Five great histories

1. Five Mountains are the general name of five famous mountains with a long history, among which Huashan Mountain, the first mountain in the world, is called "Xiyue" in ancient times and is one of the famous five mountains in China. Huashan Mountain is located in huayin city, Weinan City, Shaanxi Province, 20 kilometers east of xi City/KLOC-0, with Qinling Mountains in the south and a bird's eye view in the north. It is also a god widely worshipped by Han people, that is, Xiyue Huashan. Up to 20 13, Huashan has 72 semi-suspended caves and more than 20 Taoist temples, among which Yuquanyuan Temple, Dulong Temple, Presiding Hall and Yue Zhen Palace are listed as national key Taoist temples. Huashan Mountain was announced by the State Council as the first batch of national key scenic spots in 1982. 199 1 was rated as one of the top 40 tourist attractions by the National Tourism Administration; 1999 was named as the demonstration site of the national civilized scenic tourist area by the National Civilization Committee, the Ministry of Construction and the Tourism Bureau; In 2004, it was rated as the top ten famous mountains in China; 20 10 was rated as AAAAA-level scenic spot by National Tourism Administration. Huashan Mountain is also one of the nine scenic spots in China. Huashan Scenic Area is located in the east of China (also known as Chaoyang Peak), and Chaoyang Terrace is the best place. Huashan Mountain is also a Taoist resort and the "fourth cave", with famous Taoist experts such as Chen Tuan, Hao Datong and He Yuanxi. The mountains are majestic and the peaks are prominent, with the Yellow River in front and the Yellow River behind. Huashan Mountain is famous for its precipitousness and magic. Xiyue Mountain, also known as Taihua Mountain in ancient times, is one of the famous five mountains in China. Huashan Mountain is located in Huayin County, Shaanxi Province, about120km east of xi City. It rises from the ground and stands on the Weihe Plain. It's like a big stone that has been chiseled with knives and axes on all sides. This mountain is magnificent, with a towering peak. Known as "the first mountain in the world", Huashan is divided into five peaks in the southeast and northwest, which are compact and concentrated, and shine at dusk. Looking from a distance, it looks like a five-petal lotus in full bloom, flying all over the sky, and it is beautiful. In ancient times, "flowers" and "flowers" were common, hence the name Huashan. The east peak is called Chaoyang Peak, the south peak is called Luo Yanfeng, the west peak is called Lotus Peak, and the north peak is called Wu Yun Peak. Temples, historical sites and natural wonders can be seen everywhere. Many monks lived here in seclusion in the past dynasties. There are many poems and lettering on the mountain and under the cliff. There are many strange cliffs on the mountain, and there are strange peaks and rocks everywhere, which look like people and things. There are many well-known myths and legends, which are even more fascinating. There is only a steep road to Huashan. People often use "Huashan Mountain from ancient times" to describe its dangers. Climbing Huashan Mountain must start from Yuquan source, follow the clear and cool mountain spring, pass Wuliguan, Shimen, Shaluoping, Maonv Cave and Yunmen, and reach Qingkeping. The scenery here is quiet, and there are green flowers on both sides of the canyon. I hope you can adopt it.

2. Han nationality among the five major ethnic groups in history. From about 5000 BC, the Huaxia nationality, the main body of the Han nationality today, originated in the Yellow River valley and began to develop gradually. It entered the Neolithic Age and went through matriarchal clan commune and paternal clan commune. In 2700 BC, there was a tribe named Ji in central Shaanxi, whose leader was Huangdi, and there was a tribe named Jiang in the south, whose leader was. Friction often occurs between the two sides. The battle of Hanquan finally broke out between the two tribes, and Huangdi defeated Yandi. After that, the two tribes formed an alliance and captured the surrounding tribes, and the predecessor of Huaxia Kingdom was born. According to the legend recorded in the pre-Qin literature, the ancestors of the Han nationality lived in the Xia, Shang and Shang dynasties, and the ancestors of the Han nationality generally lived in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River from Longshan in the west to Taishan in the east. Yangshao culture and Longshan culture are two Neolithic cultures mainly distributed in this area, which are generally considered as the cultural remains of Han ancestors.

