Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Travel guide - I am a fourth-grade primary school student. The composition in Unit 5 of Book 1 of People's Education Edition is about the world natural heritage. I want to write about Jiuzhaigou. Please introduce me
I am a fourth-grade primary school student. The composition in Unit 5 of Book 1 of People's Education Edition is about the world natural heritage. I want to write about Jiuzhaigou. Please introduce me
There are a large number of Quaternary ancient glacial remains. The groundwater in Jiuzhaigou is rich in calcium carbonate, and milk-white calcium carbonate crystals can be seen in the water at the bottom of the lake, on the embankment and beside the lake, which come from snow-capped mountains and forests. Jiuzhaigou's flowing spring water is unusually clear, and the trapezoidal lake water is filtered layer by layer, making its water color more transparent and visibility as high as 20 meters. Cuihai, waterfalls, colorful forests, snow peaks and Tibetan feelings are known as the "five wonders" of Jiuzhaigou. Water and milk blend together, beautiful. Modern grass's poem Jiuzhaigou: "Looking at the colorful pool in the forest, fish swimming in the clouds, birds singing happily;" The waterfall falls on the face, and the Jiuzhai landscape raises the sea and the sky "gives a true interpretation.
The origin of the name
Jiuzhaigou was the cutting area of 126 and 127 forest farms in the 1960s. 1960, Chairman Mao issued a call to support remote mountainous areas, so people in plain areas responded to the call and went into Aba, Ganzi and Liangshan to build the third line and develop forests. Jiuzhaigou was hacked for six years, and many meetings were held when the "Cultural Revolution" broke out in 66. At this time, Jiuzhaigou was cut down for 10 years, and the ecology was restored. After the Cultural Revolution, a working group of the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries made a comprehensive investigation of Jiuzhaigou in 1975, and came to the conclusion that Jiuzhaigou is not only rich in animal and plant resources, but also a rare and beautiful scenic spot in the world. In the same year, Professor Wu, president of the Chinese Academy of Forestry and a famous forester, made a comprehensive inspection of Jiuzhaigou. Professor Wu said with deep feelings: "I have been to several countries in Europe and America and have never seen such a wonderful natural landscape. Must be well protected. " He immediately wrote to the Sichuan provincial government and informed the provincial forestry department. The Provincial Forestry Department attached great importance to it and immediately informed Nanping Forestry Bureau that Jiuzhaigou could only cut down 200 meters, which was the earliest measure taken by the forestry department to protect Jiuzhaigou. 1977 The Sichuan Precious Animal Resources Investigation Team wrote the Investigation Report of Sichuan Precious Animal Resources. On June 30th, 1978, 165438+ relevant departments ordered Jiuzhaigou to stop logging. 1979, two forest farms moved out. 1980, Jiuzhaigou nature reserve was established, and more and more tourists came. Jiuzhaigou Valley
A British tourist who has been to many places of interest in the world said, "Jiuzhaigou is more attractive than thousands of feet Waterfall, wedding dresses in Guinea, Daylight Dragon in Japan and Lake Geneva in Switzerland." Lindbray, general manager of an American multinational company, sighed after visiting Jiuzhaigou: "It is a miracle and great luck for us to have such a landscape on earth." In 1970s, a group of intruders stumbled upon this wonderland, and the woodcutter was merciful and turned this forest into a national forest park. 1982 became the first batch of national key scenic spots and was listed as a national nature reserve. 1992 is listed in the world natural heritage list by UNESCO, and 1997 is listed in the "Man and Biosphere" protection network. In 200 1 year, it won the title of "Green Globe 2 1" and became a tourist attraction with three international laurels. In 2009, Nuorilang Waterfall with a waterfall width of 320 meters was selected as the widest waterfall in China, world record association, China, and became another top tourist attraction in China. 1982 the State Council approved Jiuzhaigou as a national scenic spot. 1984 The Administration was established, and Jiuzhaigou was officially opened as a scenic spot. 199265438+February 14, Jiuzhaigou and Huanglong were included in the World Natural Heritage List by the 6th General Assembly of UNESCO World Natural Heritage Committee in Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA. The certificate was issued by the mayor. 1997 was listed in the world man and biosphere reserve: in 2000, it was rated as the first batch of AAAA scenic spots in China, and in February 2006, 5438+0 won the certificate of "Green Globe 2 1". On May 8, 2007, Jiuzhaigou Scenic Spot in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture was officially approved by the National Tourism Administration as a national 5A-level scenic spot. Today, Jiuzhaigou and Huanglong have become world-class scenic spots of the Triple Crown. Jiuzhaigou, together with Wuzhen, Old Town of Lijiang, Shuimo Wuyuan, Fenghuang Ancient City, Pingyao, Dunhuang and Baihaba Village in Brzin, Xinjiang, was rated as the eight most beautiful honeymoon towns in China. Historically, people of all ethnic groups have left valuable cultural heritage in the process of inheritance and labor, and are known as the "hometown of folk songs".
