How to deal with unexpected events in travel?

When newlyweds travel, sometimes unexpected things happen, or passengers suddenly have accidents. How to deal with them? 1. Collapse mostly occurs in temporary brain hypoxia caused by excessive fatigue or hunger, high temperature and poor ventilation, and can also be caused by excessive mental stress. It is characterized by pale face, sweating, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, and even fainting to the ground.

In this case, the patient should lie flat immediately with his feet slightly higher than his body. Pay attention to keep warm, you can feed warm sugary drinks, smell them with aromatic drugs such as essential balm, and generally return to normal after ten minutes' rest.

2. When an accident happens, you should be calm, calm and act quickly. For example, if a car collides or rolls over, you should be quick. Grasp the grasping part and curl up to protect your head from serious injury. If you survive the injury, you should quickly assume the responsibility of rescue and call the police at the same time. In the rescue, it is necessary to prioritize, and first rescue the critically wounded such as coma, fracture and bleeding.

3. In case of head trauma, the degree of trauma should be judged first, so as to take corresponding measures.

If the injured person is always awake after the injury and can clearly tell the course of a period of time before and after the injury, or even if he is unconscious for less than half an hour, he has no history of vomiting, or the number of vomiting is only 1 ~ 2 times, and there is no headache or only a slight headache, it is a mild injury. Just have a rest and calm down to recover. Otherwise, it is moderate trauma.

If you wake up and fall into a coma again, it is a severe brain injury. Then it must be sent to the nearest hospital for emergency treatment in time. If you find a foreign body inserted into the wound, don't pull it out, because there are many blood vessels and nerves in the skull. When the foreign body is easy to take out, it is easy to break nerves, break blood vessels, or have foreign body residues. Sometimes a foreign body inserted into a blood vessel can temporarily "block the breach" and once it is pulled out, it will cause massive bleeding.

People with bleeding ears, nose, etc. It shouldn't be blocked by things, it should be let out. For the comatose wounded, it is absolutely forbidden to shout or shake, minimize the activities of the wounded, and it is forbidden to sit up and walk. During transportation, the head should be fixed and protected by special personnel to avoid the head shaking with the body.

4. Abdominal trauma Abdominal trauma can be a common soft tissue contusion or a fatal visceral rupture or perforation. Therefore, when abdominal trauma occurs, it must not be taken lightly. Abdominal injury can be divided into two types: open (with wound) and closed (without wound). The former is mostly caused by sharp weapons and firearms, while the latter is mostly caused by blunt violence such as squeezing and collision. Because of closed injury, it is difficult for people to know whether there is abdominal organ injury, so it is often ignored, leading to serious consequences. Therefore, closed abdominal injury has greater potential danger and should attract the attention of the injured.

Generally speaking, the abnormalities of abdominal organ injury include: accelerated pulse, adult pulse rate higher than 90 beats/min, and weak pulse beating. Adults have a respiratory rate of more than 20 beats per minute, pale face, cold limbs, cold sweat, nausea and vomiting. Abdomen, waist and back continue to have severe pain, abdominal tenderness is obvious, and the abdominal wall is as tight as a plate. Dysuria, hematuria, vulvar or perineal pain. Abdominal visceral injury is not edible, so you should go to the nearest hospital for observation and treatment as soon as possible.

5. Stomach perforation due to irregular diet during travel, and overeating after excessive hunger; Excessive fatigue caused by high spirits, excessive tension and excessive excitement often induces acute perforation of gastric ulcer. Some patients have a long history of stomach trouble, and some patients have never had stomach trouble and have a sudden onset. Before the perforation of stomach or duodenum occurs, stomach discomfort, abdominal pain under xiphoid process (heart socket) often occurs, and then sudden intense pain like cutting pain under xiphoid process quickly spreads to the whole abdomen, with unbearable pain, pale face, cold sweat and cold limbs. In this case, you should go to the hospital immediately.

Prevention and treatment of tourist diseases When newlyweds enjoy the beautiful scenery together, don't forget to prevent various tourist diseases.

1. Ultraviolet radiation sickness is caused by the damage of ultraviolet rays in sunlight to human skin. Although ultraviolet light only accounts for 2 ~ 3% of sunlight reaching the ground, it is the "culprit" in terms of the harm of sunlight to human body. According to scientists' research, 290 ~ 320 nm UVB can cause skin sunburn (solar dermatitis); 320 ~ 400 nm long-wave ultraviolet rays can make skin tan (increase pigment) and cause freckles. Ultraviolet radiation can also inhibit the human immune system and make the potential virus infection recur. Especially in recent years, due to the increasingly serious air pollution, the atmospheric ozone layer that prevents ultraviolet radiation has been destroyed, and human health has been seriously threatened. It is estimated that every time ozone decreases 10%, ultraviolet radiation will increase by 20%, so the incidence of skin cancer will increase by 20% and cataract will increase by 6%.

To prevent heatstroke and ultraviolet radiation sickness, first, arrange the travel time reasonably and try to avoid going out at noon (especially at 1 1-3 pm); Don't travel in the wild in hot and windless weather; Second, try to wear light and thin clothes. It is best to wear loose and sweat-absorbing long-sleeved clothes; Third, wear straw hats or other protective hats under the scorching sun. Protect your eyes. Wear sunglasses; Fourth, bring enough cool drinks or boiled water, drink more cool drinks containing salt and water-soluble vitamins when sweating, and keep the balance of water and salt metabolism; Fifth, summer travel should not be too much exercise. It is necessary to take more breaks and take some Ren Dan and ten drops of water with you in case of emergency. Sixth, travel as little as possible and get less sunshine. Because people are exposed to too much sunlight, it will accelerate skin aging.