Ancient legends also describe that Han ancestors experienced a long era of primitive commune system. Before the Yellow Emperor, there was a matriarchal clan tribe that "Anemarrhena denied his father" (see matriarchal clan system); The legend about the Yellow Emperor marks the change from matriarchal clan tribe to paternal clan tribe (see paternal clan system) and enters the stage of tribal alliance.

Legend has it that Yao, Shun and Yu, who successively served as leaders of the big tribal alliance after the Yellow Emperor in the 2nd/Kloc-0th century BC, were considered descendants of the Yellow Emperor. The era of primitive commune system in the Central Plains has come to the end of history, and class society has appeared on the land in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. After the 20th century BC, Xia (about 2 1 century BC ~ 65438+6th century BC), Shang (about 65438+6th century BC ~ 1 century BC) and Western Zhou (about 165438 BC).

First of all, swim between the Yellow River and its tributaries Wei, Fen, Yi and Luo, and between Ru and Ying, tributaries of Huaihe River; Then it developed to the vast areas of Huaihe River, Surabaya, Yangtze River and Hanshui River. There were clan names in the Western Zhou Dynasty, which were called Huaxia, Xia or Huaxia, to distinguish them from barbarians, Yi, Rong and Di.

But at this time, the distinction between China and foreigners is not very strict. During the Spring and Autumn Period (770~ 476 BC), China people's concept of nobility and inferiority was already very strong. At that time, the standards, race and culture that distinguished China from barbarians were highly valued, and culture was especially the primary factor.

Due to etiquette, customs, clothing and other factors, China people and foreigners can often switch places with each other. Qin and Chu are not only as famous as Qi, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei, but also the two most powerful governors in China.

The seven chivalrous men joined forces with Lian Heng to fight together, but the ethnic groups were the same, forming the trend of summer reunification; So Huaxia has become a stable ethnic group, and its distribution area has reached the middle and lower reaches of Liaohe River in Northeast China, Taohe River Basin in Northwest China, Bashu and central Guizhou in Southwest China, Hunan and wuyue in Southeast China. Qin Shihuang unified China and established the Qin Dynasty, followed by the Han Dynasty, which ruled China for more than 400 years. During this period, the territory of China expanded unprecedentedly. At this time, the distribution of Han population is still concentrated in the Yellow River and Huaihe River basins. Since the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, the Han population has gradually migrated to the Yangtze River, the Pearl River and the southeast of China on a large scale. From the Western Jin Dynasty to the Sui Dynasty, the Han population entered Central Asia and Yunnan.

By the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the population of Han nationality in the south had surpassed that in the north, and Manchu people prohibited * * * from entering the northeast. In the late Qing Dynasty, in order to enrich the frontier, Han people were allowed to enter the northeast of China. During Zhang's rule in Northeast China, a large number of Shandong Han people were introduced. From the Ming Dynasty, the Han nationality began to immigrate to Southeast Asia sporadically, and from the19th century, the Han nationality immigrated to Europe, North America and other places. Mongolia, Mongolians call themselves "Mongolia".

The name "Mongolia" was recorded earlier in China's Book of Old Tang Dynasty and Records of the Kingdom of Qidan, meaning "eternal fire". Nickname: "Man on horseback".

The Mongolians originated in Huel Gong Valley and were called "Wumeng Stone Committee" and "Mongolia" in history. Mongolian is one of the main ethnic groups in Northeast Asia and also the main ethnic group in Outer Mongolia.

Except Mongolia, the Mongolian population is mainly concentrated in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of People's Republic of China (PRC), Xinjiang Autonomous Region and its neighboring provinces and the Russian Federation. There are about10 million Mongolians in the world, and the language is Mongolian.

More than half of them live in China. Located in the southwest of Russia are Kalmyks.

"Mongolia" was originally just a tribal name among Mongolian tribes. /kloc-At the beginning of the 3rd century, the Mongolian Ministry headed by Genghis Khan unified all Mongolian ministries, and gradually formed a new national identity, and "Mongolia" changed from the original tribal name to the national name.

Eight Banners Mongolia 1635, named Inner Mongolia after the surrender of the tribes in Saibei. At this time, outer Mongolia was ruled by Gurkha (the general name of three tribes), with a vast territory and a sparse population.

1660, the descendants of the Turkic people (captured alive during Ming Yingzong's civil war) set up a Mongolian Zhungeer division in the west of the desert and attacked outer Mongolia under the leadership of Grdan Khan. The three tribes in Kerkha were completely defeated.

