What is there to do in the whole city? 2017 city travel guide

As an antique city, the editor prefers antique style, so he sometimes pays attention to some places with antique flavor. This place is spread all over the city. Maybe its patina is different from what you think. Come with me to experience it first.

On Sunday, July 16, 2017, the persistent high temperature weather did not change due to several rainfalls. Starting in 2013, a tour of Han Tombs in Mancheng that had been planned for many years was finally put on the agenda. Sunday was still foggy. A simple outing and a self-driving trip of more than 170 kilometers made it easy to reach Joy.

The famous Mancheng Han Tomb is located in Lingshan, 1.5 kilometers southwest of Mancheng County in the west of Baoding City. It covers an area of ??144 hectares and is 196 meters above sea level, on the east side of the main peak of Yuling Mountain. This is the tomb of Zhongshan Shisheng (154-113 BC) of the Western Han Dynasty and his wife Dou Wan. In May 1968, while the troops were working in Lingshan, they accidentally discovered that a hole was said to have been drilled into the top of the mountain. After the gunshot, the stone fell down the hole, and everyone thought there was something wrong inside. After the report, the central government was alarmed. Zhou Enlai personally issued the instructions. Guo Moruo went to the site to direct the excavation work. An ancient tomb from the Han Dynasty that lasted more than 2,000 years was successfully excavated. Chang Xin's gold and jade clothes and palace lanterns shocked the world.

I had to complain about the ticketing system of Mancheng Han Tomb Park. I had to buy 10 yuan tickets for Liu Sheng's Tomb and Dou Wan's Tomb respectively. The ticket price is now 75 yuan, and you can also go to the newly built Pudu Temple on the top of the mountain. Does it feel like it’s really expensive when it’s new? no way. In a few years, I estimate it will be around 100 yuan.

Look at some Shinto stone sculptures at this gate, such as stone statues and beasts. Later they all moved away from there. According to common sense, if there are these objects at the foot of the mountain, a discerning person will know that there are ancient tombs here, even tombs the size of emperors. In addition, looking at their hats, they are typical of the Song Dynasty style, maybe they are old objects.

Speaking of the style of these stone human beasts, I judge that they are the style of the Song Dynasty. Just judging from the style of the hat, it is a typical hard hat structure, but it lacks the slender wing angles at the back. I thought: This shape is probably not easy to carve and is easily broken during storage, so I made it into the shape of a stone sculpture.

Slowly walk up the steps of the park. It is not that simple at an altitude of more than 200 meters. . Facing the scorching sun, there is no shade. If you don't walk for a few minutes, you will sweat. Looking up the mountain, the Golden Buddha sits north and faces south, bathed in the early morning sunshine and shining with golden light. It welcomes worshipers from all directions in the wilderness of the park.

After about 30 minutes, we were sweating profusely. Head towards the summit. When several cats saw us, they bent down obediently and kept a safe distance. What were they begging for? But we didn’t bring anything to eat, let alone cat food. The poor cat looked at us eagerly and refused to leave for a long time. I can't forget the eyes of the patron saint of this temple and mausoleum.

When we arrived at the platform on the top of the mountain, the first tomb we saw was that of Mrs. Dou Wan, Saint Liu Jinbiao of Zhongshan. On the north side of Liu's tomb, the scale, vigor and shape of the tomb are higher than that of the tomb. We can't wait to get in. The staff inside were all wearing military coats and couldn't help but gasp. It was only about 20 degrees at most, which was a bit creepy. With a swish sound, I felt a chill on my neck. I shrank my neck instantly, sweating all over my body, and my body seemed to disappear in an instant.

After entering, it was really big enough. Data shows that the total length here is 49.7 meters, the widest point is 65 meters, and the highest point is 7.9 meters. The volume reaches 3000 cubic meters. The outer door is between two brick walls and sealed with molten iron. It is absolutely solid and tight. Its warehouse, wing room, and carriage house are said to be more luxurious than Liu Sheng's.

