly and boldly in their life journey. At the same time, it also tells children that there are also scams and traps in society, such as violence, robbery and rape. So learn to protect yourself from all kinds of harm. When parents take their children to the streets, they will teach them traffic rules anytime and anywhere, tell them other precautions, and point out that walking like that is easy and dangerous, and only in this way will it be safe. In order to prevent children from being hurt in an emergency and better protect themselves, parents also tell their children to remember the necessary telephone numbers, such as the telephone numbers of their parents' units, police stations, fire departments, emergency telephone numbers of hospitals and so on. When getting lost in the wild, parents will teach their children in advance to judge the direction by the density of leaves and how to distinguish edible wild fruits from wild vegetables. (1) Parents should pay attention to cultivating their children's social skills. Children in China have high scores and low abilities. What is "imbecility"? One of the problems is low social skills and low ability to get along with others. Originally, children were already "mentally retarded" at school. Wouldn't it be worse to let them drop out of school and set up a "private school" in a high-rise building with reinforced concrete? ! People are social animals, so people inevitably live in society. Society is made up of various social roles, so people live in a crisscross social interpersonal network. Accordingly, if people want to survive in society, they must have strong social and interpersonal skills and learn to get along with others. Therefore, from this perspective, it is a big mistake for China's parents to focus only on the cultivation of their children's cognitive ability. In the United States, teachers regard social skills and ability to get along with others as important indicators to measure and evaluate children. So, how should we cultivate children's social skills? In the family, parents should pay attention to downplaying their children's self-centeredness and don't specialize. Guide children to get along with other family members, neighbors and other children on an equal footing. Is there anything delicious at home? If you want to share it with others, think of giving it to elders and adults. If there are guests at home, please invite them to dinner first. Let the children know that everyone serves themselves, and they should also serve everyone. Encourage children to make friends with friends. There are toys for everyone to play with, extracurricular books for everyone to read, and delicious food for other children to eat. When reviewing and doing homework together, help whoever has difficulties, so that children can exchange feelings and get to know each other in mutual contact and interaction. Don't be afraid of their contradictions. Even if there are contradictions, we should guide them to understand and solve them in simple communication and increase their talents. In the interaction between children and their partners, children should not be taught to treat others equally, be selfless when things go wrong, keep your word, be strict with yourself, be lenient with others, respect others, and not be suspicious, disgusted or hostile to others easily. Encourage children to associate with children of different ages and levels, but in this process, it is best not to always associate with older children, so as not to form the habit of obedience or dependence, nor to always associate with children much younger than themselves, so as not to grow up. Encourage children to make friends who have forgotten their friends. Let several children complete some independent projects together, learn from them, learn to negotiate and learn to cooperate. For example, several families organize an outing or picnic, and the children complete the planning, purchasing, cooking and other work themselves, and hand over some families' "external communication" to the children. (2) Parents should attach importance to children's "creation" and "creation" ability. American education attaches importance to the cultivation of ability, not the transmission of knowledge; Pay attention to internalizing knowledge into ability, rather than instilling external knowledge. Applying what you have learned and turning what you have learned into your own through application is one of the essences of American quality education. If the electrical appliances at home are broken, American parents encourage their children to try to repair them themselves, while China's parents' reaction to their children's alarm clocks is statistical: 99% of parents will "reprimand" their children or warn them (repressive). In the face of children's questions, 48% of parents will treat them in an "impatient", "disdainful" or "perfunctory" way. Obviously, China's parents pay little attention to their children's creativity and creativity. People need to constantly innovate in the process of adapting to change. Because innovation ability and creativity can expand people's living space; Can break through the existing space, to find and expand the new scope of existence. Therefore, parents should pay more attention to cultivating their children's ability to "create" and "create", read fairy tales and science fiction works with their children, and watch fairy tales and science fiction movies and TV programs together. Discuss the feelings of reading and reviewing together. Protect children's curiosity and exploration spirit, and encourage children to ask questions. If possible, consider whether to "buy" or "install" a computer, and encourage children to disassemble the alarm clock independently under the guidance of their parents; Often give some tasks to children to complete independently. These tasks can start with small things, such as shopping and getting up by yourself ... Parents should not interfere too much, only stipulate that they should achieve the "goal" and leave it to their children to complete it independently. When children have questions, parents should not rush to give answers, but encourage them to find the answers themselves. For example, where can I buy cheap computer parts, let the children break in by themselves, and even give some hints or clues (not clear answers) after hitting a nail. (3) Parents should pay attention to cultivating children's psychological endurance. If Han Xin asks, "If people attack me, I will be a prisoner?" I wonder what our parents will say to Han Xin? If Han Xin can't stand the humiliation of his legs, Han Xin may be an unknown ghost. There are many reasons for Han Xin's success, but his extraordinary psychological endurance is an important reason. We can't educate our children with the Jianghu survival way of "if anyone attacks me, I will punish them", but we should discuss with them some wise actions to avoid being bullied. It is best to establish direct communication channels between parents and children, or choose an adult that children can trust to establish instant communication channels with their children to understand their psychological state and let them understand that "change is eternal and inevitable; We should be psychologically prepared, face up to change and admit it; And there are plans and actions to adapt to change, deliberately let children taste the taste of failure and frustration. Parents should not stand up for their children when they are frustrated, but should analyze the reasons truthfully and to the point with their children, find out the way out and the solution, and finally (best) let the children solve it themselves. Children are not encouraged to exaggerate their own shortcomings, nor are they allowed to narrow their own shortcomings and cultivate their self-confidence and self-awareness. Parents should pay attention to cultivating their children's concept of the rule of law. It is said that Japan has the largest number of engineers in the world per capita, while the United States has the largest number of lawyers in the world. Educated families in the United States will not teach their children the philosophy of "whoever attacks me, I will attack." These American families believe in the power of the rule of law more than "the power of morality" and "the left face is beaten and the right face sticks out". Our parents should let their children know the rules of the game from an early age and learn to use the school rules and the strength of teachers or principals to protect themselves. When they grow up, they will know how to use the law and the police to protect themselves. Tell children more stories about law, watch some TV programs about law with children, and analyze and discuss some interesting cases. Go to the scene with your children to observe some court cases and discuss those controversial details. China people like to talk about "being reasonable", while Americans emphasize "being reasonable". Try to find an example and make an analysis and comparison with children. Let the children talk about "can't be prohibited by laws or rules; You can only do things that are not prohibited by laws and regulations. Grasp all cases in life that are potentially related to the law and make analysis and reasoning. For example, neighbors' parents beat their children; Neighbor's parents beat other people's children ... Parents should clearly know that it is up to the children to educate themselves and create a benign and law-abiding living environment, which goes far beyond the concept of material survival. (5) Parents should pay attention to training their children to learn how to deal with money. Parents in China should not give their children pocket money, birthday gifts and lucky money at will, but should encourage their children to take part in voluntary labor. When children have the ability to do something independently, they should be properly allowed to take part in some simple paid jobs to let them know the relationship between work and making money; Let children know what is the correct way to "withdraw money" in the market economy and commodity society. Parents should teach them economic knowledge, not how to make money, but how to understand the economic phenomena existing in the world. Learning to plan and make rational use of one's limited resources is an idea or a habit. This habit should be cultivated from an early age to teach children how to manage their finances. The most fundamental purpose of financial management is to maximize your happiness. (6) Parents should attach importance to sex education for their children. In the United States, the dominant idea of sex education is to guide it, not to seal it, not to block it. There is no word "puppy love" in American culture, just as there is no word "zongzi" in American food and language. If you want to discuss "Zongzi" with them, of course, it is difficult to discuss it. On the other hand, how do we get along with the opposite sex in education in China? It was the "little monk" who dared not think about it, and the "old monk" dared not mention it; For the topic that the "little monk" doesn't want to "hide" and the "old monk" doesn't want to "provoke", we should answer openly and encourage children to open their hearts to trusted adults. This "trustworthy" adult should not insist that it must be his parents, teachers, relatives and friends. With the channels of timely communication, it is possible to solve problems in time. If children have needs, they should be given appropriate opportunities to have normal and healthy communication with the opposite sex and avoid them becoming "underground workers". Parents should know their children's thoughts, but generally don't eavesdrop on the phone, peek at the diary, and secretly follow the "secret service team behind enemy lines".