Urgent discussion on the strategy of saving the country. There are two roads ahead, one is to surrender to Russia, and the other is to join China.

Cullen Living Buddha (Lamaism, with the same belief as Qing Dynasty) made a decision that influenced future generations for hundreds or even thousands of years and joined China. He said: "Russia does not believe in Buddhism and its clothes are strange.

China is a bustling scene, and also believes in Buddhism, with endless treasures and exquisite silk. Depending on them, life must be happy (pay attention to these two reasons, which shows the great attraction of China to the outside world. Although hundreds of years have passed, the beauty and richness of the south of the Yangtze River still make Outer Mongolia in the cold desert have infinite yearning, and the living Buddha of Kulun has a close personal relationship with Michelle Ye.

Finally, outer Mongolia volunteered to join the party, and the Qing court paid for it and sent elite troops to help defend it. 1696, Grdan Khan was defeated by the three armies of the Qing army, and his wife, Queen Anu, died in armour. The following year, Gordan committed suicide by taking poison.

Since then, more than 654.38+08,000 square kilometers in the north have been incorporated into the territory of China. Eight Banners Mongolia was formed by social organizations: Eight Banners Mongolia sprouted in 162 1, was founded in 1633 and completed in 1635.

They belong to the same social organization form as the Eight Banners Manchuria and the Eight Banners Han Army. Eight Banners Mongolia is a form of military organization: Eight Banners Mongolia, Eight Banners Manchuria and Eight Banners Han Army are three important components of the Eight Banners Organization in Qing Dynasty. They were pro-Manchu troops, and their basic function should be a military organization.

The setting of Mongolian league flag is different from that of Eight Banners Mongolia: Huang Taiji extended the setting of "flag" to the whole Mongolian region, and then formed "League". Mongolia's "League" and "Banner" organizational system is different from that of Eight Banners Mongolia.

3. Do any of you know that five historical countries and four ancient civilizations are all from China, but there is no such thing in the west?

The five ancient civilizations have the following statements:

Ancient China, ancient Egypt, ancient India, ancient Babylon, ancient Mexico (Maya).

Ancient China, ancient Egypt, ancient India, ancient Babylon, ancient Greece.

Ancient China, ancient Egypt, ancient India, ancient Babylon, ancient Inca.

But the calendar is one of the most important symbols in the history of human civilization.

In ancient times, the calendar was the main symbol of civilization.

The five ancient civilizations in the world: ancient China, ancient Egypt, ancient India, ancient Babylon and ancient Mexico are all famous for their calendars.

The ancient Egyptian solar calendar originated around 4000 BC. The solar calendar of Babylon originated in the middle of 4000 BC. The Mayan solar calendar in ancient Mexico originated more than 3 100 BC. The lunar calendar in ancient India originated around 2500 BC; The ancient lunar calendar in China originated from about 2 100 BC.

Therefore, the five ancient countries should be a group including ancient Mexico.

However, the birthplace of the five major civilizations in the world is relatively clear:

Nile Valley in North Africa, Two Rivers Valley in West Asia, Indus Valley in South Asia, Yellow River Valley in China and Aegean Islands in Europe.

4. The history of the five great families If you ask the five great families in ancient China, Fan Yang Lu, Boling Cui Shi, Zhao, Xingyang Zheng and Taiyuan Wang are also called the five great families in China.

Fanyang Lushi

After the Qi Dynasty, beggars' gangs scattered in the north. In the Qin Dynasty, the doctor settled in Zhuoxian (now Zhuoxian, Hebei), and his descendants stayed here, called Zhuoxian Gai. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, Lu Wan, the grandson of Gaiao, fought against the Qin Dynasty with Emperor Gaozu, and was made a prince for his work, and his country was also sealed in Zhuojun County. During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuoxian was under the jurisdiction of Wei State, renamed Fanyang County, and the county ruled Zhuoxian (that is, Zhuoxian was ruled in the old days, now Zhuoxian in Hebei Province). From then on, the Gai family was also called Lushi, and "john young" became the largest county name of the Gai family. Although there are many sources of beggar's surname, only Fanyang beggar's surname stands out in the development. Therefore, there is even an absolute tendency, that is, "what you say will be called john young".