To say that a national treasure was found in a Han tomb in the city, It can be called the world-famous gold and jade clothes. Liu Sheng and Dou Wan were buried in gold and jade clothes. After the death of the emperors and nobles of the Han Dynasty, jade clothes were divided into three types: gold, silver and copper due to different grades. "Jade clothes" are funerary objects

According to records in "Book of Etiquette of the Later Han Dynasty", the emperor's 'jade clothes' were made of gold thread, while princes, generals and ministers began to use seals, and noble princesses used silver thread. ;The great nobleman, the princess with copper. It is a vassal king of Liu Sheng. As stated in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, only 'gold and jade gowns' could be used, but what was actually unearthed was 'gold and jade gowns'. Ancient rulers used jade clothes as burial clothes, which continued from the Western Han Dynasty to the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Until Emperor Wen of Wei, Cao Pi, banned the use of jade clothing, saying that it was purely stupid and vulgar behavior. Since then, this system of burial clothing has been eliminated.

More than 4,000 cultural relics were unearthed, representing the highest level of casting in that era, and many of them can be called high-quality products of the era. Suzaku held its head high, raised its tail, stepped on a flat dragon, and held a lamp plate in its mouth. It looked like it was about to fly. The lamp panel is a circular recess divided into three compartments, each containing a candlestick. The lamp base is a flat dragon with a raised head. Because lead accounts for a large proportion in production, the lamp body is extremely stable.

Bead-shaped copper lamp: bean-thin handle, first seen in the Warring States period, shaped like a bronze ware. It probably evolved from the shape of the bean. According to surveys, bean lanterns are the earliest lamp shape in China, as well as the longest and most popular lamps.

Danghu bronze lantern: made by Hu people half-kneeling to hold up the lantern. The words "Danghu Yuanbao" are engraved on the lamp, indicating that the figurines are symbols of Xiongnu officials (the official titles of Xiongnu include left and right Danghu titles). During the Warring States Period, due to the special geographical location of the Zhongshan Kingdom, relations with the Xiongnu were tense.

The unearthed lamps can be said to reflect the ethnic conflicts at that time.

Bronze lanterns: mostly relics from the Han Dynasty, with an opening, straight walls, a candle stick in the middle, a flat bottom and three legs, and a flat handle on the outer wall. It's basically like a walking light, but with an extra tray underneath the light. One piece was unearthed from Tomb No. 1 in Mancheng, Hebei Province. Both the lamp and the supporting plate are engraved with inscriptions and are called "Dingdian Ding" and "Supporting plate" respectively.

Bronze lamp: The shape of the lamp is like an ancient bronze tripod, that is, a straight cup with a lid. When the lid is turned over, it becomes a lamp plate with a candlestick in the middle. Now, a pair of cup lids called "Yuanbao" have been unearthed from Han Tomb No. 1 in Mancheng, Hebei Province. They were made by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

Copper plate lamp: Basically shaped like a bean lamp, only there is a support plate under the lamp. There is a candle stick in the center of the lamp panel, and the outside of the lamp panel is often dish-shaped, one to twenty centimeters high. A lantern unearthed from Tomb No. 1 in Mancheng, Hebei Province has an inscription on the outer wall that reads "Yuanbao". So far, all lanterns have been found in tombs from the Western Han Dynasty.

Bronze lamp: The lamp is like a sleeping sheep. Sheep have their heads held high, their horns curled, their bodies round, and their tails short. There is a live buckle on the back of the sheep's neck and a small lifting buckle on the buttocks. When in use, the sheep can be placed flat on its head as a lamp plate with its back facing up. The lamp panel is oval in shape, with a mouth and a small spout at one end for easy setting of the lamp twist. The abdominal cavity of the sheep statue is hollow and can store lamp oil.

Another national treasure is the "Changxin Palace Lantern", which was unearthed from the tomb of Dou Wan, the wife of Jingsheng of the Western Han Dynasty, in Mancheng. It is 48 centimeters high. The image of the lamp is a young palace maid kneeling with a lamp, which is plated with gold. The palace ladies wear their hair in buns, headscarves, long gowns and wide sleeves. Her face is dignified and delicate, her eyes are very focused, her head is slightly tilted forward, her expression is respectful and cautious, showing the unique demeanor of a young palace lady from the lower class. The maid holds the lamp plate in her left hand, raises her right arm, and hangs her sleeve into the lampshade. The light panel can be rotated, and the two arc-shaped panels on the light panel can be pushed open and closed to adjust the brightness and illumination direction of the light. The body of the palace maid is hollow, and the oil fumes enter the body through the right arm to keep the room clean. Various parts of the lamp can also be disassembled to facilitate cleaning. This lantern

For a long time, Changxin palace lantern has been regarded as the pinnacle of traditional Chinese arts and crafts and the charm of national art for its unique shape, exquisite craftsmanship and ingenious artistic conception. She has exhibited abroad many times and has become a messenger to spread Chinese civilization.

