Explain the characteristics of tourism products and the practical significance of understanding these characteristics.

Tourism products are the combination of tourist attractions and services provided by tourism industry through the development and utilization of tourism resources. The elements of tourism products mainly include tourist attractions, tourist facilities, accessibility and tourism services.

Tourism products have the following characteristics:

overall

From the tourists' point of view, the tourism products of tourist destinations are a whole product and the sum of facilities and services provided by related tourism enterprises to meet the various needs of tourists. When most tourists travel to a certain destination, they will not only consider one kind of service or product when making a purchase decision, but will consider multiple services or products together. For example, holiday tourists should consider a series of facilities and services such as accommodation, transportation and food when choosing tourist attractions or tourist attractions in holiday destinations. In this sense, tourism products are a kind of comprehensive group products or collective products.

Some economists abroad say that tourism is a synthesis of all industries. This statement makes sense. Tourism products cover a wider range than any economic sector. The mistake of any department (that is, a link) will lead to the unsalable sales of the whole product.

(2) invisibility

Tourism products are facilities and services provided by various tourism enterprises for tourists. The intangible part plays a leading role in tourism products. The quality and value of products are evaluated and measured by consumers' impressions and feelings.

(3) Non-transferable

After tourism products enter the circulation field, their commodities are still fixed in the original position. Tourists can only go to places where tourism products are produced for consumption. On the one hand, it supplements and perfects the traditional international trade theory, and at the same time, it is also an important factor for transportation to become a tourism activity. On the other hand, after tourists buy tourism products, this transaction does not transfer ownership, but only the right to use.

(4) timeliness

After tourists buy tourism products, tourism enterprises only deliver the right to use the products within the specified time. Once the buyer fails to use it on time, he must buy it again and bear the losses caused to the seller by the failure to use it on time. For tourism enterprises, the utility of tourism products cannot be accumulated for future sales. With the passage of time, its value will naturally disappear and will never exist again. Because when a new day comes, it will show new value. Therefore, the utility and value of tourism products are not only fixed in place, but also fixed in time. Therefore, tourism products show strong timeliness characteristics.

(e) Synchronization of production and consumption.

Tourism products are generally produced and delivered when tourists come to the production site. The completion of service activities requires the joint participation of producers and consumers. In this sense, the production and consumption of tourism products occur simultaneously in the same place. At the same time, the process of tourists consuming tourism products is also the process of tourism enterprises producing and delivering tourism products. Synchronization or inseparability of production and consumption is an important feature of tourism product marketing.

(six) demand flexibility and strong substitution

Due to the influence of various factors, the demand for tourism products in the tourism market is very elastic. The tourism market is divided into normal season, off-season and peak season, which leads to great demand elasticity of tourism products.

Tourism products have strong substitutability and have two meanings: first, although tourism is a necessity in people's lives, it is not like necessities such as food, clothing, housing and transportation, but a high-level consumption. In China, tourism is still a high-end luxury. If you want to travel, you have to give up another demand. On the second floor, tourists can choose tourist routes, destinations, hotels and transportation.

(vii) Aftereffect

Only after the consumption process is completely over can tourists make a comprehensive and accurate evaluation of the quality of tourism products. Tourists' understanding of the quality of tourism products is the result of the interaction between their expected quality and experience quality. Expected quality refers to tourists' evaluation of product quality according to all kinds of information about tourism products before actually buying them. If the expected quality is higher than the actual experience quality, customers will be dissatisfied, will not repeat the purchase, and will produce oral publicity that is unfavorable to the enterprise. Therefore, tourism enterprises cannot regard the completion of face-to-face service to tourists as the end of the whole sales activity.

(viii) Vulnerability

The fragility of tourism products means that the realization of the value of tourism products is influenced and restricted by many factors. This is determined by the comprehensive, intangible and non-storable characteristics of tourism products. A certain proportion of quality and quantity should be maintained among the components of tourism products, and the departments or industries that provide the products of each component must also develop in harmony, otherwise it will have an adverse impact on the overall tourism products. In addition, various external factors such as nature, politics, economy and society will also affect the supply and demand of tourism products, thus affecting the realization of the value of tourism products.