Boling Cui Shi

During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Cui Yiru, a descendant of Ji Zi, was appointed as a doctor of Qin State (now Xianyang, Shaanxi Province), and was later named in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Cui Ye attacked Jue in Han Dynasty and lived in Qinghe River. Cui Zhongmou, the younger brother of Cui Ye, lives in Anping, Boling, and is later divided into three tribes: Boling bungalow, Boling mansion, Boling second house and Boling third house. This is the beginning of Boling Cui Shi.

After the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cui Shi in Boling and Cui Shi in Qinghe were both prominent families in Shandong. In the Western Jin Dynasty, they paid attention to aristocratic families, and Cui Shi was listed as the first-class surname "King Cui".

During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Cui Shi in Boling was the first family. In the early years of the Tang Dynasty, Cui Shi accounted for two of the top five surnames in China, namely Cui Shi in Boling and Cui Shi in Qinghe.

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Also known as Lee in Longxi: Li Chong was the earliest county magistrate in Longxi County in Qin Dynasty, and later generations respectfully called him the ancestor of Lee in Longxi. Li became a famous family in Longxi, which was jointly created by three generations: the second son Yao was the head of Nanjun County and was named Di Daohou; His Sun Xin was a general and was named Hou of Longxi. During the Han Dynasty, Li in Longxi produced two important figures: Li Guang, a flying general, and his younger brother. Li Liling's defeat was captured by Xiongnu, which made Li's reputation in Longxi County decline. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, Li in Longxi rose in troubled times, and Li Gui, the king of Xiliang, was the first emperor of Li. By the Sui Dynasty, Lee in Longxi was already an aristocratic family in power in the ruling and opposition. Li Yuan in Longxi destroyed the Sui Dynasty and established the Tang Dynasty, taking Li as the country's surname. In the Tang Dynasty, Li in Longxi surpassed Li in Zhao County. Tang Taizong compiled Genealogy, which placed Li at the top of all the gentry's surnames, and even gave the hero the surname Li. Since then, the Li family in Longxi has developed from a family linked by blood to a huge family with multiple integration. The Tang Dynasty surname spectrum contains "Fan Liwang thirteen times, headed by Longxi."

Xingyang Zheng Shi

China was a famous northern clan from the Han Dynasty to the Sui and Tang Dynasties. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, it was once known as four major families with john young Lushi, Qinghe Cui Shi and Taiyuan Wang.

Zheng's ancestors in Xingyang can be traced back to Zheng, when Zheng was enfeoffed. After the empire was destroyed, Zheng was still the surname and Xingyang, his hometown, was the county. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zheng Hun, Zheng Tai and others of the Zheng family began to develop into famous families. After changing into the Tang Dynasty, Zheng was still a noble family, but its influence gradually declined due to the implementation of the imperial examination system, but it was still the most prominent one in the world.

Tai Wang yuan Shi

Wang's ancestor was the 42nd generation descendant of the Yellow Emperor in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. Real name, and our prince is called the golden prince. He was born in about 565 BC and died in 549 BC.

Zhou Lingwang reigned for twenty-seven years and was a mediocre emperor in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. However, Prince Jin has an excellent reputation, gentle and honest, intelligent and knowledgeable. At the age of fifteen, he began to assist the court affairs as a prince. Shi Kuang was a famous musician in the Spring and Autumn Period. Jin Ping sent him to the King of Jin to discuss the virtue of a gentleman with him. The King of Jin contacted Shun, Yu,, and vividly expounded his own understanding, which completely convinced those who had persuaded to govern the country with "benevolence and righteousness".

After the death of Prince Jin, his son later became Stuart. He felt that the Zhou royal family was in decline and the world was in chaos, so he resigned and fled to live in Taiyuan. Because they are kings, people call them "kings". So Wang was named as the surname and Jin Wang as the ancestor, and Wang of Taiyuan was founded. After Jing Zong's death, he was buried in the north of Jinyang City, known as "Situ's Tomb".

The five ancient capitals of China are Beijing, Nanjing, Xi, Luoyang and Kaifeng.

1, Xi 'an, Capital Dynasty: Western Zhou Dynasty, Qin Dynasty, Western Han Dynasty, Xin Mang, Restart, Chimei Dynasty, Eastern Han Dynasty (early), Western Jin Dynasty (Yu), former Zhao Dynasty, former Qin Dynasty, later Qin Dynasty, Xiyan (one month), Eastern Wei Dynasty, Northern Zhou Dynasty, Sui Dynasty and Tang Dynasty. ?