A large number of stoves, such as Cuojin Boshan stove, tripod-shaped copper fumigator, cage fumigator, Panlong Boshan stove with through-carvings, Boshan stove with beast riding, etc. Some porcelains have been unearthed from the tombs of the Han Dynasty, among which the China Baobo Mountain Stove is the most exquisite. The furnace body is bean-shaped and is made of gold wires and gold sheets that are both strong and soft. The spices are put into the stove and ignited. Cigarette smoke curled up through the many holes in the stove lid and filled the room.

Boshan, the fairy mountain in ancient mythology, is a process of inlaying gold and silver. The upper part and lid of the furnace are cast with undulating, steep mountain shapes to symbolize land and mountains. There are caves dug in the mountains on the stove cover, mythical animals, tigers and leopards running, smart monkeys crouching high in the mountains or riding on the backs of wild beasts, and hunters patrolling the mountains.

A beautiful and vivid natural mountain scenery is displayed in the uncanny workmanship of the craftsmen. The stove handle is carved into three dragons to liberate the churning sea. The stove plate is supported by the dragon head. The dragon pattern is decorated between the mountains and the sea on the stove handle, implying the concept of the times that the dragon is a celestial beast that connects the three worlds of heaven, earth and man. Its exquisite craftsmanship is rare in the world.

In this dark and blurry light, we seem to have traveled through a time tunnel of more than 2,000 years. This is no cemetery cave, but a palace of history and art, a paradise for quarantine sauna days. It felt so cool at 20 degrees that we were filled with emotions during this wonderful visit. Unexpectedly, this first group photo was taken in front of Dou Wan's grave.

He is the son of Emperor Liu Sheng Liu Qi, the half-brother of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty Liu Che, and the ancestor of Emperor Liu Bei of Shu. Three years ago (154 BC), Liu Sheng was named King of Zhongshan. After Sun Yat-sen came to power forty-two years, he died of illness in the fourth year of Dingyuan (113 BC). Zhongshan is located at the eastern foot of Taihang Mountain, and its capital was Lunu (now Dingzhou, Hebei). It has gone through ten dynasties, Liu Sheng was the first.

The tomb chamber of Liu Sheng's tomb is made of excavated rocks, with a total length of 51.7 meters and a widest point of 37.5 meters. The highest tomb of King Jing in the city is 6.8 meters. meters, volume 2700 cubic meters. The top of the tomb is arched, and the walls of the tomb are curved, without straight walls and right-angle intersections. This structure ensures that the Han tombs are well preserved to this day. The layout of the tomb chamber completely imitates the palace architecture on the ground. It consists of six parts: the tomb passage, the passage, the south ear chamber (chariot and horse room), the north ear chamber (warehouse), and the middle ear chamber (the front room for banquets, drinking and entertainment). ) and the back room (coffin and bathroom).

In May 1968, an engineering unit of the Beijing Military Region of the Chinese People's Liberation Army quietly stationed in Mancheng County, Hebei Province. They performed a secret national defense construction mission on Lingshan Mountain . At 3 pm on May 23, soldiers from the 12th Electromechanical Squadron opened a hole in an east-facing area 30 meters away from the top of the mountain. A strange phenomenon occurred. ——, this shot did not disintegrate a lot of gravel as usual. The soldiers decided to take a look. Unexpectedly, a soldier walking in front suddenly fell into a dark cave. The cave was dark and opaque, evil spirits were attacking us, and there was a very strange and strong smell, which was momentarily creepy. After calming down, the soldier quickly climbed out towards the faint light.

Afterwards, the soldier and several other comrades returned to the cave.

When they turned on the flashlight, they found a lot of messy rotten wood scattered on the ground, as well as many strange-looking ironware, pottery and bronzeware. The deeper you go, the bigger the space becomes, and there are many old-fashioned living utensils on the ground. At this time, a veteran said: "We may have dug an ancient tomb!"

The soldiers took out some representative cultural relics, re-sealed the entrance of the cave, and reported the discovery to their superiors. Among several

Immediately, the relevant departments of Hebei Province secretly sent archaeologists Zheng Shaozong, Sun Dehai and government staff Zhang Tianfu and Du Rongquan to the site to investigate, and sent an emergency telegram to the relevant central departments for instructions. Since they were in the "Cultural Revolution" period, these four people were stopped almost every time they walked to the ancient tomb. When we arrived in the city, it was already evening. Against the backdrop of dusk, the tombs all over the city look like a huge Taishi chair, on which the ancient tomb is located.

