Diaoyu Island: History, Present Situation and Related International Situation

Diaoyu Island incident is a long-term unsuccessful local territorial sovereignty dispute between China and Japan caused by Japanese government's attempt to embezzle Japanese territory Diaoyu Island and its nearby islands in the early 1970s.

Diaoyu Island is also called Diaoyutai. Diaoyu Island and its adjacent islands are affiliated islands of Taiwan Province Province, China. Japan calls it the Senkaku Islands. Diaoyu Island and other islands are located about 100 nautical mile northeast of Taiwan Province Island. It consists of Diaoyu Island, Danan Island, Dabei Island, Huangwei Island, chiwei yu, Xiaonan Island, Beixiao Island and Feisai Island, with a total land area of 6.3 square kilometers. Among them, Diaoyu Island is the largest, covering an area of about 5 square kilometers. No one settled on the island because there was no fresh water. Diaoyu Island is a fishing ground in the East China Sea of China, rich in bonito, swordfish, tuna and flying fish. The island is rich in camellia, palm, cactus and many precious medicinal materials. The seabed is rich in oil resources. Since ancient times, fishermen from China, Fujian and Taiwan Province provinces have been fishing there and set up shelters on the island, sometimes staying for several months. Coastal residents of China often go there to choose special products.

As early as the Ming Dynasty, these islands belonged to the coastal defense area of China. In the Ming Dynasty, in order to fight against the invasion of Japanese pirates, 1556, Hu Zongxian was appointed as the anti-Japanese pirate governor, responsible for the anti-Japanese military in coastal provinces. Records of envoys sent to Ryukyu in Ming and Qing Dynasties and geography history books clearly recorded that these islands belonged to China. The border between China and Ryukyu lies between chiwei yu and Kumi Island (now Kumi Island). 1879, when Li Hongzhang, the minister of Beiyang in the Qing Dynasty, negotiated with Japan about the ownership of Ryukyu, both sides thought that Ryukyu was 36 islands, and Diaoyu Island and other islands were not within these 36 islands at all and did not belong to Ryukyu. Hundreds of years after Diaoyu Islands belonged to China, Japanese talents "discovered" these islands in 1884. 1895, Japan stole these islands when the Qing government was defeated in the Sino-Japanese War. Then, the Japanese government forced the Qing government to sign the treaty of shimonoseki, ceding Taiwan Province Province and all its affiliated islands and Penghu Islands to Japan. After World War II, the Japanese government, the defeated country, privately handed over the Diaoyu Islands and other affiliated islands of Taiwan Province Province to the United States, and the United States unilaterally declared that it had the so-called "executive power" over these islands. 1945, the island was occupied by the United States.

In the early 1970s, under the background that Japan and the United States stepped up their efforts to divide Diaoyu Islands into Ryukyu Islands and return Ryukyu Islands to Japan,1In July, 970, a Japanese Ryukyu coast patrol boat sailed to Diaoyu Islands and other islands, where signs indicating that these islands belonged to Ryukyu Islands of Japan were illegally set up. Since then, the Sato government of Japan has taken the Japanese invaders' past acts of plundering China as the basis for its "sovereignty" over the Diaoyu Islands and other islands, repeatedly saying that the Diaoyu Islands and other islands are "Japanese" and claiming to defend them by force. 1970 August 12, the spokesman of the US Embassy in Japan also publicly claimed that "Diaoyu Island is a part of the Ryukyu Islands" and the US government has "decided to return it to Japan". The governments of the United States and Japan even violated the Cairo Declaration and the Potsdam Proclamation without authorization and privately awarded the Diaoyu Islands in China. 1971June 17, when the governments of the United States and Japan signed the agreement to return Okinawa, they brazenly "handed over" the Diaoyu Islands and other islands to Japan.

The wanton destruction of China's sovereignty by the U.S. and Japanese governments aroused the strong indignation of China people at home and abroad. 197165438+1From 29 to 30 October, the "Fishing Protection Committee" established by Chinese from all over the United States organized more than 3,000 China students to study in the United States, and held demonstrations to defend the Diaoyu Islands in new york, Chicago, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Washington, Seattle and other places. From April 14 to April 17, more than 4,000 students from Taiwan Province Provincial University and Taiwan Province Provincial Normal University held a rally and parade to defend the Diaoyu Islands. On August 13, the authorities of Taiwan Province Province issued a statement on the issue that the United States incorporated the Diaoyu Islands into the Ryukyu Islands and prepared to return them to Japan, pointing out that the sovereignty of the Diaoyu Islands belongs to China and the United States cannot tolerate its return to Japan. 197 17 June 17, when the United States and Japan signed an agreement to return Okinawa and "handed over" Diaoyu Island and other islands to Japan, People's Republic of China (PRC) issued a statement, pointing out that Diaoyu Island is the territory of China, and it is illegal and invalid for the United States to hand it over to Japan. On the same day, the "Ministry of Foreign Affairs" of the authorities of Taiwan Province Province across the Taiwan Strait also issued a statement, pointing out that Diaoyu Island belongs to China and demanding that the US government take measures to solve it. On February 30th, 65438, People's Republic of China (PRC)'s Foreign Ministry issued a statement, reiterating that Diaoyu Island and other islands are "affiliated islands of Taiwan Province Province" and "brought by China since ancient times", and it is "totally illegal" for the United States and Japan to include Diaoyu Island and other islands in the "return area" in the agreement to return Okinawa. This is a flagrant violation of China's territorial sovereignty. The people of China will never tolerate this. We must also recover these islands. 1On May 3, 972, 1000 more than China students studying in the United States held another demonstration in Washington to protest against the handing over of Diaoyu Islands by the United States to Japan.

Under the strong opposition of Chinese on both sides of the Taiwan Strait and overseas, the State Council of the United States had to issue a statement on June1971KLOC-0/7: Ryukyu Islands were returned to Japan, and the sovereignty of Diaoyu Islands was settled through consultation between Taiwan Province Province and Japan.

1972 when China and Japan established diplomatic relations, 1978 when the Sino-Japanese Treaty of Peace and Friendship was concluded, China and Japan agreed to temporarily shelve the Diaoyu Islands issue and talk about it later, and not to take unilateral actions involving the sovereignty of the Diaoyu Islands. However, in July of 198 1 year, June of 1990 and June of1year, the Japanese side repeatedly took unilateral actions involving the sovereignty of the Diaoyu Islands, which violated the unanimous will expressed by the leaders of the Chinese and Japanese governments on the Diaoyu Islands issue. Naturally, it was opposed by the government of China and the authorities of Taiwan Province Province, all the people of China and overseas Chinese.

Diaoyu Island and its adjacent islands are the territory of China. Although China and Japan have different positions on the sovereignty of the Diaoyu Islands, they should proceed from the overall situation of friendship between the two countries and resolve it through consultation. It is unwise for Japan to unilaterally involve the sovereignty of Diaoyu Islands.