Jiuzhaigou's summer scenery (20 pictures) is known as the hometown of pipa and love songs, and Baima Tibetan "? Dance and Nanping Quzi are listed in the national intangible cultural heritage list. Jiuzhaigou performing arts industry cluster was named as the national cultural industry demonstration base by the Ministry of Culture. In 2008, the large-scale musical "Tibetan fans" officially entered Jiuzhaigou Tibetan fans grand theatre and performed at the designated place. The long seascape of Jianyan Scenic Area is more than 20,000 hectares of forest in Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area, which is densely distributed vertically on the mountains ranging from 2,000 meters to 4,000 meters. The main tree species are Korean pine, spruce, fir, Betula alnoides, Primula, Cercidiphyllum, etc. In the virgin forest here, there are precious animals such as giant panda, white-lipped deer, Sumen antelope, pronghorn and golden cat. Wild ducks flock in Haizi, and swans and mandarin ducks often come to play. This is one of the famous nature reserves in China.
Scenic spot
The main attractions of Jiuzhaigou are: Baojingyan, Bonsai Beach, Reed Sea, Color Pool,
Jiuzhaigou Landscape (20 photos): Pearl Beach, Jinghai, Rhino Lake, Nuorilang Waterfall, Wuhuahai, Shuzhenghai and Changhai. Xuefeng, one of the five wonders of Jiuzhaigou landscape, shines brightly against the blue sky, like a brave soldier, waiting beside Jiuzhaigou for a whole winter. Standing in the distance, staring, towering snow peaks, sharp and steep, snowy, silver peaks and jade pillars, pointing to the blue sky, the scenery is extremely magnificent. Distribution table of related scenic spots: Jiuzhaigou Jinghai virgin forest
Jiuzhaigou Pearl Beach Jiuzhaigou Wuhuahai Sea
Jiuzhaigou panda sea Jiuzhaigou arrow bamboo sea
Jiuzhaigou Swan Sea Jiuzhaigou Caohai
Jiuzhaigou rhinoceros lake Jiuzhaigou Shuzheng Waterfall
Jiuzhaigou Shuzheng Qunhai Jiuzhaigou Wolong Sea
Jiuzhaigou Huohuahai Jiuzhaigou Reed Sea
Jiuzhaigou seasonal sea Jiuzhaigou colorful fairy pool
Introduction to Jiuzhaigou Changhai Jiuzhaigou
Jiuzhaigou religious temple Shuzheng Qunhai
Seasonal Ocean of Norilang Falls
Changhai Pearl Beach Waterfall
Jinghai rhinoceros lake
Laohuhai huohuahai
Reed Sea Bonsai Beach
Heyezhai Zharu Horse Road
Zharu Bridge Baojing Cliff
Edit this humanistic style
abstract
Jiuzhaigou's blue sky, white clouds, snow-capped mountains and forests are all in waterfalls, rivers and beaches, forming a string of pearls that seem to fall from the sky; Bonfires, roast sheep, pot farms, ancient and beautiful legends show the warm and powerful ethnic customs of Tibetans and Qiang people. Jiuzhaigou, a colorful and magnificent Yaochi Jiuzhaigou.
