Composition for the first grade of primary school (600 words): Journey to Xinjiang (4)---The Karez in Turpan

Composition title: Journey to Xinjiang (4)---The Karez in Turpan

Keywords: Journey to Xinjiang, first grade primary school

This article is suitable for: primary school grade one Grade

Source of composition:

This composition (600 words) is about the first grade of primary school (600 words), titled: "Journey to Xinjiang (4)---Turpan" "Karez", everyone is welcome to contribute.

Tour of Xinjiang (4)

—— Turpan Karez

On the last day of the trip to Xinjiang, we visited the historical ancient city of Xinjiang: Turpan. One day, my biggest gain was visiting the Karez in Turpan.

Almost all of Xinjiang’s ancient cities and cultural history are in Turpan. Many foreigners come to Xinjiang because of its reputation. They only know about Dabancheng and Turpan, but not Urumqi. As you can imagine, Turpan is world-famous.

Most of the Turpan Basin is below sea level, and it is surrounded by mountains on all sides, with the Flaming Mountains lying in the center of the basin. It is the lowest-lying city in China, as well as the hottest and driest city. It is known as the "Fire Continent". In summer, the highest temperature in Turpan can reach 48°, and the average annual rainfall is only 16 mm, but the average annual evaporation is more than 2,000! Due to the long-term drought and water shortage here, the smart Xinjiang people took advantage of the special geographical conditions to invent a unique underground water conservancy project: the karez.

Karez, the ancient name: "well canal". It is an underground channel created by artificially digging underground water. You may ask: "Turpan has been suffering from drought and water shortage all year round. How can there be underground water layers?" It flows into the basin after the Bogda Snow Mountain in the north of Turpan and the Klawucheng Snow Mountain in the west melt, and soon penetrates into the Gobi. The underground becomes an undercurrent.

A karez is a water conservancy project that draws out and collects underground currents for farmland irrigation. It consists of shafts, culverts, open channels and retention dams. The vertical shaft is mainly used for people to enter and exit and to excavate the upper and lower passages when excavating the culvert. The diameter of the well head is about 70 to 80 centimeters. At that time, the working people only used woven baskets and reels to transport the soil up; excavating from one place until the excavated When the water comes, start digging the culvert;

The culvert is the main body of the karez, that is, the underground canal, about 1.5 meters deep and 0.7 meters wide; the lag dam is the outlet of the culvert, a reservoir built in the culvert. The water flows into the reservoir on the ground; the so-called open channel is the channel between the culvert and the farmland. It is different from the culvert. It is a channel that flows on the ground.

There are more than 1,100 karez in Turpan, with a total length of more than 5,000 kilometers, just like the blood vessels of the human body. Together with the Great Wall and the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, it is known as the three major projects in ancient China. Don’t underestimate Xinjiang’s karez, which leads to underground river water and turns the desert into an oasis. These are all the crystallization of the wisdom of the ancient working people!

Now, although Turpan has built new canals and reservoirs, Qanat still plays a special role as a spring of life in modernization. Seeing this, I have to lament the wisdom of the Chinese working people!

Note: Since my mother is a water conservancy worker, I only understood many of the professional vocabulary and professional knowledge in the article after my mother explained it. Now I have organized it into chapters to share with you.

Please browse

Shafts

Shafts and culverts, culvert exits and open channels