After entering the tomb, the experts were involuntarily stunned. The first thing they saw when they walked in was the south wing. It is 30 meters long and contains the bones of a chariot, the king's carriage and a dozen horses buried in the ground. All horses are equipped with sparkling harness. Afterwards, people entered the north wing again, and the aroma of old wine hit their faces. Hundreds of large wine jars, painted wine jars, stone mills, and clay pots were placed on the ground. There were many small stalactites on the surface of the pots.

On June 27, 1968, under strict confidentiality, the An archaeological team composed of the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, and an engineering unit of the Beijing Military Region entered Mancheng Lingshan.

This time, in addition to the north and south wing rooms and the middle hall, I found that there is an unopened back room in the southwest of the middle hall. Some people speculate that this should be the place where the coffin of the tomb owner is placed. After the room was firmly sealed by the stone door, the appearance was disguised as a blue stone wall, which was perfect. How to open this stone door became a problem. After some investigation, archaeologists discovered a very inconspicuous small gap between the upper lintel of the stone door and the cave, and concluded that this might be the passage into the back room. After that, under the hammer and steel hammer, the stone door revealed a small hole in the shape of the Yangtze River Delta that could only accommodate one person. Suddenly, a strong smell gushes out, and the team members rush to get the gas masks they carry for the chemical defense troops.

After the toxic gas was removed, the archaeologists entered the secret room. It turned out that the inside and outside of the door were sealed with soil, and the middle was poured with molten iron dozens of centimeters thick, and was supported by huge stones from the inside. Later, archaeologists peeled off the soil inside and outside the stone door and discovered a rectangular copper hidden bolt with a shaft. After pressing the dark latch and pushing gently, the stone door will open. During this process, archaeologists were surprised to find that the stone gate was actually made of a single piece of white marble. Before the spotlight brought by the team members was turned on, beams of golden light were already shooting out of the room. ——, an ancient tomb that was not stolen.

In the back room, archaeologists found a bronze vessel with the inscription "Tong Qian No. 1, Zhongshan Neifu Thirty-Four Years" engraved on it. Combined with other clues, it is inferred that the ancient tombs in Mancheng should be the tombs of Wensheng, the late king of Zhongshan in the Western Han Dynasty. The layout of the tomb chamber completely imitates the palace architecture on the ground and consists of six parts: tomb passage, aisle, south ear chamber (chariot and horse room), north ear chamber (warehouse), middle ear chamber (front room for banquets and entertainment) and back room (Coffin and Bathroom). It is speculated from the excavations that the tunnel, south ear chamber, north ear chamber, and middle chamber of Liu Sheng's tomb used to be wooden houses with tile roofs in cave dwellings, but later collapsed due to wood rot. After that, the tomb chamber consisted of three parts: a stone house built with stone slabs in the cave, the main tomb chamber, and the side tomb chamber. The main room symbolizes the inner bedroom, with a built-in coffin bed made of white marble and a coffin placed on it. The small side room on the south side of the main chamber symbolizes the bathroom, and there is a complete drainage system in the tomb.

Zhongshan Sheng’s armor, gold and jade clothes, favorite musical instruments and utensils are absolutely beautiful. Looking back at the level of luxury of emperors and generals more than 2,000 years ago, the cultural relics in the Han tombs in the city have created many of the best in China: 4 gold needles, 5 silver needles, 'medicine basin', as well as small silver funnels, copper Medicine spoons, medicine doses and copper scalpels, etc. Constituting the best texture and earliest unearthed date to date. Copper leak

There is a wide circular corridor behind the tomb. We looked around and didn't find any mud ends. After reading the introduction, it plays the role of drainage and penetration. If it rains, the mountain will seep rainwater along the rocks. At this time, the corridor behind will play a certain role in drainage. In fact, there was still some dripping water in the cave when we went there. The drains at the back don't seem to be functioning as they should. It is said that the corpse dressed in gold and jade has rotted into ashes.

On his deathbed, the brand-new Pudu Temple on the top of the mountain was filled with incense and the Buddha's light shone everywhere. Just take a walk. Flowers bloom at the foot of the mountain, and the forest is quiet and comfortable, but the weather is hot. When I came to the temple, I found that I was very relaxed, surrounded by clear water and lotus flowers in bloom. I loved men and women, and read Goldman Sachs.

What a cozy place.