Pot, a primitive, quaint, magical and dreamy fairyland on earth, a natural and pure "fairy tale world"! With its magical natural and human landscapes such as the Emerald Sea, waterfalls, colorful forests and snow peaks, it has become one of the few holy places in China with two laurels of "World Natural Heritage" and "World Biosphere Reserve". Jiuzhaigou is known as the "fairy tale world Jiuzhaigou" with peaks, colorful forests, blue seas, waterfalls and hidden feelings. With its original ecological environment, spotless fresh air, snow-capped mountains, forests and lakes, it forms a mysterious, fantastic and beautiful natural scenery, showing "natural beauty, natural beauty". Because of its unique original landscape, rich animal and plant resources are known as "fairyland on earth".
culture
The language, costumes and customs of Tibetans here are obviously different from those of their neighbors. According to textual research, their ancestors once lived in Maqu, Gansu Province, and belonged to a powerful tribe at the foot of the Aoni Castle Peak. Songzanganbu stayed by the Baishui River when he marched eastward to Songzhou. According to the biography of Tubo in the Tang Dynasty, during Fan Ye's eastward expedition in the early Tang Dynasty, Songzan Gambu took the brave and skillful Hequ Department as the pioneer, occupied Songzhou in one fell swoop, and the second half of the troops stayed at Gonggangling. They brought the legend of Oro Goddess Mountain and the legend of the birth of the tribe in the primitive meander to Jiuzhaigou. The name of Sedao Mountain in Jiuzhaigou and the legend of Molo Semo both originated from Hequ. Located in Jiuzhaigou County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, northwest Sichuan, at the northern foot of Garna Peak in the southern section of Minshan Mountain, it is a branch ditch at the source of Jialing River in the Yangtze River system, with an altitude of 2000-4300 meters. Jiuzhaigou can travel all year round, especially in autumn. People used to think that Jiuzhaigou could not travel in winter, but with the opening of the tourist highway from Chengdu to Jiuzhaigou, it was discovered that the beauty of Jiuzhaigou in winter was bred in an inner room, and no one knew her. Since 1998 first introduced Jiuzhaigou winter tour, it has become more and more popular every year, especially during the Spring Festival. If you don't book in advance, you can't guarantee the housing of the tourism team at all. Jiuzhaigou has opened four tourist attractions, namely Shuzheng, Rize, Zechawa and Zharu, with a length of more than 60 kilometers. The landscape is distributed in six scenic spots, namely Shuzheng, Nuorilang, Jianyan, Changhai, Zharu and Tianhai, with Sangou 1 18 Sea as the representative, including 12 waterfalls in Wutan, dozens of streams and dozens of springs as the main scenic spots, which together with the 12 peaks in Jiuzhai constitute the natural landscape of alpine valleys. The scenery of the four seasons is charming. There are abundant animal and plant resources, a wide variety, virgin forests all over, and more than ten kinds of rare wild animals such as giant pandas are inhabited. From a distance, it is known as the "beautiful fairy tale world", plus the cultural landscape composed of collectors' wooden buildings, hanging banners, trestles, mills, traditional customs, myths and legends.
Colorful folk customs
Colorful Jiuzhaigou folk customs mainly include: praying for blessings-inviting mountain gods: beautiful Jiuzhaigou.
Inviting mountain gods can be held during the day or at night. The main musical instrument is the cross-strong Y-shaped Mu Cha. After the activity of inviting mountain gods, the villagers will form a circle and laugh and sing all night. In this cultural atmosphere, the circle represents reunion, and with the powerful power of the circle, it embodies the spirit of hard struggle, courage to struggle, unity and mutual assistance of Jiuzhaigou people from generation to generation. On the fifteenth day of the first month of the Tibetan calendar, in order to predict the future of the New Year, almost every stockade will hold a grand event and invite mountain gods. The two girls who invited the mountain gods were determined by the date of birth calculated by the mage according to the astronomical calendar of that year. Welcome the holy water-carry water in the New Year: Tibetan compatriots in Jiuzhaigou have the tradition of carrying water to Haizi on New Year's Eve of Tibetan calendar. When the chickens in each village crow for the first time, people in the village will rush to the water source, burn incense and splash water first, and then bring back the earliest holy water in the New Year for the whole family to drink. Religious prayer-mulberry smoke: Braised mulberry is the most common religious prayer custom of Tibetan people, which has been followed for more than 3,000 years. Mulberry smoke, also known as incense, is often used to make a wish, meaning to let the gods testify. Folk mulberry cigarettes are more about praying for themselves, their families and their friends.