2. Dynasties that established or moved the capital to Luoyang: Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Wei, Western Jin Dynasty, Northern Wei Dynasty (after 493), Sui Dynasty (after Yang Di), Wu Zhou Dynasty, Hou Liang and Late Tang Dynasty.

3. Beijing, the dynasty that established its capital or moved its capital here: Liao (1 125), Jin (the queen of Hailing in the middle period), Yuan, Ming (after the founding of our ancestors) and the ancient capital of the Qing and Five Dynasties.

4. Nanjing, the regime that established its capital or moved its capital here: the ancient capital of Eastern Jin, Song, Qi, Liang, Chen and Ming.

5. Kaifeng, the regime that established its capital or moved its capital here: Xia (Empress Emperor), warlord Qi, Warring States Wei (after 364 BC), Hou Jin, Liao (three months after Emperor Taizong of Liao Dynasty), Hou Han, Hou Zhou, Northern Song Dynasty, Zhang Chu (one month) and Liu Qijin (Hailing Wang and Xuanzong moved south.

Extended data:

The site selection conditions of China's capital cities in past dynasties are as follows: sufficient water sources can meet the demand of production and living water; The regional economy is prosperous and the transportation is convenient, mostly located in plains and basins; It has a geographical advantage that can be prevented and attacked. For example, An has the prosperity of "the thoroughfare of the four passes is endless, the golden city is thousands of miles away, and the land of abundance", Nanjing has the trend of "the dragon is surrounded by tigers", Luoyang has the reputation of "the mountains and rivers are the best in the world", and Gyeonggi has the shape of "backed by the sea" and so on.

China's ancient capital construction has detailed overall planning and construction laws, which can be summarized as "Seize the day" and "Land and water depend on the county". The country of the son of heaven should be "Fang Jiuli", "Beside the Three Gates", "Gully Trees", "The former dynasty has a city view", "Zuo Zu You She", "Jiu Jing Jiu Wei" and "Jing Jiu Track". This series of requirements is the embodiment of the "ritual system" which has played an important role in the history of China for a long time.

According to these requirements, the capital is generally characterized by rigorous founder, left-right symmetry and checkerboard layout. The emperor lived in the palace, far away from the city, quiet and safe, enough to reflect the emperor's dignity and the desire to unify the world. Business concentration, easy to trade; Ordinary people live in the alley, which is quiet and convenient for public security management.

For example, the ancient city of Beijing has a solemn and straight central axis, with upright and symmetrical blocks on both sides of the central axis, and layers of Forbidden City palaces in the middle of the city. The whole of Beijing is like a complete and harmonious work of art, with neat structure, distinct levels, orderly layout and balanced design. The chessboard-shaped block is particularly simple, complete and harmonious, and there are a large number of convenient and comfortable traditional residential quadrangles and quiet and beautiful hutongs with ancient history.

Beijing, an ancient capital, is called "one of the wonders of the world, an outstanding monument and the pinnacle of great civilization" by Danish urban planner S E R Hewson. American urban expert E Bacon called it "the greatest single project of mankind on the earth's surface".

Sogou encyclopedia-five ancient capitals

6. What are the five ancient capitals of China? They include: Beijing, Nanjing, Xi, Luoyang and Kaifeng.

Beijing

The capital of China, the national political center and cultural center, is a city with a long history, splendid culture and glorious revolutionary tradition. Beijing is one of the birthplaces of human civilization. As far back as 690,000 years ago, "Beijingers", the ancient ancestor of the Chinese nation, once thrived in Zhoukoudian area in the southwest suburb of China. In the late Paleolithic period about 18000 years ago, "Neanderthals" also lived here. Archaeological findings show that the Neolithic culture in Beijing has the characteristics of Yangshao and Longshan culture in the Central Plains and Hongshan Culture in the Northeast. About four or five thousand years ago, Beijing had a fixed settlement. Yan in the Warring States Period, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties all established their capitals in Beijing. In the early years of the Republic of China, Beijing was still the capital and was called the capital. 1928 was renamed as Beiping Special City. 1949 became the capital of People's Republic of China (PRC). Important historical and cultural sites include: the Forbidden City, the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Yuanmingyuan, the Temple of Heaven, Tiananmen Square, the Ming Tombs, Zhoukoudian ape-man site and so on.