In hot summer, people are willing to travel in the mountains. For example. Huangshan, Lushan and Taishan. They are all good places to travel in summer. Because every time the altitude rises 100 meters in summer, the temperature will drop by about 0.6℃. For example, Huangshan Mountain, with an altitude of 184 1 m, has an average monthly temperature of only 20.5℃, while Tunxi, located at the foot of Huangshan Mountain, has an average temperature of 33.8℃ in July. The highest temperature in Huangshan is only 27. 1℃, which is really cool! Nevertheless, not everyone can travel to mountainous areas or plateaus, and some people are prone to "mountain tourism diseases". It is characterized by headache, rapid pulse and shortness of breath. This is because with the elevation. Air pressure, air temperature, water pressure and oxygen partial pressure will be greatly reduced, which is caused by people's temporary discomfort to the alpine climate. Therefore, before you travel to the mountainous area, you must have a serious physical examination. Suffering from severe cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, severe hypertension and hypotension, liver disease and abnormal liver function. Patients with severe asthma, emphysema, acute otitis media and pregnant women. It is best not to travel in the mountains.

3. Pollen allergy is mostly caused by pollen from various trees, Artemisia or other plants. Usually manifested in the respiratory tract and eyes. This disease is often accompanied by stuffy nose, runny nose, sneezing, itchy nose, itchy eyes and itchy whole body. Symptoms are similar to bronchial asthma; In severe cases, there will be chest tightness and breathlessness. If not treated in time, emphysema and pulmonary heart disease may be complicated.

Spring and autumn are the golden seasons of tourism and the peak of pollen allergy. Therefore, people with allergies had better not choose to travel in these two seasons, let alone touch some flowers casually. Especially don't choose windy days to travel, because the wind will accelerate the spread of pollen. As long as the wind speed reaches 2 ~ 3 m/s, the fallen pollen can be raised again, aggravating the disease. If you need to go out. Desensitization drugs, such as diphenhydramine and chlorpheniramine, should be prepared.

4. Meteorological allergy Modern medical meteorology regards meteorological factors as one of the main conditions of life. In the process of historical evolution, human beings have acquired considerable ability to adapt to the meteorological environment. However, the adaptability of human beings to meteorological conditions is also limited. Exceeding this limit will lead to physical discomfort, which is called "meteorological allergy". The initial symptoms mainly include headache, nausea, insomnia and irritability. For example, if the temperature exceeds 35℃ in summer and is lower than -30℃ in winter (depending on the average temperature in different seasons), it is easy to cause meteorological allergies. Traveling abroad is greatly influenced and interfered by various meteorological factors in nature, which is more likely to cause meteorological allergies. To prevent meteorological allergies, pay attention to listening to the weather forecast before going out, and reasonably increase or decrease clothes according to weather changes to prevent diseases caused by sudden climate change. In addition, patients with hypertension should try not to go to oxygen-deficient mountainous areas, and patients with rheumatism should not travel in the forest to avoid aggravating their illness.

5. Travel Sleep Disorder Some young people like to sleep outdoors in summer and autumn to cool off. As a result, I woke up the next day with either headache or dizziness, or abdominal pain, diarrhea, sore limbs and general malaise. It not only affects the interest in tourism, but also may cause new diseases. This is because when the human body is sleeping, the whole body is in a relaxed state and its disease resistance is reduced. The deeper the night, the lower the temperature, the greater the temperature difference between the human body and the outside world, and the invasion of "thief wind" (cool wind blowing suddenly in autumn), it is easy to suffer from "travel sleeping sickness".

The best way to prevent sleeping in the wild is not to sleep in the wild. If you really can't find a place to live, or if you can't move easily, you should also set up a simple tent. To prevent cold dew from invading the body. The sleeping place should be dry, ventilated and flat. Camping in the mountains, it is best to choose the southeast slope, because it is not only sheltered from the wind, but also can see the sun as early as in the morning. When laying the floor, you can find some hay and pine branches as "mattresses", which can prevent moisture and relieve fatigue.

6. Coastal tourism diseases Due to the large heat capacity of seawater, the temperature rises slowly in summer, so the water temperature and temperature are lower than those on land, especially during the day. Take Dalian and Qingdao as examples. The hottest in Dalian is in August, and the highest temperature in the afternoon is 27.0℃ on average, which is 4.9℃ lower than that in Baoding, inland. Located in the inland of Jinan. The average maximum temperature in the afternoon in the hottest July is 32. 1℃, which is 3.6℃ higher than the 28.5℃ in the hottest season in Qingdao (August). Therefore, the coastal climate is mild and sunny, which is a good place for summer vacation. However, the seaside air is humid, and the sodium ion content in the air is high. Those who suffer from acute rheumatism, diabetes, hyperthyroidism and exudative pleurisy should not travel to the seaside, otherwise they will aggravate their illness and suffer from "seaside tourism disease".

7. Cave tourism is also cool underground in summer. That's why people are willing to travel in caves. For example, the reed flute cave Cave in Guilin, Guangxi, is more than 0/00 meters from the ground, and the annual temperature is close to 20℃. At the high temperature of 35℃ outside the hole, if you enter the hole too fast, your skin will get goose bumps! Near the entrance of Qixing Cave in Guilin, people are reluctant to leave because there is a sudden chill at the entrance. It's cool in the cave, but not all caves can be entered casually. Some inaccessible caves, ancient pagodas in the wilderness, abandoned wells. It has been deserted for many years, cold and humid. Over time, all kinds of bacteria and viruses will breed and tourists will be infected. Moreover, these places are often haunted by poisonous snakes and bats, which is not safe enough. Therefore, when traveling abroad, don't go into the cave casually, but investigate clearly. To avoid injury.