Edit this international ice waterfall festival
China Jiuzhaigou International Ice Waterfall Tourism Festival attracts a large number of domestic and foreign tourists. In this Ice Waterfall Festival, the 2nd Intelligent Scenic Area Forum, Gorgeous Aba 20 1/International Tourism Promotion Conference, Jiuzhai Teana Concert, Winter Rhyme Jiuzhai go on road trip and Lucky Jiuzhai Scenic Area Tibetan Village celebrated the Spring Festival from1to 18. Tourists and friends watch snow scenes, see ice waterfalls, visit Tibetan villages, enjoy folk customs and enjoy visiting Jiuzhaigou in winter. The Ice Waterfall Tourism Festival also set up a sub-venue in Dagu Glacier Scenic Area with the theme of "Ice Paradise, Secret Black Water". The activities include the professional forum of the Snow Mountain Grassland Folk Eco-tourism Resort, the press conference of Dagu Glacier 201Mountain Holiday Tourism, the press conference of the "Snow Paradise, Secret Blackwater" photo contest, and the "Holy and Auspicious Land of the Holy Plateau" Tibetan Village New Year greetings.
Edit the four seasons landscape in this paragraph.
Jiuzhaigou-bonsai beach
The four seasons in Jiuzhaigou are very charming. In spring, the buds are green and the waterfalls are brisk; In summer, the lake is surrounded by greenery, birds fly and swallows dance; In autumn, red leaves spread mountains and colorful forests are everywhere; In winter, the mountains are covered with snow and the ice falls are like jade. Spring: With the arrival of spring, the ice and snow in Jiuzhaigou melt, the spring water overflows and the mountain flowers bloom. The snow in the distant mountains sets off the fairy tale world. Gentle and lazy spring kissed the lake, kissed the spring buds and kissed your natural state of mind ... what a beautiful season and beautiful scenery! Summer: In summer, Jiuzhaigou is shaded by lush trees, and the sound of running water combs colorful Haizi.
Jiuzhaigou autumn scenery (15) is a screen-like waterfall with green branches, which expresses the most wanton passion of the four seasons. The breeze blows the flags, the treetops and your free mood like running water. Autumn: Autumn is the most splendid season in Jiuzhaigou, with colorful red leaves and colorful forests reflected on the bright lake. Colorful falls in the lake and floats between rhymes. The clear sky in the distance is blue and clear, and the most beautiful scenery in nature is full of eyes. Winter: Jiuzhaigou in winter becomes particularly quiet and poetic. The mountains are covered with silver, the waterfalls and lakes are pure and clean, and the ice on the blue lake is changing with wonderful ice patterns in the temperature difference between sunrise and sunset, which is the winter scenery of Jiuzhaigou, a waterfall in Ivylinna Lee.
Intermittent thin water makes refreshing music. Jiuzhai at four o'clock is famous for its scenery. Flowers and plants in spring, waterfalls in summer, red leaves in autumn and snow in winter are all amazing. And all this is in the depths of the plateau far from the world. In that quiet pure land where people can hear their heartbeat, it is indescribable to blend in with the beautiful scenery of spring, summer, autumn and winter.
Edit the main attractions in this section.