Nanjing

The capital of Jiangsu Province, known as the "ancient capital of the Six Dynasties", takes the Ten Dynasties as its capital, also known as the "city of the Ten Dynasties". Nanjing, known as Juwu in ancient times, belonged to the fief of Zhang Zhou, a doctor of the Western Zhou Dynasty. In 229 AD, Sun Wu moved the capital from Wuchang to Nanjing (called Jianye). Since then, the capital Nanjing has been established, with a circumference of more than ten kilometers. Since then, the Song, Qi, Liang, Chen and Southern Tang Dynasties in the Eastern Jin Dynasty have all made Nanjing their capital (called Jianye and Jiankang). 1368, when Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor, it was renamed Nanjing, and Nanjing became the unified political center of the country for the first time. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Nanjing City and the majestic Miyagi were established here, called Yingtianfu. In the early Qing Dynasty, Yingtianfu was changed to jiangning house. 1853, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom conquered Nanjing and established its capital here, which was called Tianjing. After the Revolution of 1911, the Republic of China was temporarily established here on 19 12 and renamed Nanjing. 1949 Nanjing liberation. Famous historical and cultural sites in Nanjing include Confucius Temple, Ming Palace, Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, Zhonghua Gate, Guling Pagoda, Ming Mausoleum and Presidential Palace.

Xi'an

The capital of Shaanxi Province. The largest city in the five northwestern provinces, it is also the ancient capital with the largest number of dynasties and the longest history of imperial capital among the six ancient capitals in China. Xi is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation. As far back as 500,000 to 600,000 years ago, the ancestors of the Paleolithic "Lantian Ape Man" and the Neolithic "Banpo, Jiangzhai" lived in the basins of Feng, Wei, Yi and Ba. Lantian Man Site, banpo village and Jiangzhai are all located here. Banpo village site and Jiangzhai site belong to Yangshao culture and Longshan culture about 5,000 years ago. In the history of our country, there have been 13 dynasties, namely, Western Zhou Dynasty, Qin Dynasty, Western Han Dynasty, Xin Mang, Western Jin Dynasty, Former Zhao Dynasty, Former Qin Dynasty, Later Qin Dynasty, Western Wei Dynasty, Northern Zhou Dynasty, Sui Dynasty and Tang Dynasty, which established their capitals in Xi 'an for more than a thousand years, among which the unified Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang Dynasties had the greatest influence in the history of Xi 'an city. The famous historical and cultural sites in Xi are: Big Wild Goose Pagoda, Little Wild Goose Pagoda, Terracotta Warriors and Horses, Mausoleum of the First Qin Dynasty, Chang 'an City of Han Dynasty, Daming Palace, Fenghao Palace, Epang Palace, Lantian People's Site, Huaqingchi, Bell Tower, Drum Tower and Turret Building.

Luoyang

The ancient capital of the Nine Dynasties is one of the birthplaces of China's history and culture. Six or seven thousand years ago, Luoyang had developed into a matriarchal clan society, and the famous Yangshao culture was first discovered in Yangshao village in the northwest of Luoyang. Luoyang was once the capital of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Cao Wei Dynasty, the Wu Zhou Dynasty, the Western Jin Dynasty, the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Later Liang Dynasty, the Later Tang Dynasty and the Later Jin Dynasty. Luoyang is the capital of nine dynasties in the past thousand years, second only to Xi 'an. Famous cultural relics include Longmen Grottoes, Yangshao Site, Baima Temple, Luoyang City Site of Han and Wei Dynasties, and Guangwudi Mausoleum.

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There are many places of interest in the Seven Dynasties. In 364 BC, Wei Huiwang moved its capital from Anyi (now Shaanxi Province) to Kaifeng (now Daliang), and the history of Kaifeng as the capital began. During the Five Dynasties, Hou Liang, Hou Jin, Hou Han and Hou Zhou successively settled here for 40 years. In 960, Zhao Kuangyin established the Northern Song Dynasty with Kaifeng as its capital, which lasted 168 years. Known as Tokyo, Kaifeng has become the national political, economic, cultural and military center, which is the heyday in Kaifeng history. In the Song Dynasty, Tokyo, with a population of over one million, was the most prosperous city in the world at that time. When he was in Song Huizong, Zhang Zeduan's famous painting The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival vividly described the bustling scene of Kaifeng at that time. Later, Kaifeng was once the capital of Jin, and it was renamed Bianjing, which lasted for 20 years. The famous historical and cultural sites in Kaifeng are: Daxiong Hall, Cangjie Tomb, Iron Tower, Suoguo Temple, Yuwangtai, Long Ting and Yuefei Temple.