Rizegou section
The Ririgou section is 9 kilometers from Nuorilang Waterfall to Jiuzhaigou primeval forest. Jiuzhaigou in this area
There are Pearl Beach Waterfall, Five Flowers Sea, Nuorilang, Gaowaterfall, Panda Sea, Arrow Bamboo Sea, Peacock River, Peacock Sea, Primitive Forest and so on. Among them, Pearl Beach Waterfall, Peacock River, Peacock Sea, High Waterfall and Five Flowers Sea are the most famous. Pearl Beach Waterfall is like a huge crystal bead curtain, hanging down from a steep fault, and placed on the beach where the ball flies and the jade flies. It really feels like "silver flowers roll under your feet and pearls surge in your arms". Gao Waterfall is the highest waterfall in Jiuzhaigou. Standing on the top of the Five Flowers Sea overlooking its bottom, the landscape is wonderful. One side of the lake is green, and the other side is green. The dead trees at the bottom of the lake become clusters of brilliant corals due to calcification, which are colorful and charming under the sunlight. Wuhaihai has the reputation of "the essence of Jiuzhai" and "the best of Jiuzhai". Standing at Tiger Stone, the highest point of the Five Flowers Sea, you can have a panoramic view of the Five Flowers Sea. It is also one of the best scenic spots in Jiuzhaigou. In the autumn, colorful leaves on the surrounding hillside fall into the pool. The perfect combination of reflection, water wave, sunshine and fallen leaves blends the most gorgeous colors in the world in the five seas. Wuhuahai is the pride of Jiuzhaigou. From the tiger's mouth, the color is exaggerated. Has anyone knocked over the treasure chest in Arabic mythology? Exaggerated luxury, or feather clothes made of peacock feathers, can't be taken away, so we have to stuff them in our memories. The underwater color of rhinoceros lake is much quieter, as if nature has entered a state of philosophical thinking. Soft aquatic plants only need to shake a few times, and the blue and green will become infinite mystery; The longest sea with the highest altitude has long been frozen and magnificent. The rapids on the pearl beach break through the ice, and the water is blue, white, green and silver, which is more like the charm of pearls pouring into a plate of jade. The setting sun shines on the Luhai at a lower height, swaying gold everywhere, as if telling an old story. Waterbirds fly from the swamp from time to time. It turns out that the plot in the story will never end.
Shuzheng valley section
Shuzheng Valley is the main ditch, and the main scenic spots are bonsai beach, reed sea, flame sea, Shuzheng waterfall and rhinoceros lake.
Shuzhengqun Sea Shuzhengqun Sea is a terrace group composed of twenty or thirty Haizi, large and small, with a height difference of nearly 100 meters. Green trees such as cypress, pine and fir are densely distributed around the lake. Bonsai Beach is a low-lying shoal in front of Lotus Leaf Village, and the whole scenic spot is like a huge bonsai. The sea of fireworks is magical, and the wind and waves rise, showing "sparks" and strange light, but this scene often appears at sunrise in the morning. Jiuzhaigou Valley
Shuzheng Waterfall, located near Shuzheng Zhaizi, is the first waterfall group in Jiuzhaigou, which is composed of more than 40 Haizi in series, stretching for 7 kilometers, forming multi-level steps. The water of the upper Haizi overflows from the edge of Haizi, forming waterfalls, which are injected into the lower Haizi, and there are as many waterfalls as there are Haizi. The smallest drop is only one or two meters, and the largest can reach 30 meters. Nuorilang Waterfall is a multi-level waterfall. A water curtain with a width of 1.40 meters flies from two mountains and falls down from a hundred-foot cliff, forming a rare forest waterfall. Rhino Lake is the largest Haizi in Shuzheng Valley and the most diverse scenery in Jiuzhaigou. Its inverted image is as unreal as reality, and it is integrated with heaven, earth and wood. Nuorilang Waterfall is characterized by grandeur. With a width of 300 meters and a drop of 20 meters, the waterfall shows a multi-level downward trend and is one of tourists' favorite attractions.
Zechava valley
Chawagou section, from Nuorilang Hotel to Changhaizi, is about17km long. The scenic spots are concentrated at the bottom of the ditch, where there are four seasons sea, colorful pool and long sea. Changhai is 7.5 kilometers long from north to south, 500 meters wide and 80 meters deep. It is the largest sea in Jiuzhaigou. It brings together the southern Xuefeng Snow Mountain and the four water springs. There is no water outlet, and drainage depends on evaporation and underground infiltration. It rains heavily in summer and autumn, and the sea does not overflow the embankment. It does not rain for a long time in winter and spring, and the sea does not dry up. The mountains along the long sea coast are colorful and green. In the dead of winter, it is covered with snow and ice, and the ice is white and white, and the thickness of the ice can reach 2 feet. The upper part of the color pool is blue and the lower part is orange-red, which is as colorful as the five flowers in Rizegou. In the seasonal ocean, water fluctuates with the arrival of the dry season.