7. What are the four, five, six, seven and eight in the ancient capital of China? 1920s, China academic circles began to say that the famous ancient capital of China was "a great ancient capital", and there were also several ancient capitals. "Four ancient capitals" is the earliest saying, namely Xi, Luoyang, Nanjing and Beijing. Later, the term "five ancient capitals" was formally formed, including Xi, Luoyang, Nanjing, Beijing and Kaifeng. /kloc-in the 1930 s, six ancient capitals began to say that Hangzhou was included in the list of ancient capitals, which had a great influence. 1988, the geographer Tan Qixiang proposed Anyang as the ancient capital. Later, Anyang was recognized as the seventh ancient capital, so it was called "the seven ancient capitals". On June 5, 2004, Zhu, president of China Ancient Capital Society, announced that Zhengzhou, the ancient capital, was called the eight ancient capitals of China together with the seven ancient capitals of Luoyang, Nanjing, Beijing, Kaifeng, Hangzhou and An. Among them, "six ancient capitals" and "seven ancient capitals" are the most popular expressions. I hope you can adopt it.

Satisfied, please adopt.

8. Five historical sites in China 1. The Great Wall in China is the greatest construction project in the history of human civilization. It was built more than 2,000 years ago during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. After the Qin Dynasty unified China, it was connected by the Great Wall of Wan Li.

Large-scale construction in hamming period. The vastness of its project and the grandeur of its momentum can be called a miracle of the world.

As time went on, things changed. Now, when you climb the ruins of the former Great Wall, you can not only witness the majestic posture of the Great Wall among the mountains, but also appreciate the great wisdom and courage of the Chinese nation in creating history. 2. The pit of Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang is located in the south of Xiyang Village, 6 kilometers east of Lintong District, Xi City, at the west of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum 1225 meters. It is the largest group of burial pits in the mausoleum of Qin Shihuang, and the huge Terracotta Warriors buried in the pits are the epitome of the powerful army of the Qin Dynasty.

All kinds of unearthed pottery figurines are divided into general figurines, military attache figurines and warrior figurines according to their identities. Their costumes, crowns and gods are different and varied, and thousands of figurines do not have the same face. It fully embodies the wisdom of the ancient working people in China and the great creation in the history of ancient civilization in China, and is deeply loved by people all over the world. Known as "the eighth wonder of the world", it is the greatest discovery in the archaeological history of the 20th century, and has been listed in the World Cultural Heritage List by UNESCO.

The predecessor of the Forbidden City in Beijing is the Forbidden City. It is the imperial palace of Ming and Qing Dynasties, and also the largest and most complete existing ancient architectural complex in China.

1988 is listed as "World Cultural Heritage" by UNESCO. The Forbidden City is a rectangular city with four corners, beautiful turret, surrounded by a moat with a width of 52 meters, forming a fortified castle.

Within the city wall, there are wooden structures, yellow glazed tile roofs, blue and white stone bases, decorated with brilliant color paintings. Magnificent and luxurious architecture is the essence and protection of ancient Chinese architectural art.

Huangshan Mountain is one of the famous scenic spots in China and also a world tourist attraction. It is located in Huangshan City in the south of Anhui Province. The elevation of the main peak, Lotus Peak1864.8m..

Huangshan also has four wonders: strange pines, strange rocks, sea of clouds and hot springs. It is known as "the Five Mountains return without looking at the mountains, and the Huangshan Mountain returns without looking at the mountains".

Mount Qomolangma is the main peak of Himalayas. Located in People's Republic of China (PRC).

This mountain is a huge pyramid, which is composed of crystalline rock series. The altitude is 8844.43 meters, which is 3.7 meters lower than the altitude published in 1975.

And it grows at a rate of 3.7 cm per year. As the highest mountain in the world, it is also called the roof of the world and the roof of the world.

The majestic image of Mount Everest has always had an impact on the local area and even the whole world. The fourth edition of RMB 10 yuan has the pattern of Mount Everest on the back.