Shuzheng scenic spot
It consists of Huohuahai, Wolong Sea, Shuzheng Qunhai and Rhinoceros Lake in the upper section of Shuzheng Valley. Shuzheng Group Sea Scenic Area is the gateway to the beautiful scenery of Jiuzhaigou. The trench of Shuzheng Group is 13.8km long, and there are more than 40 lakes (Haizi), accounting for about 40% of all lakes in Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area. More than 40 lakes, like more than 40 glittering mirrors, extend five or six kilometers along the ditch. The water is sparkling, the blue waves are rippling, birds are singing, reeds are swaying ... Bonsai Sea, Reed Sea, Flame Sea, Wolong Sea, Shuzheng Waterfall and Tiger Sea ... all the way is amazing, all the way is beautiful, all the way is clear, and all the way is Yaochi. The most amazing thing is the "Crystal Palace" at the bottom of Shuzheng Group Sea: 1000 mu of water, which is as deep as 40 to 50 meters. From a distance, it is boundless, but from a close look, it is empty. About ten meters from the water surface, there is a milky yellow calcium carbonate bank in the middle of the lake, like a long dragon across the bottom of the lake. The mountain wind swept across the lake, rippling water waves and watching Wolong curl and creep; The wind is chasing the waves, and the "dragon" seems to be wagging its head and tail, ready to go out. It is a natural wonder in the world, beautiful and a good tourist attraction.
Edit the relevant legend in this paragraph.
Biyang Domingueba, the god in charge of plants and animals, has nine smart, brave, beautiful and kind daughters, who descended from the sky of nine snow peaks and saw snakes and demons poisoning the water, causing people and animals to fall to death. They defeated the snake demon, stayed and married nine Tibetan men to rebuild their homes together. Later, they formed nine tribes and lived in nine villages, so it was called Jiuzhaigou. There is a more legendary story about Haizi in Jiuzhaigou: A long time ago, a male mountain god and a female mountain god, Vanossi, fell in love passionately. The demon snake demon here marveled at the beauty of Sedan, opposed Dago entering the ditch, launched a war to drive Dago away and rob Sedan. In the fierce battle, Sedan was almost captured by the devil. In the panic, the car dropped the precious mirror that Gao gave her, and it broke into more than 100 pieces, which became more than 100 Haizi walking in the ditch. Dago and the snake demon hit the mouth of the ditch from the ditch. Zaizaga, the father of Wanshan, gave a helping hand, blocked the devil's retreat with a cliff as big as a screen, and buried the devil in the cliff with a bang, revealing only an ugly face. The cliff is Baojingyan, formerly known as Devil Rock, and the faces on the cliff are faintly visible. Since then, Jiuzhaigou has been quiet and peaceful, and Baojing has become a colorful Haizi, which is unparalleled in beauty! Jiuzhaigou got its name from this! In the 1970s, a group of lumberjacks accidentally broke into this fairyland and found it. The lumberjacks were merciful and turned this forest into a national forest park. 1982 became the first batch of national key scenic spots and was also listed as a national nature reserve. 1992 is listed in the World Natural Heritage List by UNESCO; 1997 was included in the "man and biosphere" protection network; In 200 1 year, it won the title of "Green Globe 2 1" and became the only tourist attraction in the world to win three international titles.
Edit this guidebook.
climate change
Jiuzhaigou is 1900~3 100 meters above sea level, which belongs to the plateau humid climate, and the top of the mountain is covered with snow all year round. In spring, the temperature is low and varies greatly, and the average temperature is mostly between 9~ 18℃. In summer, the temperature rises and is relatively stable, with an average temperature of 19~22℃. It is cold at night, so it is advisable to prepare a thin sweater. The climate in autumn is pleasant, but the temperature difference between day and night is very large, especially in late autumn after 10 (frozen soil appears in late June of 10). You can wear light clothes during the day and winter clothes at night. It is very cold in winter, and the temperature is mostly below 0℃. Jiuzhaigou has less rainfall, mostly concentrated in July-August. Jiuzhaigou can travel all year round, especially in autumn, and the middle and late period of 10 is the most eye-catching season in Jiuzhaigou. Jiuzhaigou also has its own charm in winter and early summer.
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